• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.73-79
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• 2010

We investigated the microtubule dynamics, including the inheritance of donor centrosomes and the mitotic spindle assembly occurring during the first mitosis of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos in pigs. SCNT embryos were fixed 15 min and 1 h after fusion in order to assess the inheritance pattern of the donor centrosome. The distribution and dynamic of the centrosome and microtubule during the first mitotic phase of SCNT embryos were also evaluated. The frequency of embryos evidencing $\gamma$-tubulin spots (centrosome) was 93.2% in the SCNT embryos 15 min after fusion. In the majority of the SCNT embryos (61.5%), however, no centrosome was observed 1 h after fusion. The frequency of the embryos with no or abnormal mitotic spindles 20 h after fusion was 19.6%. The $\gamma$-tubulin spots were detected near the nuclei of somatic cells regardless of cell cycle phase, whereas $\gamma$-tubulin spots in the SCNT embryos were observed only during the inter-anaphase transition. These results showed that the donor centrosome is inherited into the SCNT embryos, but failed to assemble the normal mitotic spindles during first mitotic phase in some SCNT embryos.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.540-552
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• 2019

To determine the chemopreventive potential of alyssin and iberin, the in vitro anticancer activities and molecular targets of isothiocyanates (ITCs) were measured and compared to sulforaphane in hepatocellular carcinoma cell HepG2. The SR-FTIR spectra observed a similar pattern vis-a-vis the biomolecular alteration amongst the ITCs-treated cells suggesting a similar mode of action. All of the ITCs in this study cause cancer cell death through both apoptosis and necrosis in concentration dependent manner ($20-80{\mu}M$). We found no interactions of any of the ITCs studied with DNA. Notwithstanding, all of the ITCs studied increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and suppressed tubulin polymerization, which led to cell-cycle arrest in the S and $G_2/M$ phase. Alyssin possessed the most potent anticancer ability; possibly due to its ability to increase intracellular ROS rather than tubulin depolymerization. Nevertheless, the structural influence of alkyl chain length on anticancer capabilities of ITCs remains inconclusive. The results of this study indicate an optional, potent ITC (viz., alyssin) because of its underlying mechanisms against hepatic cancer. As a consequence, further selection and development of effective chemotherapeutic ITCs is recommended.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2018

Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) has been known to be a critical element in cell division including centrosome maturation, cytokinesis and spindle formation in somatic, cancer, and mammalian embryonic cells. In particular, Plk1 is highly expressed in cancer cells. Plk1 inhibitors, such as BI2536, have been widely used to prevent cell division as an anticancer drug. In this study, the fertilized murine oocytes were treated with BI2536 for 30 min after recovery from the oviduct to investigate the effect of down-regulation of Plk1 in the in vivo-fertilized murine embryos. Then, the localization and expression of Plk1 was observed by immunofluorescence staining. The sperm which had entered into the oocyte cytoplasm did not form male pronuclei in BI2536-treated oocytes. The BI2536-treated oocytes showed significantly lower expression of Plk1 than non-treated control group. In addition, alpha-tubulin and Plk1 gathered around sperm head in non-treated oocytes, while BI2536-treated oocytes did not show this phenomenon. The present study demonstrates that the Plk1 inhibitor, BI2536, hinders fertilization by inhibiting the formation of murine male pronucleus.

• 대한영상의학회지
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• 제81권5호
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• pp.1246-1249
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• 2020

튜불린병증, 즉 튜불린 유전자의 변이는 복합 뇌피질 발달 기형의 원인으로 알려져 있다. 그중에서 TUBB3 유전자가 기형의 원인인 사례는 매우 드물어 이를 보고하고자 한다. 21개월 남아가 발달지연을 주소로 내원하였다. 환아는 혼자 걷지 못하였고 구사 가능한 단어가 5개 이내였다. 신체검사상 우측 내사시와 양하지 근력저하가 관찰되었다. 뇌 자기공명영상에서 뇌간의 이형성, 기저핵의 이형성 및 과형성 소견이 보였고 우측 시상의 크기가 좌측보다 작았으며 붕괴된 소뇌이랑의 소견이 보였다. DNA 염기서열 분석 결과 TUBB3 유전자의 과오돌연변이가 확인되었다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.612-617
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• 2006

