• 경영정보학연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.25-47
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• 2014

IT프로젝트는 구성원들간의 역할과 업무구분에 있어서 불확실성이 높은 지식서비스형 프로젝트이다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 불확실한 환경에서의 촉진행위를 설명하고 있는 사회적 상호의존성 이론의 틀에 의거하여 IT프로젝트의 상황을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 연구모델로서 목표와 업무의 상호의존성을 독립변수로 하여 촉진행위인 커뮤니케이션 효과성과 지식공유를 매개변수, 그리고 성과를 종속변수로 설정하였고 기존에 개발되어 온 항목들을 활용하여 설문을 구성하였다. 123개의 IT프로젝트에 참여하였던 개발자와 현업실무자들을 일대일 쌍으로 구성하여 데이터를 수집하였다. 분석결과 기본적으로 사회적 상호의존성 이론이 적용됨을 실증할 수 있었고 세부적으로는 지식공유가 무엇보다 중요한 매개역할을 하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 커뮤니케이션 효과성은 프로젝트 성과에 직접적으로 영향을 미치기보다는 지식공유를 통하여 간접적으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 추정할 수 있었다. 목표의 상호의존성은 지식공유보다는 커뮤니케이션을 활성화시키는 효과가 있었고 지식공유는 이러한 커뮤니케이션 활성화와 더불어 업무의 상호의존성에 영향을 받아 프로젝트의 성과를 높이는 것으로 추정할 수 있었다. IT프로젝트의 실무에 있어서는 프로젝트를 성공시키기 위해서 팀 구성원들간의 지식공유를 촉진할 필요성이 확인되었다. 이러한 지식공유 활성화를 위해서는 무엇보다도 프로젝트 구성원들이 서로간의 상호의존성을 다양한 측면에서 지속적으로 확인하면서 촉진행위를 할 수 있도록 조직을 구성하고 자원을 배분하고 소통의 강도를 높여야 할 것으로 보인다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.444-453
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to construct a grounded theory as the basis for nursing intervention by describing and analysing the holistic lived experiences of clients receiving long-term hemodialysis. The subjects of this study were fifteen persons receiving regular hemodialysis regimen at artificial kindey treatment centers in two different university hospitals, and who were able to participate in conversation and were available for long and dup interviews. Eight of the subjects were male and seven were female and their ages ranged from 30's to 60's. The length of the hemodialysis experience ranged from two months to six years. The collection and analysis of data were done in accordance with the grounded theory methodology of Strauss & Corbin. The method to collect the data mainly depended. on long and deep interviews, participant observation and focused group interviews and the equipment used to collect data were a portable tape recorder and field notes. The study is summarized as follows : 1. The meaning of holistic lived experiences of clients receiving long -term hemodialysis was found to be uncertainty. which was identified as the core category. 2. The main categories following the core category were found to be shock, ambiguity, social support and quality of life. 3. Through the main category the type of behavior newly formed by clients receiving long-term hemodialysis was found to be as follows. That is to say, in the circumstances of shock caused by the identified fact and the ambiguity of hemodilysis they formed a quality of life based on social support, which was found to be a kind of chaotic phenomenon. 4. The lived experiences of clients receiving long-tern hemodialysis was found to include nine categories : emotional shock, feelings of isolation, burden, unclearness, dependency, help from others, coping strategies, maintenance of self-esteem and transitional life. 5. The intervening factors influencing each category are as follows : 1) The factors influencing 'emetional shock' were found to be set age, the level of knowledge received in advance, locus of control, the period of struggle against the disease before hemodialysis and whether any serious illness existed. 2) The factors influencing 'feelings of isolation' were found to be religion and the length of the hemodialysis experience. 3) The factors influencing 'burden' were found to be sex, economic situation, employment status and the length of the hemodialysis experience. 4) The factors influencing 'unclearness' were found to be sex, age, religion. economic situation, the length of the hemodiaysis experience, whether they had had a transfusion and whether there were any complications. 5) The factors influencing 'help from others' were found to be religion. economic situation, past experiences and whether family members lived together. 6) The factors influencing 'coping strategies' were foung to be age, level of education, experiences of illness and locus of control. 7) The factors influeruing 'maintenance of self-esteem' were found to be the length of the hemodialysis experience and self-actualization. 8) The factors influencing 'transitional life' were found to be age, religion, economic situation, employment status. locus of control. past experiences and whether there was a plan for a kidney transplant.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.52-64
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• 1995

