• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.88-92
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• 2010

DNA structure studies attract many interests in pharmaceutical, biochemical and medical disciplines. Among them, base pairs play a vital role in biological information transfer. Therefore, they need to be analyzed in various ways and the pair of guaninine and cytosine is the present analytical object. Separation of guanine and cytosine was researched by Aspen chromatography simulator and HPLC(High Performance Liquid Chromatography) experiments. Aspen chromatography simulation resulted in various chromatograms with changes of sample concentration, eluent flow rate and number of plate. The resolutions and yields of guanine and cytosine were calculated to obtain a best separation condition. $C_{18}$ HPLC column and water/methanol/acetic acid mixture(90/10/0.2) were used for separation of guanine and cytosine. HPLC parameters(resolution and number of theoretical plate) were calculated under different flow rates and sample concentrations. Aspen chromatography simulation and HPLC experimental results were compared with fair agreement.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.120-129
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• 2000

This study was designed to study on major components of various Bee Venom(Bee Venom by electrical stimulation in Korea; K-BV I, Bee Venom by Microwave stimulation in Korea; K-BV II, 0.5mg/ml, Fu Yu Pharmaceutical Factory, China; C-BV, 1mg/ml, Monmouth Pain Institute, Inc., U.S.A.; A-BV) using HPLC(High performance liquid chromatography). The results were summarized as follows : 1. HPLC method is useful for analysis of Bee Venom when solution rate is above 1:4000. 2. Analysis of Apamin using HPLC, the Retention time was 8.7min, and standard measurement curve was a function of y=4E+06x+21245. 3. Analysis of Melittin using HPLC, the Retention time was 29.0 min, and standard measurement curve was a function of y=4E+06x+23015. 4. Concentration of Melittin was about 297times than Apamin in K-BV I, and about 329times in K-BV II at same 1:500 solution rate, abnormally about 12 times in C-BV at 1:4000 solution rate. 5. Chinese Bee Venom using HPLC, the point from 5 to 7min(Retention time) showed a big extraordinary peak. These data from the study can be applied to establish the standard measurement of Bee Venom and prevent pure bee venom from mixing of another components. I think it is desirable to study more about safety of Bee Venom as time goes by.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.385-390
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• 1999

HPLC method usually has been used for the determination of ATP and its related compounds in fish muscle and fish sauce. But, total amount of ATP related compounds in fish sauce is determined less than that of fish muscle. In order to establish the extract analysis method for ATP related compounds in fish sauce, a new enzymatic method was developed and compared with existing HPLC method. Fish sauce was extracted with chilled perchloric acid and neutralized to Ph 7.0 with potassium hydroxide solution, the extract was used as sample analyzed by HPLC as usual. On the other hand, for sample analyzed by enzymatic method, 1 ml extract solution was pipetted into test tube. To the tube, 0.5ml of mixed suspension adenosinedeaminase (4U), nucleosidephosphorylase (0.02U) and xanthineoxidase (0.03U) suspended in 2.0ml of 1/15 M sodium phosphate buffer solution pH 7.6 and 1.5ml deionized water wereadded for the decomposition of IMP, HxR and Hx to uric acid at $37^{\circ}C$ for 40 minutes. Total uric acid was determined by measuring optical density at 290nm. In HPLC method, salt decreased the total amount of ATP related compounds by $13.6\~16.2\%$ at $2.5\%$ concentration, but no effect in enzymatic method. IMP, HxR and Hx were detected at 254nm, while uric acid at only 290nm. The ratio of the total amount of ATP related compounds by HPLC method was about $45\%$ of that by enzymatic method in fish sauce. Form these results, enzymatic method is more accurate and simple than HPLC method for analysis of ATP related compounds in fish sauce.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.903-908
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• 2006

Various extraction procedures were investigated using reference materials and samples to evaluate extraction efficiency and effectiveness. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to measure total arsenic and to quantitate arsenic species when coupled to an HPLC (high pressure liquid chromatography). Arsenic species were extracted from rice flour (NIST SRM 1568a) with water/methanol mixtures using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE). Total arsenic extraction efficiency ranged from 42 to 64%, for water and various methanol concentrations. From spinach (NIST SRM 1570), freeze-dried apple, and rice flour (NIST SRM 1568a), arsenic species were extracted with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) at 100 ${^{\circ}C}$. Total arsenic extraction efficiency was 90% for spinach, 75% for freeze-dried apple, and 83% for rice flour. Enzymatic extraction with alpha-amylase and sonication resulted in extraction efficiency of 104% for rice flour, 98% for freeze-dried apple, and 7% for spinach. Chromatograms of arsenic species extracted by the optimum extraction methods were obtained, and the species were quantified. Arsenite (As(III)), arsenate (As(V)), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) were found in the apple sample, and DMA and As(V) in the rice flour sample. As(V) and MMA were found in three herbal dietary supplement samples.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.680-683
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• 2003

