• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.3-33
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• 2010

Paperless trade is a new trade paradigm that has innovated on traditional trade procedures, which relied on manual work in the past, and applied an IT-based e-document standard. To realize paperless trade in Korea, a lot of efforts have been made. Korea has overcome many difficulties, a lack of awareness, trials and errors, etc. at the initial introduction stage and strived to establish a stable infrastructure through the government's policy support and active cooperation with the trade business communities and related organizations. Now, Korea became a well-known leader in IT industry, especially in the paperless trade infrastructure and strategic policies. The one-stop trading system named 'uTradeHub' is operated by a paperless trade service provider, Korea Trade Network(KTNET). uTradeHub includes trade finance and settlement, customs clearance and export and import logistics, improving trading procedures and reducing related expenses. Private-Public joint efforts from Korean government and private sectors which have respectively fulfilled their role and function with market-oriented practical policies and strategies has lead Korea a world leading country in paperless trade. Moreover, Korea expended its efforts to the global areas. Korea has started to activate multi-national paperless trade alliances such as PAA(Pan-Asia e-Commerce Alliance), ASEAL(Asia Europe Alliance for Paperless Trading) as well as established the bilateral cooperative networks with China and Taiwan. The one-stop trading system, uTradeHub should keep close cooperations between nations since trade itself is implemented in a cross-border ways. In the near future, it is expected uTradeHub can achieve best results in the simplification of procedures and cost savings when an international linkage is completely established with international cooperations.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.83-90
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• 2017

In the past, when the credit card was delivered to the customer, the postal agreement and receipt were signed by customer. The repossessed documents were sent back to the card company through the reorganization process. The card company checks the error by scanning and keeps it in the document storage room. This process is inefficient in cost and personnel due to delivery time, document print out, document sorting, image scanning, inspection work, and storage. Also, the risk of personal data spill is very high in the process of providing personal information. The proposed system is a service that receives a postal agreement and a receipt to a recipient when signing a credit card, signing the mobile image instead of paper, and automatically sending it to the card company server. We have designed a system that can protect the cost of paper documents, complicated work procedures, delivery times and personal information. In this study, we developed 'u-paperless' and secure credit card delivery system applying electronic document and security system.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.51-79
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• 2011

Korea has accomplished the establishment of the National Single Window for Paperless Trade. Since 1991, it has developed Trade Automation Service System based on EDI technology. In 2003, Korean government and private sectors jointly began to set up National Paperless Trade Service( e-Trade Service) as one of the e-government projects. In 2008, they commenced the uTradeHub Service which was equipped with Internet based e-B/L and e-Nego service systems for the first time in the world To facilitate the service Korea amended its e-Trade facilitation Act and Law by 2007. At the end of 2011, Korea historically recorded its trade volume of 1 trillion US dollars and joined '$1 trillion trade club' as the 9the member country since the country had started international trade less than five decades ago. A rolling out of the e-B/L and e-Nego service will 'ally reduce the transaction costs of trading businesses and accelerate the activation e-trade services. The purposes of the study are to examine 'e-B/L Korea' service and its facilitation strategies as well as identify obstacles to utilize the 'e-B/L Korea' service. The paper reviewed and analyzed Korea's Paperless trade system and distinctive characteristics of the 'e-B/L Korea Service. Parts of the fOWld distinctive characteristics of the Korea's e-B/L service are as follows; It is well equiped with IT and legal system. It also has more that 30,000 potential users who are already uTradeHub service users. The paper indicated several weaknesses of the current system such as global KPI issues, circulation of the electronic documents not only in the domestic market but also among economies, development of the electronic Bill of Exchange. As resolution measures, the paper recommended the introduction of mutual recognition system of PKI among trade partner counties, setting up e-trade solution for small and medium companies, and special attention to raise users' awareness of the e-B/L service.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.177-189
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• 2020