로보트 매니퓰레이터는 고도의 비선형 시변 시스템으로써 정밀한 제어가 매우 어려운 제어 대상으로 인식되어 왔으며 따라서 수많은 제어이론의 적용대상이 되어왔다. 로보트 매니퓰레이터의 제어에는 두가지 형태가 있는데 한가지는 궤적계획이고, 또한가지는 궤적 추종이다. 본 논문에서는 궤적 추종을 목적으로 하고, 이를 위해 퍼지논리와 신경회로망을 결합한 지능형 제어를 제안한다. 제안된 제어시스템은 사고 및 추론과 같은 인간의 인식처리에 해당하는 불확실한 것들의 구체화를 가능케하는 퍼지논리와 학습 및 병렬처리능력이 있는 신경회로망을 융합하여 구성된 퍼지-신경망 제어시스템이다. 그러나 이러한 장점을 갖는 퍼지-신경망 제어기도 정확한 제어 규칙의 발생은 어려은데 이는 신경회로망의 지역적 최소치에 빠지는 특성에 기인한다고 볼 수 있다. 그리고 일반적으로 시스템의 비선형 정도는 탐색에 의해서만 알수 있는 성질의 것이므로 본 논문에서는 최적의 탐색알고리듬으로 널리 인정되고 있는 유전알고리듬을 사용하여 전역적이 규칙공간을 탐색한 후 이를 바탕으로 퍼지-신경망 제어기를 완성한다. 제안된 제어시스템의 효율성은 2자유도의 로보트 매니퓰레이터를 사용하여 컴퓨터의 모의실험을 통해 입증된다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1-24
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• 2007

With the development of information technology (IT), various information systems (IS) such as Web-based systems and mobile systems have appeared utilizing different technologies. However, recent studies on IS use and user satisfaction rarely account for technological differences among IS and environmental characteristics where IS are intended to be used. The purpose of this research is to investigate the determinants of the use of Web-based ticketing systems for cultural activities and to empirically validate their relationships. Environmental psychology suggests that human beings respond to external stimuli from environments with their emotions, and their emotional states influence human actions, e.g., IS use in this research. Applying environmental psychology to the use of Web-based systems in the culture and entertainment industry, we propose that web site characteristics first influence a user's internal state of mind (i.e., flow) and then the flow state influences the IS use. Studies related to the state of flow collectively affirm the key role played by the flow construct in shaping individual attitudes and behaviors toward IS. Users' flow states are captured by their shopping enjoyment, perceived behavioral control, and the level of concentration on the IS use. Referring to social presence theory, we have included such web site characteristics as content quality, context of web site, and community quality. In our research model, a second order construct is utilized to represent web site quality, because flow theory suggests that holistic experiences with web-based systems (rather than individual characteristics of the web site) are important in explaining the IS use. Further, we have included trust as another important factor influencing the IS use since business transactions on the web encompass higher uncertainty comparing to offline transactions. In order to test our hypotheses, we have conducted an online survey which results in 1,141 valid responses in the final sample. The data were collected from respondents who have experiences in Internet ticketing systems. Although it was a convenient sample, the sample represents a wide variety of user demographics. Validity and reliability of the research instrument were tested and research hypotheses were examined using PLS Graph 3.0. The results indicate that web site characteristics significantly influence the level of user concentration, user's enjoyment in shopping, and perceived behavioral control. Further, the use of Internet ticketing systems is influenced by users' flow states and trust in the web channel. User satisfaction is turned out to be affected by the use of Internet ticketing systems. Unlike extant research on the relationship between web site characteristics and its use, our study has found that, in the culture and entertainment industry, the impact of web site characteristics on IS use is mediated by a user's flow state. This finding has a practical implication that web site design should include as many features that enhance shopping enjoyment and concentration. Other practical implications of these findings and future research implications are also discussed.

• 사회경제평론
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.31-70
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• 2016

본 연구는 포스트 케인지언 경제학의 전개과정과 대안 경제학으로서의 가능성을 살펴본다. 비주류 경제학 중에서도 비주류 경제학이라고 칭해지는 포스트 케인지언 경제학은 현재 대안적 거시경제학으로서의 가능성을 어느 정도 인정받으며 외국에서는 비교적 활발한 논의가 되고 있다. 한국에서도 그간 여러 선행 연구가 있었지만, 여전히 학파에 대한 일반적인 소개가 제대로 이루어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구의 일차적 과제는 포스트 케인지언 경제학의 전개과정을 통해 학파의 현황을 소개하는 것이다. 이를 통해 비주류경제학인 포스트 케인지언 경제학이 대안 경제학으로 자리매김할지를 라카토슈의 '과학적 연구프로그램 방법론(methodology of scientific research programmes)'을 이용해서 확인하는 것이 본 연구의 이차적 과제이다. 연구의 순서는 다음과 같다. 먼저 포스트 케인지언 경제학의 전개과정을 살펴보고 포스트 케인지언 경제학의 특징을 주류경제학과 비교해서 분석한다. 이를 통해 포스트 케인지언 경제학과 주류경제학의 경계를 긋는다. 다음으로 라카토슈의 연구프로그램 방법론을 이용하여 포스트 케인지언 경제학의 연구프로그램으로의 완결성을 가름해 본다. 마지막으로 포스트 케인지언 경제학의 한계 및 앞으로의 과제를 제시한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.406-420
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• 2021