Through the screening of caspase-3 inducing inhibitors in U937 human monocytic leukemia cell from natural sources, Caesalpiniae sappan, which showed a high level of inhibition, was selected. The inhibition compound was purified from methanol extract by silica gel column chromatography and HPLC. The inhibitor was identified as brazilin by spectroscopic methods of ESI-MS, $^1H-NMR$, and $^{13}C-NMR$. Brazilin showed inhibitory activity of caspase-3 induction, a major protease of apoptosis cascade, with $IC_{50}$ value of $4.5\;{\mu}g/mL$ after 7 hr of treatment in U937 cells.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.61-66
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• 2008

Objecives : Aucklandiae Radix is a root of Aucklandia lappa which has been widely used for regulating the flow of vital energy, invigorating the spleen, alleviating pain. Aucklandiae Radix contains the costunolide which is the main ingredient. The substitutive Aucklandiae Radix are Inulae helenii Radix, Aristolchiae Radix, Vladimiriae Radix, and Inulae racemosi Radix in Korea and China. This paper is analysised and compared the costunolide and HPLC pattern in Aucklandiae Radix and substitute herbs. Methods : Chromatographic separation performed using C18 column(Luna 5 u, 250 mm ${\times}$ 4.6 mm) with a mixture of methanol and water(65:35)(v/v). The analyses detected at UV(210 nm). Results : Optimal extraction condition of costunolide was 100% methanol for 2hr. Costunolide was detected in Aucklandiae Radix and Vladimiriae Radix, but other herbs were not detected. In Korea herbal market, Aristolchiae Radix merchandise was identified as the imported Inulae helenii Radix. Conclusions : According to above results, this method was useful identified to Aucklandiae Radix and substitutive herbs. In Korea herbal market, Aristolchiae Radix was identified as Inulae helenii Radix.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.867-873
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• 2023

In this study, for the purpose of standardized quality control of a cold medicine, we simultaneous analyzed four main chemical components of a cold medicine: acetaminophen, caffeine, methyl paraben, and propyl paraben. The sample was subjected to quantitative analysis using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), after pretreatment of four components. The experiment was carried out by using Isocratic elution at wavelength of 270nm. Acetonitrile and water (H₂O) were used as a mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0mL/min in a commercial C18 reversed-phase column. A volume of 10uL cold medicine were injected into the column with column oven temperature at 35℃. As a result of the experiment, the values of Resolution were 4.983, 1.596, 5.519, and 1.678 respectively-well over Rs >1.5, which indicates that the separation of four components were efficient. In addition, value of symmetry factor of the components was 1.056, 1.069, 1.032, and 1.133 respectively, to show its symmetrical stability. The calibration curve of all four components exhibits good linearity with R² >0.9995 to 0.9999. Furthermore, the limit of detection(LOD) were between 0.0118 to 1.5973 mg/mL, while the limit of quantification (LOQ) were between 0.0353 to 4.7919 ㎍/mL with the recovery rate of 79.6% ~ 120.5%. The results of this study showed an efficient quality evaluation of a simultaneous analysis method for cold medicine components.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.9
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• pp.946-950
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• 2009

In the course of screening for apoptotic substances that induce apoptosis in human leukemia U937 cells, a fungal strain, F000487, which exhibits potent inducible activity, was selected. The active compound was purified from an ethyl acetate extract of the microorganism by Sep-pak $C_{18}$ column chromatography and HPLC, and was identified as atromentin by spectroscopic methods. This compound induced caspase-3 processing in human leukemia U937 cells. The caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) were induced by atromentin in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, DNA fragmentation was also induced by this compound in a dose-dependent manner. These results show that atromentin potently induces apoptosis in U937 cells and that atromentin-induced apoptosis is related to the selective activation of caspases.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.297-300
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• 1993

Six flavonoid compounds from the ethyl acetate fraction of Machilus thunbergii leaves were identified by HPLC. Separation by reversed phase chromatography on u-Bondapak C18 column was achieved by isocratic elution. The contents of the major flavonoids, guaijaverin and quercitrin were about 0.48% (w/w) and 0.98% (w/w) for the methanol extract, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.448-453
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• 2000

During the screening of inhibitors of caspase-3 induction in U937 human monocytic leukemia cells from natural sources, Petasites japonicum, which showed a high level of inhibition was selected. The inhibiting compound was purified from the methanol extract by Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and HPLC. The inhibitor was identified as [3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-2-oxopropyl]ester, petasiphenol, by spectroscopic methods of UV, EIMS, $^1H-NMR$, $^{13}C-NMR$ and HMBC. It showed a caspase-3 inducing inhibitory activity at $8\;{\mu}g/ml$ of $IC_{50}$ value with DNA fragmentation inhibition in U937 human leukemia cells. It also showed a free radical scavenging ability of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl.