• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.402-405
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• 2005

We have previously identified genes for four different protease inhibitors (PIs) that were induced upon rice blast infection in a rice blast resistant mutant SHM-11. Our expression analysis of the PIs indicated that induction of the PIs was the highest 24 hr after rice blast inoculation in the rice mutant SHM-11. Three PIs in the group of serine PIs were highly expressed while a cystein PI was weakly expressed upon rice blast inoculation. Four PIs were weakly induced 48 hr after pathogen inoculation in rice blast susceptible wild type rice plant. The simultaneous expression of three serine PIs was apparent from SHM-11 and two of them were induced in rice blast resistant Taebaegbyeo. One of them was induced in rice blast resistant Hwayeongbyeo while none of them were expressed in rice blast susceptible Nagdongbyeo and rice blast resistant Dongjinbyeo. Our results suggest that the expression of PI gene is rice cultivar specific and may be linked with the rice blast resistance in a specific rice mutant by the simultaneous expression of the PI genes.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.107-113
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• 2008

In this study, we have investigated the effect of panaxatriol (PT) on phosphoinositides (PIS) breakdown and $Ca^{2+}$-elevation in thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. Thrombin (5U/ml), a potent platelet agonist which activates phospholipase $C_{\beta}$ via protease activated receptor (PAR), hydrolyzed PIS in platelet membrane. The phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate $(PIP_2)$ was hydrolyzed after 10 sec of the thrombin-stimulation, and both the phosphatidylinositol 4-monophosphate (PIP) and phosphatidylinositol (PI) were brokendown after 30 sec of the thrombin-stimulation. However, PT inhibited the thrombin-stimulated hydrolysis of $PIP_2$, PIP, and PI. On the other hand, thrombin increased the level of phosphatidic acid (PA) which is phosphorylated from diacylglycerol (DG) generated by PIS-hydrolysis. However, Pr inhibited the thrombin-increased PA level non-significantly. Thrombin increased cytosolic free $Ca^{2+}([Ca^{2+}])_i$) up to 72% as compared with control $(30.8{\pm}0.9 nM)$ in intact platelet. However, PT (100 ${\mu}g/ml$) inhibited the thrombin-elevated $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ to 100%. These results suggest that PT may have a beneficial effect on platelet aggregation-mediated thrombotic disease by inhibiting thrombin-induced platelet aggregation via suppression of the $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ level and PIS breakdown.

• 응용통계연구
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1077-1091
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• 2008

정보화 지수 등 사회의 현상을 특정 지수로 계량화하기 위한 연구에서 설문조사가 많이 활용된다. 그런데, 설문지로 개인의 능력과 같은 정성적 부분을 측정하게 되면, 설문에 응하는 사람의 주관적 판단이 개입될 수 밖에 없다. 그리므로 설문지에 표현된 개인의 주관적인 점수를 비교적 객관적 점수로 변경하는 방법이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 설문조사로 개인의 정보화 수준을 측정하여 이를 기초로 지역의 정보화 수준을 산출하고자 할 때, 개인의 주관적 설문 점수를 스코어카드를 사용하여 비교적 객관적 점수로 변경하는 과정을 소개한다. 스코어카드 작성 시 로짓모형을 사용하였다. 본 연구를 통해 지역의 인구통계학적 분포로 지역의 정보격차를 비교측정 할 수 있는 단초를 제공하였다고 할 수 있다.