본 연구는 대학생들의 상담심리학 전공 인식에 관하여 Glaser의 근거이론 방법을 활용하였다. 상담심리학을 전공하는 3, 4학년 학생 중에서 19명의 학생이 연구에 참여하였는데, 5개월 동안 이들을 중심으로 개별 인터뷰 과정을 통하여 자료를 수집하였다. 자료를 분석한 결과로는 103개의 개념, 26개의 하위범주, 9개의 상위 범주, 1개의 핵심 범주가 도출되었다. 연구 결과로는 첫째, 참여자들은 사람들의 마음의 짐을 덜어주고 싶고, 치료자가 되고 싶은 희망을 품고 있었다. 둘째, 참여자 중에는 전공영역에 대한 자신의 성격과 적성면에서 '전공과 잘 어울린다.' '잘 선택했다.' '삶의 전환점이 되었다.' 등의 기쁨과 만족으로 인식하고 있었다. 그러나 적성의 부조화, 상담사 역할의 부담감, 전공에 대한 거부감 등, 전공의 부적합성을 인식하기도 하였다. 셋째, 참여자들이 전공 학습에서 유용성을 발휘하였을지라도 전공영역의 진로에 대한 인식은 고민과 갈등으로 작용하고 있었는데, 이들의 고민과 갈등은 앞으로 장기간 공부함으로 생기는 금전적 어려움, 직업적 열악한 조건, 감정소모가 심한 직업에 대한 부담감, 상담직에 대한 두려움, 학부 졸업의 한계, 진로의 불확실성 등에 관한 인식으로 전공 진로 선택의 걸림돌로 작용하였다. 넷째, 참여자들의 인터뷰 자료들을 분석한 결과 '이해와 성장 그리고 상담사의 꿈 실현 의지'라고 하는 핵심 범주를 도출하였다. 결론적으로 참여자들이 가진 전공 인식은 자신에 대한 변화와 성장 그리고 타인과의 건강한 관계 형성, 더불어 전공과 자신의 적성과의 적합성에 대한 만족 등은 진로에 대한 고민과 갈등 상황에서도 전문 상담사의 꿈을 실현하기 위한 지속적인 의지를 간직하는 것으로 드러났다.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.17-31
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• 2022

Purpose: With the development of the Internet, consumers can quickly access the electronic word-of-mouth. Consumers seek to reduce uncertainty by referring to the opinions of other consumers about products and services when making purchase decisions. In the food service industry, evaluating a restaurant before an actual visitation is difficult. Therefore, electronic word-of-mouth is important to interact with the customer in restaurants. as it can be used as an exchange of information in which consumers participate and interact with other customers. This study was conducted to verify how online word-of-mouth characteristics (Consensus, Vividness, Neutrality) on attitudes and visit intention from the perspective of social exchange theory. And it was performed to verify the structural relationship between short-term visit intention, mid-term visit and long-term visit intention. Research design, data, and methodology: A survey was conducted on customers who have visited restaurants. Of a total of 312 responses, 306 responses were used, excluding insincere responses and missing values for factors analysis. SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 25.0 were used for statistical analysis, and hypothesis testing was conducted after verifying the validity and reliability of the questionnaire items. Result: The result of the analysis showed that, consensus and neutrality have a positive effect on attitude but not much on vividness. In addition, consensus, vividness, and neutrality have no effect on the short-term visit intention. Finally, the short-term visit intention has a positive effect on mid-term visit intention, and mid-term visit intention has a positive effect on long-term visit intention. Conclusions: Based on the results, this study suggested that it is necessary to have practical implications for marketing and monitoring restaurant reviews in consideration of the characteristics of electronic word-of-mouth. When managing electronic-word-of-mouth, it is necessary to manage the consensus and neutrality is essential to provide sufficient information about the restaurant. The focus should not only be on vividness, such as photos and videos. In addition, restaurants should also provide a good experience for first-time visitors as the short-term visit intention positively affects mid-term and long-term visit intention.

