• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 유체기계공업학회 2006년 제4회 한국유체공학학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.401-402
• /
• 2006

The turbulent flow around a sphere was investigated using two experimental techniques: smoke-wire flow visualization in wind tunnel at Re=5300, 11000 and PIV measurements in a circulating water channel. The smoke-wire visualization shows flow separation points near an azimuthal angle of $90^{\circ}$, recirculating flow, transition from laminar to turbulent shear layer, evolving vortex roll-up and fully turbulent eddies in the sphere wake. The mean velocity field measured using a PIV technique in x-y center plane demonstrates the detailed near-wake structure such as nearly symmetric recirculation region, two toroidal vortices, laminar separation, transition and turbulent eddies. The PIV measurements of turbulent wake in y-z planes show that a recirculating vortex pair dominates the near-wake region.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제30권4호
• /
• pp.364-372
• /
• 2006

The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency and the prediction accuracy of developed large eddy simulation (LES) program for complex turbulent flows, such as recirculating and swirling flows. To save the computational cost, a Beowulf cluster system consisting 16 processors was constructed. The flows in backward-facing step and dump combustor were examined as representative recirculating and swirling flows. Firstly, a direct numerical simulation (DNS) for laminar backward-facing step flows was previously conducted to validate the overall performance of program. Then LES was carried out for turbulent backward-facing step flows. The results of laminar flow showed a qualitative and quantitative agreement between simulations and experiments. The simulations of the turbulent flow also showed reasonable results. Secondly, LES results for non-swirling and swirling flows in a dump combustor were compared with the results of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) using standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ model. The results show that LES has a better performance in predicting the mean axial and azimuthal velocities, comer recirculation zone (CRZ) and center toroidal recirculation zone (CTRZ) than those of RANS. Finally, it was examined the capability of LES for the description of unsteady phenomena.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.446-455
• /
• 1994

An experimental study is conducted for the turbulent recirculating flow behind a backward-facing step when the oscillating jet is issued sinusoidally through a thin slit at the separation edge. Two key parameters are dealt with in the present experiment, i.e., the amplitude of forcing and the forcing frequency. The Reynolds number based on the step height is varied from 25,000 to 35,000. In order to investigate the effect of local forcing, turbulent structures are scrutinized for both the flow of forcing and the flow of no forcing. The growth of shear layer with a local forcing is larger than that of no forcing. The influence of a local forcing brings forth the decrease of reattachment length and the particular frequency gives a minimum reattachment length. The most effective frequency depends on the non-dimensional frequency, St/sub .theta./, based on the momentum thickness at the separation point. A comparative study leads to the conclusion that the large-scale vortical structure is strongly associated with the forcing frequency and the natural flow instability.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.138-149
• /
• 1986

본 연구에서는 위의 방법을 수정 발전시켜 완전확립된 난류유동과 열전달장을 해석하였다. 본 연구에서 해석한 유동장은 Fig.3과 같이 내관 외면에 직사각형 인공 조도를 갖고 외관은 매끈한 이중동심원관내의 유동이며, 해의 정확성을 높이기 위하여 Leschziner & Rodi의 유선곡률모델을 수정보완하여 사용하였으며 수치해석의 오류확산 을 감소시키기 위하여 QUICK 해법을 사용하였다.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
• /
• 제13권3호
• /
• pp.372-377
• /
• 2010

The objective of this study is to predict the drag of an axisymmetric underwater vehicle with bluff afterbody using CFD. FLUENT, commercial CFD code, is used to simulate high Reynolds number turbulent flows around the vehicle. The computed drag coefficients are compared to available experimental data at various Reynolds numbers. Four widely used two-equation turbulence models are investigated to evaluate their performance of predicting the anisotropic turbulence in a recirculating flow region, which is caused by flow separation arising from the base of the vehicle. The simulations with Realizable ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ and ${\kappa}-{\omega}$ SST turbulence models predict the anisotropic turbulent flows comparatively well and the drag prediction results with those models show good agreements with the experimental data.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.1510-1520
• /
• 1996

