• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.36-43
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• 2016

With transient flooding followed by poor or slow drainage plant roots may become reduction conditions because the root zone was fully filled with water. This study was examined the effects of calcium treatment in the early growth stage on biochemical changes in leaves and roots of melon (Cucumis melo L.) seedlings kept under flooding condition for 72 h. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase more gradually enhanced in the roots than those of leaves of melon seedlings treated with calcium. The activities of alcohol dehydrogenase associated with alcohol fermentation under low oxygen conditions continuously increased in the leaves and roots of seedlings untreated with calcium under flooding at least 72 h but those was constant within at least 12 h in treated with calcium. These results showed that calcium supplying in the early growth stage mitigated alcohol fermentation of melon seedlings kept under flooding condition for 72 h. Activities of nitrate reductase and acid phosphatase in the leaves and roots of seedlings in treated with calcium somewhat higher than those of non-treated with calcium. The activities of sucrose phosphate synthase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase of leaves of seedlings in treated with calcium more higher than those of non-treated with calcium. These results indicated that calcium nutrition mitigate the reduction of activities of some enzymes of melon seedling kept under flooding condition for 72 h.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2001

The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationships between the BMI and food preference. eating behaviors. and nutrition knowledge score among the middle school male and female students. A total of 394 students from 4 different middle school in Seoul were participated in this study. The students were categorized into 3 groups by BMI : under-weight(〈20). ideal(20$\leq$BMI〈25). and overweight($\geq$25) groups. The data on food preference. eating behavior. and nutrition knowledge were collected by a questionnaire. All data were analyzed by means as frequency. percentage. mean and standard deviation. F-test. $\chi$$^2$-test. and correlation analysis. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. BMI average of the male students was 21.4 About 45% of the students were in ideal weight group. 40% were in under-weight group. and 15% were in overweight group according to BMI. 2. About 62% of the participants wanted to lose weight : 43% of the male students. and 82% of the female students. And 33% of the students wished to lose more than 7kg of body weight. 3. Preference score for animal protein foods was the highest in overweight group. On the other hand. preference score of vegetables was the highest in under-weight group. 4. All 3 BMI groups eat more foods on dinner compared to lunch or breakfast. Eating amount score of between-meal was highest(eat more) in under-weight group. and the lowest(eat less) in overweight group. But the percentage of students who eat snack at night was the highest in overweight group. 5. Among the eating behavior variables. eating frequency of snack at night and eating speed were significantly different among 3 groups. Overweight group eat snack at night less frequently and eating speed is faster than the other groups(p〈.05). 6. Nutrition knowledge score was the highest in overweight group. but the difference was insignificant. It is shown that about 40% of the participants belong to under-weight group. but 62% wished to lose weights. Parents and teachers should watch out the juvenile students'health. especially whether they try to lose weight or maintain unrealistically low weight.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.425-430
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 축산 부산물인 닭발을 산과 알칼리에 각각 침지하여 제조한 젤라틴의 이화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 침지조건에 따른 아미노산 함량은 큰 차이가 없었으나 상업적으로 판매되는 돈피나 소가죽 젤라틴과는 그 조성이 달랐다. 이는 원료의 특성과 제조공정의 차이에서 기인하는 것으로 사료된다. 젤라틴의 수율과 젤라틴 겔의 경도는 산성 조건에서 24시간 침지한 경우에, 알칼리 조건에서 1주 침지한 경우에 가장 높다고 평가되었다. 점도와 투명도는 침지기간이 증가함에 따라 산성 조건에서는 증가한 반면 알칼리 조건에서는 감소하였다. 색도는 산처리 닭발 젤라틴 겔이 알칼리처리 젤라팅 겔에 비해 L값은 높고, a값과 b값이 낮아 미관상 더 바람직하다. 이화학적 특성이 우수한 산처리 24시간 침지 시료와 알칼리 처리 1주 침지 시료의 분자량 분포를 Gel permeation chromatography로 살펴본 결과, 두 시료 모두 12개의 획분으로 구성되었다. 가장 많이 발견되는 분자량은 669 kD으로 알칼리 처리 시료가 산처리 시료에 비해 두 배나 많았으며, 300 kD 이하는 산처리 시료가 알칼리 처리군에 비해 현저히 많아 산처리 시료가 알칼리 처리군에 비해 상대적으로 저분자화 되어있었다.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2001