• 벤처혁신연구
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.201-223
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• 2024

창업과 관련된 연구는 비교적 활발하게 이루어지고 있는 편이다. 본 연구에서는 비교적 연구가 적은 청년을 대상으로 한 창업과 관련하여 창업의도에 미치는 영향에 대해 실증 분석을 하였다. 특히 창업 멘토링의 역할에 대해 규명하고자 했다. 이를 위해 전국의 청년을 대상으로 설문조사를 하였고 이중 유효한 250부를 구조방정식 검정하였다. 실증분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 직무스트레스, 주관적 규범, 지각된 행동통제는 청년 창업의도에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 기술적 제약은 청년 창업의도에 유의한 부(-)의 영향을 미쳤다. 반면 미래불확실성과 실패부담감은 유의성이 검정되지 않았다. 청년 창업의도에 미치는 영향력의 크기는 지각된 행동통제, 직무스트레스, 기술적 제약, 주관적 규범 순이었다. 창업 멘토링을 받지 않은 집단이 창업 멘토링을 받은 집단보다 직무스트레스, 주관적 규범, 기술적 제약이 창업의도에 미치는 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과는 학술적으로는 PPM(Push-Pull-Mooring)과 TPB(Theory of Planned Behavior)를 결합한 모형의 창업분야 연구의 유용성을 검정한 것이며, 실무적으로는 창업 멘토링은 청년 창업의도에 미치는 부정적인 요소의 영향력을 감소시키는 효과가 있는 것을 밝혔다는데 의의가 있었다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.5-33
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• 1995

The objective of the study are two-fold: one is to explore the relationship between environment, organizational structure, and organizational effectiveness of public health centers in Korea, and the other is to examine the validity of contingency theory for improving the organizational structure of public health care agencies, with special emphasis on public health nursing administration. Accordingly, the conceptual model of the study consisted of three different concepts: environment, organizational structure, and organizational effectiveness, which were built up from the contingency theory. Data were collected during the period from 1st of May through 30th of June, 1990. From the total of 249 health centers in the country, one hundred and five centers were sampled non proportionally, according to the geopolitical distribution. Out of 105, 73 health centers responded to mailed questionnaire. The health centers were the unit of the study, and a various statistical analysis techniques were used: Reliability analysis(Cronbach's Alpha) for 4 measurement tools; Shapiro-Wilk statistic for normality test of measured scores of 6 variables: ANOVA, Pearson Correlaion analysis, regressional analysis, and canonical correlation analysis for the test of the relationships and differences between the variables. The results were. as follows : 1. No significant differences between forma lization, decision-making authority and environmental complexity were found(F=1.383, P=.24 ; F=.801, P=.37). 2. Negative relationships between formalization and decision-making authority for both urban and rural health centers were found(r=-.470, P=.002 ; r=-.348, P=.46). 3. No significant relationship between formalization and job satisfaction for both urban and rural health centers were found (r=-.242, P=.132, r=-.060, P=.739). 4. Significant positive relationship between decision - making authority and job satisfaction were found in urban health centers (r=.504, P=.0009), but no such relationship was observed in rural health centers. Regression coefficient between them was statistically significant($\beta=1.535$, P=.0002), and accuracy of regression line was accepted (W=.975, P= .420). 5. No significant relationships among formalization and family planning services, maternal health services, and tuberculosis control services for both urban and rural health centers were found. 6. Among decision-making authority and family planning services, maternal health services, and tuberculosis control services, significant positive relationship was found between de cision-making authority and family planning services(r=.286, P=.73). 7. A significant difference was found in maternal health services by the type of health centers (F=5.13, P=.026) but no difference was found in tuberculosis control services by the type of health centers, formalization, and decision-making authority. 8. A significant positive relationships were found between family planning services and maternal health services and tuberculosis control services, and between maternal health services and tuberculosis control services (r=-.499, P=.001 ; r=.457, P=.004 ; r=.495, P=.002) in case of urban health centers. In case of rural health centers, relationships between family planning services and tuberculosis control services, and between maternal health services and tuberculosis control services were statistically significant (r=.534, P=.002 ; r=.389, P=.027). No significant relationship was found between family planning and maternal health services. 9. A significant positive canonical correlation was found between the group of independent variables consisted of formalization and de cision-making authority and the group of dependent variables consisted of family planning services, maternal health services and tuberculosis control services(Rc=.455, P=.02). In case of urban health centers, no significant canonical correlation was found between them, but significant canoncial correlation was found in rural health centers(Rc=.578, P=.069), 10. Relationships between job satisfaction and health care productivity was not found significant. Through these results, the assumed relationship between environment and organizational structure was not supported in health centers. Therefore, the relationship between the organizational effectiveness and the congruence between environment and organizational structure that contingency theory proposes to exist was not able to be tested. However decision-making authority was found as an important variable of organizational structure affecting family planning services and job satisfaction in urban health centers. Thus it was suggested that decentralized decision making among health professionals would be a valuable strategy for improvement of organizational effectiveness in public health centers. It is also recommended that further studies to test contingency theory would use variability and uncertainty to define environment of public health centers instead of complexity.