An experimental study on the flow over the axisymmetric backward-facing step was carried out. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of the separating streamline curvature on the reattachment length and to understand the structure of recirculating flows. Local mean and fluctuating velocity components were measured in the separating and reattaching axisymmetric region of turbulent boundary layer on the wall of convex cylinder placed in a water tunnel by using 2-color 4-beam fiber optics laser Doppler velocimetry. The study demonstrates that the reattachment length increases with increasing separating streamline curvature. It is also observed that the reverse flow velocity and turbulent kinetic energy increase with an increase in the separating streamline curvature. In addition, the behavior of maximum turbulent stresses show that the effect of separating streamline curvature is larger in the region of recirculating zone(X/H<2) than in the region of reattachment point.

• 한국추진공학회지
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.22-31
• /
• 1997

비직교 일반좌표계를 사용하는 범용 연소유동해석 프로그램을 개발하여 재순환영역을 가지는 연소유동 등을 해석하였다. 본 프로그램은 유한체적법에 근간을 둔 비엇갈림격자계를 사용하며 직교좌표 속도성분을 종속변수로 하였다. 연소모델은 무한반응속도의 1단계 비가역 반응을 고려하였으며, 밀도가중평균된 지배방정식을 고려하였다. Conserved Scalar의 확률밀도함수를 clipped gauss 분포로 가정하였다 본 프로그램을 사용하여 재순환영역을 가지는 난류확산화염을 계산하였다. 계산결과는 실험결과와 마찬가지로 두개의 재순환영역을 보였으며, 속도, 난류운동에너지, 온도 및 농도 등이 실험결과와 양호하게 일치하는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.12-24
• /
• 2016

The standard ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ and realizable ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ models are adopted to improve the prediction performance on the recirculating flow. In this paper, the backward facing step flows are used to assess the prediction performance of the recirculation zone. The model constants of turbulence model are obtained by the experimental results and they have a different value according to the flow. In the case of an isotropic flow situation, decaying of turbulent kinetic energy should follow a power law behavior. In accordance with the power law, the coefficients for the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy are not universal. Also, the other coefficients as well as the dissipation coefficient are not constant. As a result, a suitable coefficients can be varied according to each of the flow. The changes of flow over the backward facing step in accordance with model constants of the ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ models show that the reattachment length is dependent on the growth rate(${\lambda}$) and the ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ models can be improved the prediction performance by changing the model constants about the recirculating flow. In addition, it was investigated for the curvature correction effect of the ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ models in the recirculating flow. Overall, the curvature corrected ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ models showed an excellent prediction performance.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.70-77
• /
• 1986

본 논문에서는 재순환 영역이 존재하는 축대칭 난류 확산화염 구조예측의 전 단계로서, 이미 발표된 바있는 필자의 실험 데이터를 바탕으로 하여 등온유동에 서의 난류모델을 검토한다. 유선의 곡률이 큰 유동에 2방정식 모델을 적용함은 큰 결점을 보완한 수정-2방정식모델을 채택하여 실험결과와 비교, 검토하여 모델의 타당성을 조사하였다.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국가시화정보학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.50-53
• /
• 2005

The turbulent flow around a sphere was investigated in a streamwise meridian plane using two experimental techniques: smoke-wire flow visualization in wind tunnel at Re=5,300 and PIV measurements in a circulating water channel at Re=7,400. The smoke-wire visualization shows flow separation points near an azimuthal angle of $90^{\circ}$, recirculating flow, transition from laminar to turbulent shear layer, evolving vortex roll-up and fully turbulent eddies in the sphere wake. In addition, the mean flow pattern extracted by particle tracing method in water tunnel at Re= 14,500 reveals two distinct comparable toroidal(not closed) vortices in the recirculation region. The mean velocity field measured using a PIV technique demonstrates the detailed wake configuration of close symmetric recirculation and near-wake configuration with two toroidal vortices, reversed velocity zone and vorticity contours.