Consumers'frequent use of micronutrient supplements has caused concerns o possible overdoses and prompted the view that the appropriate provision of nutrition information on such supplements is needed. In this study the nutrition information on vitamin-mineral supplements in Korea was evaluated based on the labels on the supplements. Consumers'use, reliance on and demand for nutrition information were examined by self-administered questionnaire. Subjects were 1,203 middle-aged housewives. Under examination were 141 multinutrient products (86.6%) and single nutrient products (13.4%). Various names and units were used for the same nutrient and the labels were not informative to consumers. The mode of nutrients contents in the supplements were several fold of RDA though not in the range of toxicity. %RDA value was seldom shown on the label. Currently these supplements are classified as general drugs in Korea so they are not subject to regulations on nutrition labeling. Half of the subjects read the nutrient content list but two-thirds of them did not understand the information. Numerous health claims related to diseases were listed on the label and more than half of the subjects read them and one-third believed those health claims. These results indicate the need for an appropriate format for nutrition information on vitamin-mineral supplements.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권5호
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• pp.1126-1141
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• 2021

Recent evidence has shown that methionine (Met) supplementation can improve milk protein synthesis under hyperthermia (which reduces milk production). To explore the mechanism by which milk protein synthesis is affected by Met supplementation under hyperthermia, mammary alveolar (MAC-T) cells were incubated at a hyperthermic temperature of 42℃ for 6 h in media with different concentrations of Met. While the control group (CON) contained a normal amino acid concentration profile (60 ㎍/mL of Met), the three treatment groups were supplemented with Met at concentrations of 10 ㎍/mL (MET70, 70 ㎍/mL of Met), 20 ㎍/mL (MET80, 80 ㎍/mL of Met), and 30 ㎍/mL (MET90,90 ㎍/mL of Met). Our results show that additional Met supplementation increases the mRNA and protein levels of BCL2 (B-cell lymphoma-2, an anti-apoptosis agent), and decreases the mRNA and protein levels of BAX (Bcl-2-associated X protein, a pro-apoptosis agent), especially at an additional supplementary concentration of 20 ㎍/mL (group Met80). Supplementation with higher concentrations of Met decreased the mRNA levels of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9, and increased protein levels of heat shock protein (HSP70). The total protein levels of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) and the mTOR signalling pathway-related proteins, AKT, ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1 (RPS6KB1), and ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6), increased with increasing Met supplementation, and peaked at 80 ㎍/mL Met (group Met80). In addition, we also found that additional Met supplementation upregulated the gene expression of αS1-casein (CSN1S1), β-casein (CSN2), and the amino acid transporter genes SLC38A2, SLC38A3 which are known to be mTOR targets. Additional Met supplementation, however, had no effect on the gene expression of κ-casein (CSN3) and solute carrier family 34 member 2 (SLC34A2). Our results suggest that additional Met supplementation with 20 ㎍/mL may promote the synthesis of milk proteins in bovine mammary epithelial cells under hyperthermia by inhibiting apoptosis, activating the AKT-mTOR-RPS6KB1 signalling pathway, and regulating the entry of amino acids into these cells.

• 한국학교보건학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate nutrition knowledge and the need for nutrition education for high school students in Seoul. Methods: 603 male and female high school students were surveyed, using questionnaires. The data were then analyzed by ${\chi}^2$-test, t-test and ANOVA using SPSS 18.0. Results: Males reported acquiring nutrition information via 'broadcasting' more frequently than females did, and females reporting acquiring nutrition education via 'newspaper or book' and 'internet' more frequently than males did. 55 percent of all students responded that a 'nutrition teacher' was responsible for their nutrition education. As for the frequency of nutrition education, 29.3 percent of males and 36.9 percent of females responded that they received nutrition education 'once a semester'. Most students answered that their level of satisfaction with the nutrition education they had received was 'fair' (66.3 percent). 40.3 percent of students perceived their need for nutrition education as 'fair', 39.8 percent responded that it was needed (p<.05). In the content of nutrition education, females reported receiving more 'diet and weigh control (male 4.02, female 4.27)', and 'practice of cooking (male 3.91, female 4.14)' than males (p<.01). On the measure of nutrition knowledge, females scored higher than males did. Conclusion: The results showed that consistent and necessary education is required under the support by school to improve the nutrition knowledge of high school students.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.476-486
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• 2007