• 복식
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• 제30권
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• pp.261-274
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• 1996

In the present age dominate by both cer-taingty of 1% and uncertainty of 99% 'Fuzzy thinking' of Bart Kosko that is the way to solve the problems by the scientific way through a worldview of Buddhism or Taoism greatly prevails around the world over 'Lateral greatly prevails around the world over 'Lateral thinking' and the authenticity or the right and-wrong of the uncertainty which is the thinking way to find the answer of the problems of illogical way of Edward de Beno against the western vertical thinking were Concurrently fashion designers over the world also adopt the oriental elements. But there exist differences of thoughts between the orient and the occident. And they have dif-ferent thinking way of aestheticism and references of the value on the beauty. Not only beauty but the view through the mind as intuitional thought in which not only the rec-ognition of sense but also the rationalism and the naturalness play key role. The aesthetic sense in the orient contains both the truth and virtue. 2) The beauty of the mean It's from the thought of neutralization of Confucius. The mean or moderation state which in harmony with ethical virtue and aes-thetic beauty is the ideal and is the ultimate. Therefore the thought of Confucian is the creativity in which the balance and the har-mony is most important. Fashion design is also one of the representation of the mean because the spirit of the designer is harmonized for-mlessly with the object of the model of the fashion design. 2) The beauty of skillfulness It indicates the Taoism of Lao-tzu and Chuangtzu. It takes a super-artistic declar-ation that human can feel and recognize the color of colorlessness the sound of sound-lessness and the taste of tastelessness. The thought of arts affected by Taoism is 'ad-vanced age' called the beauty of skillfulness. The view of arts of lao-tzu takes the beauty of cosmos and the nature as a standard. Es-pecially the beauty of inactivity is recognized by the linkage between the beauty and the ugliness. And these things appear in fashion design as a design element such as humor or exaggeration. 3) The beauty of non-dualism It is thought of Buddhism that all evil passions of worry occur form the opposition in dualism. Finally this thought leads to that everything is consistent and truth is only one from the point of view that virtue and vice has on linkage that is 'no virtues no vices' and 'one with two, two, with one, one is not two' A big tendency like this became the root forma-tion of the thought of the oriental arts. 3. Characteristics of the oriental aesthetic sense on the present fashion design 1) The formation of the fashion design on the oriental elements In the picture-incantation which was a representation of an era when the thought of 'cosmic dual forces' dominated the basic polygons of 'a circle square triangle' means both 'one two three' and 'the negative positive mean' of cosmic elements. From this point of view the was of planner cutting in the Orient is dif-ferent from that of the Occidental which is in three-dimensional. The planner polygon type of the cut-pieces comes to have the meaning of the three-dimension when they consist of a suit that has the combination of each cut-piece. This shows the consistency with the principle of cosmos creation of Taoism that one is two two is three and three is every-thing. 2) The coloring and the symbolic represen-tation of the fashion design on the orien-tal elements The sense on the colors in the Orient from the thought of 'the cosmic dual forces and the five elements' is not the experi-enced from the knowledge but contains the consideration of philosophy Five-primary-color representing compass directions Blue(East) Red(South) Yellow(Center) White (West) and Black (North) is called ' the posi-tive' for this five-primary-color secondary-color which comes from the compound of the primary colors is called 'the negative' The thought of 'the cosmic dual forces and the five elements' is also an theory containing the natural order of the cos-mos and this shows the perceptional differ-ence that they are not conceptual but to be recognized and fell directly. A thought of Buddhism which is 'Colors are colorlessness and Clolorlessness are color's proves that. 3) The pattern and symbolic representation of the fashion design on the oriental elements The pattern as a visual style is a figure of symbolic representation which adopt the mental and physical world of human and are the compo-sition of artistic revelation of the human nature and the religous thought of incantation. Es-pecially the symbolic representation of the oriental thought of Confusion. Buddhism and Taoism There are patterns such as plants aminals the oriental four gods and geometry. From the above it's the time toward the 21'th century when the world is constructing one global area and one historical zone. And the exotic mood of the Orient represented in the fashion which doesn't make the common feeling in general does not cease to develop only to express the visual modeling but also adopts the thought religion and the art which are the root of the Orientail and contains inherent willing of modeling.