The OECD has assessed Korea as the third highest in trade facilitation worldwide. The paperless trade of Korea is world class based on uTradeHub : national e-trade service's infrastructure for trade community. Over 800 trade-related document standards provide interoperability of message exchange and trade process automation among exporters, importers, banks, customs, airlines, shippers, forwarders and trade authorities. Most one-to-one unit processes are perfectly paperless & online; however, from the perspective of process flow, there is a lack of streamlining end-to-end trade processes spread over many different parties. This situation causes the trade community to endure repetitive-redundant load for handling trade documents. The trade community has a strong demand for seamless trade flow. For streamlining the trade process, processes with data should flow seamlessly to multilateral parties. Flowing data with an optimized process is the critical success factor to accomplish seamless trade. This study proposes four critical digital trade infrastructures as a platform service : (1) data-centric Intelligent Document Recognition(IDR), (2) data-driven Digital Document Flow (DDF), (3) platform based Digital Collaboration & Communication(DCC), and (4) new digital Trade Facilitation Index (dTFI) for precise assessment of K-Trade Digital Trade Framework. The results of new dTFI analyses showed that redundant reentry load was reduced significantly over the whole trade and logistics process. This study leads to the belief that if put into real-world application can provide huge economic gains by building a new global value chain of the K-trade eco network. A new digital trade framework will be invaluable in promoting national soft power for enhancing global competitiveness of the trade community. It could become the advanced reference model of next trade facilitation infrastructure for developing countries.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.53
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• pp.233-264
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• 2012

This study proposes and verifies an integrated model that reflects and helps to explain complexities and comprehensiveness of e-Trade in practice. The primary objective was to widen and deepen our understanding about the phenomena of paperless trading which will enable us to formulate an effective means to promote the adoption and utilization of e-Trade infrastructure. This investigation combined and extended the theories and models of TAM, TOE framework, and TTF in order to identify and hypothesize the causal relationships between factors of technology, organization and environment, and the usage level and performance of e-Trade. The previous research on e-Trade was reviewed and incorporated into the extended model. The integrated model was tested based on the survey data collected from a sample of 417 trading firms. Overall, the regression and path analysis demonstrated the usefulness of the proposed model as a conceptual framework for better understanding and explanation of e-Trade. The result of the analysis implies the relevancy of the factors of technology, organization and environment for facilitating usage of and increasing performance of e-Trade. However, rejection of a few hypothesized relationships implies the necessity of extensive promotion and education about the related laws and regulations, and education, supervision and incentives for e-Trade practitioners.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.12B
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• pp.1407-1417
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• 2009

We propose a e-document management system that can provide segmented page information on a document according to different levels of authority from access control environment. The proposed system creates hierarchy identifier using a one-way hash chain and therefore does not need to own key information for all users as in existing system. Also by creating group keys by compounding hash chain hierarchy identifier with randomly formed group identifier, the system can flexibly respond to dynamic changes from group member movements while at the same time resolving the problems of key formation and management in document encoding technique using symmetric key for each page. Lastly as a result of comparative analysis through an experiment with existing e-document management systems, the proposed system showed superiority in the efficiency of encoding and decoding document and the speed of encoding and decoding by the pages.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.357-379
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• 2013

Recently, the government was introduced as currency for earning of raw materials purchasing system for electronic Government management of foreign trade in 2011, and revised regulations for electronic proof of purchase. In addition, the currency for earning of raw materials, such as procurement system in 2012, followed by electronic proof of purchase local letter of credit. The government electronic trading will be promoting local trading of electronic procedures. This study will be a preceding research on the goods control system for acquiring foreign currency and the obligation of using digitalized approval of purchase due to the revision of foreign trade law. Also, it will conduct theoretical and legal research regarding the obligation of digital establishment of the local L/C which is a result of amendments to the rules of operation for the Bank of Korea's trade finance. Further, it will analyze the legal and operational problems and its response plans for the establishment of the local trade integrated management system which promotes the digitalization of the local trade process.