포스포리파제 C-감마1$(phospholipase\;C-{\gamma}\;1;\;PLC-{\gamma}\;1)$은 활성화될 경우 세포 내의 이차전령인 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate$(IP_3)$와 diacylglycerol(DG)을 생성하는 중요한 세포 신호전달 분자이다. 튜불린은 미세소관과 방추사의 주요 구성 단백질로서 알파형과 베타형의 두 가지 동위형이 있는데 이들은 모든 진핵세포에 존재하면서 이형 이합체를 형성한다. 이 중 베타형 튜불린은 사람의 경우 6종의 또 다른 동위형이 존재하는 것으로 밝혀졌는데 이들은 각 조직에서 그 발현양상이 서로 다르게 나타난다. 이전의 연구에서 우리들은 $PLC-{\gamma}\;1$과 4종의 베타튜불린 동위형 즉, ${\beta}1$, ${\beta}2$, ${\beta}3$ 및 ${\beta}6$이 세포 내에서 서로 결합할 수 있으며 또한 외부의 자극이 전달될 경우 이들 4종의 동위형이 $PLC-{\gamma}\;1$을 활성화시켜 준다는 사실을 보고한 바 있다. 이번 실험에서는 이전의 연구에서 조사하지 못하였던 베타 튜불린의 나머지 두 가지 동위형 즉, ${\beta}4$및 ${\beta}5$가 $PLC-{\gamma}\;1$에 결합하여 $PLC-{\gamma}\;1$의 활성을 증가시켜줌으로서 세포 내에서의 신호전달계를 조절하고 있음을 확인하였다. 이 결과는 이전의 연구결과와 연관 지워볼 때, 6종의 모든 베타형 튜불린은 세포 외부의 자극이 있을 경우 $PLC-{\gamma}\;1$을 활성화시켜줌을 시사한다.

• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2002년도 춘계학술발표대회 발표논문초록집
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• pp.51-51
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• 2002

Despite of importance of integrated events of nucleus and microtubule remodeling in nuclear transferred embryos with somatic cells, little information is available on this subject. In this study we compared chromatin, r-tubulin and microtubule organization in porcine oocytes following somatic cell nuclear transfer and parthenogenetically activation in order to clarify nuclear remodeling process and to demonstrate centrosome inheritance during nuclear transfer. (omitted)

• Mycobiology
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.113-117
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• 2005

In this study, a total of 300 isolates of Penicillium and related teleomorphic genera were collected from soils of 17 locations in Korea from April to May, 2004. Ninety four isolates were identified as the species of Penicillium subgenus Furcatum based on cultural and morphological characteristics and ${\beta}-tubulin$ gene sequences. Among the specie's, Korean isolates of P. brasilianum Bat. and P. daleae K. M. Zalessky were phylogenetically identical to the reference species based on DNA sequence of the ${\beta}-tubulin$ gene. Here we described and illustrated P. brasilianum and P. daleae that are new in Korea.

• 한국발생생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국발생생물학회 1998년도 제4차 학술발표대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.59-60
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• 1998

A DNA construct containing rat T $\alpha$ 1 $\alpha$ -tuulin gene 5'-flanking sequence and GFP reporer gene was microinjected into 1-cell loach embryos. Neuron-specific FGP expression was observed in developing loach embryos and early stage fry. The results demonstrated that rat T $\alpha$ 1 $\alpha$ -tubulin gene promoter may be sufficient to specify gene expression to neurons in loach embryos. Thus, the use of GFP reporter controlled by T $\alpha$ 1 $\alpha$ -tubulin gene promoter may facilitate visualization of the dynamic processes of neural tissue development.

• 식물병연구
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.150-158
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• 2017

Benzimidazole계 살균제 저항성을 모니터링하면서, 저항성과 ${\beta}$-tubulin 유전자의 198번째 코돈의 돌연변이와의 관계를 조사하였다. Venturia nashicola의 benzimidazole계 살균제에 대한 반응은 $0.16{\mu}g/ml$ carbendazim 배지에서 전혀 생장하지 못하는 감수성과 $4.0{\mu}g/ml$ 배지에서 생장이 안 되는 저저항성, $100{\mu}g/ml$에서조차 생장이 가능한 고저항성으로 구분할 수 있었다. 국내 3개 지역의 과원에서 채집한 30균주의 V. nashicola는 carbendazim에 대해서 모두 고저항성이었다. V. nashicola의 ${\beta}$-tubulin 유전자의 염기서열을 분석한 결과 저저항성 균주에서는 감수성 균주와 염기서열에 차이가 없었지만, 고저항성 균주는 GAG인 glutamic acid가 GCG인 alanine으로 치환되어 있었다. 옥천의 과원에서 분리한 10균주 중에서 5균주는 GGG인 glycine으로 치환되어 있었다. 특히 glycine으로 치환될 경우 carbendazim에 대해서 저항성이 되면서 carbendazim과 diethofencarb 혼합제에 대해서는 감수성이 더 커졌다. 결국 ${\beta}$-tubulin의 198번째 코돈의 돌연변이 E198A와 E198G는 V. nashicola가 benzimidazole계 살균제에 대해서 저항성이 되는 중요한 기작임을 알 수 있었다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.274-278
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• 2014

Penicillium georgiense was isolated from sandy beach soil from Batu Ferringhi beach, Penang Island, Malaysia. The identification was based on morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer regions and ${\beta}$-tubulin sequences. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of P. georgiense in Malaysia.