This study was performed to investigate the dietary behaviors, perceived stress, and health-related factors along with their correlations in University students. The number of subjects was 150(64 males and 86 females), and the results of the study were as follows: Stress was felt by over 80% of the male and female students. The male students were more stressed than the females for economic value, gender difference, professor and drinking-related stress factors, and there was a significant difference between the genders. The female students had more clinical symptoms from stress than the male students in terms of dizziness, indigestion and constipation(p<0.01, p<0.001). The amount of food intake under stress was significantly different by gender. The female students preferred sweet tasting items, whereas the male students preferred hot tasting item when under stress. Also the intake of candy and chocolate when under stress in the male and female students was $2.00{\pm}0.74$ and $2.41{\pm}0.75$, respectively. The female students consumed candy and chocolate more than the male(p<0.01). Furthermore, 62.5% of the male students and 30.2% of the female students exercised to get rid of stress: the use of ball games as exercise in male and female students was $1.59{\pm}0.83$, $1.01{\pm}0.11$, respectively. Many students drank alcohol and smoked while under stress. In particular, the male students smoked more than normal as compared to the females, and there was a significant gender difference(p<0.001). The clinical symptoms positively correlated with the life stress level were degree of nervousness, sweaty, achy neck and shoulders, sore back, dizziness, eye fatigue, headache and indigestion. The amount of food intake under stress was positively correlated to the clinical symptom of headache. These results indicate the effects of life stress on dietary behaviors, food choice, and health status. Stress not only changed dietary behaviors, but was also related to health status. Therefore, education with regard to nutrition is necessary if college students are to practice food eating habits to correctly manage life stresses.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.197-207
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• 2019

Objectives: This study examined the characteristics and nutritional risk of the elderly who receive home delivery services. We then analyzed the effects of the characteristics of the elderly who receive the home-delivery meal service on their nutritional risk. Methods: A total of 220 respondents who receive home-delivery meal service in Seoul participated in the survey. The survey consisted of the characteristics of the elderly (health status, tooth condition, physical activity, social participation activity, depression and relationship with neighbors), nutritional risk assessment and other general matters. The data was analyzed by using the SPSS program. Cross-tabulation analysis, t-test, correlation analysis and regression analysis were all conducted. Results: 47.0% of the subjects were under 80 years old and 53.0% were over 80 years old, The nutritional risk score, as evaluated by a Nutrition Screening Initiative (NSI) checklist was 10.7 points, and the high nutrition risk group was 91.5% of the subjects. The subjective self-health status score was 2.24 points (out of a total of 5 points) and the tooth status score was 3.30 points. The physical activity level was 2.17 points for the under 80 years old group and 1.76 points for the over 80 years old, and there was a significant difference according to age (p<0.01), The higher the health status, tooth condition, physical activity and social participation activity level, the lower was the nutritional risk. Further, the higher the degree of depression, the higher was the nutritional risk. Conclusions: For the healthy life of the elderly in the community, various welfare policies should be planned to increase social participation as well as to promote physical health and reduce depression.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.224-228
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• 1990

Cabbage contained high peroxidase activity among tested plant sources. The cabbage peroxi-dase can replace horseradish peroxidase to assay glucose with glucose oxidase. The amount of glucose can be determined quantitatively by glucose oxidase-cabbage peroxidase. The opti-mum pH and temperature for enzymatic glucose determination by glucose oxidase-cabbage peroxidase were 6.0 and 35-45$^{\circ}C$ respectively. The glucose assay was inhibited by addition of various metal salts such as mercuric chloride lead acetate silver nitrate ammonium molyb-date sodium tunstate and cupric sulfate. The relationship between absorbance and amount of glucose was linear up to 8.33 mM glucose in the assay mixture under the assay conditions.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.353-353
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• 2021