• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2010

Efficient L-lactic acid production from Jerusalem artichoke tubers, by Lactobacillus casei G-02, using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) in a fed-batch culture, is demonstrated. A kinetic analysis of the SSF revealed that the inulinase activity was subjected to product inhibition, whereas the fermentation activity of G-02 was subjected to substrate inhibition. It was also found that the intracellular NADH oxidase (NOX) activity was enhanced by the citrate metabolism, which dramatically increased the carbon flux of the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway, along with the production of ATP. As a result, when the SSF was carried out at $40^{\circ}C$ after an initial hydrolysis of 1 h and included a sodium citrate supplement of 10 g/l, an L-lactic acid concentration of 141.5 g/l was obtained after 30 h, with a volumetric productivity of 4.7 g/l/h. The conversion efficiency and product yield were 93.6% of the theoretical lactic acid yield and 52.4 g lactic acid/l00 g Jerusalem artichoke flour, respectively. Such a high concentration of lactic acid with a high productivity from Jerusalem artichokes has not been reported previously, making G-02 a potential candidate for the economic production of L-lactic acid from Jerusalem artichokes on a commercial scale.

• BMB Reports
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.526-532
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• 2005

A lectin with in-vitro anticancer activity against established human cancer cell lines has been purified by affinity chromatography on asialofetuin-linked amino activated silica beads from the tubers of Arisaema tortuosum, popularly known as Himalayan Cobra lily, a monocot plant from the family Araceae. The bound Arisaema tortuosum lectin (ATL) was eluted with glycine-HCl buffer, pH 2.5. ATL was effectively inhibited by asialofetuin, a complex desialylated serum glycoprotein as well as by N-acetyl-D-lactosamine, a disaccharide. It gave a single band corresponding to a subunit molecular weight of 13.5 kDa in SDS-PAGE, pH 8.8 both under reducing and non reducing conditions. When subjected to gel-filtration on Biogel P-200, it was found to have a molecular weight of 54 kDa, suggesting a homotetramer structure, in which individual polypeptides are not bound to each other with disulfide bonds. ATL is a glycoprotein with 0.9% carbohydrate content, stable up to $55^{\circ}C$ and at pH 2 to 10. The lectin had no requirement for divalent metal ions i.e. $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mn^{2+}$ for its activity. However, as reported for other monocot lectins, ATL gave multiple bands in isoelectric focusing and Native PAGE, pH 8.3. The lectin was found to inhibit in vitro proliferation of human cancer cell lines HT29, SiHa and OVCAR-5.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1979-1985
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• 2016

Background: Complementary and alternative medicine has been highly appreciated as a supportive regimen for classical treatment strategies. Here we offer a nutrition-based adjuvant therapy for liver fibrosis, a major risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Aim of the study: To evaluate the possible hepatoprotective effects of Jerusalem artichoke tubers (JAT) in combination with interferon and ribavirin. Materials and Methods: Twelve groups of rats were administered JAT, interferon and ribavirin either separately or in combination from day one of $CCL_4$ administration until the end of the study. Animals were killed after 8 weeks of $CCL_4$-induced hepatotoxicity. Results: Hepatocytes from rats treated with triple combination of interferon, ribavirin, and JAT showed more less normal architecture compared to $CCL_4$-treated rats. We also detected significantly higher hepatic protein expression levels of p53, BAX and transforming growth factor-${\beta}$ (TGF-${\beta}$) in the $CCL_4$-intoxicated group compared to normal controls, as evidenced by immunohistochemical staining and western blotting analyses. Addition of JAT as a supportive regimen improved response to ribavirin and interferon and effectively participated in retaining normal histopathological and biochemical criteria and significantly lowered protein expression of p53, BAX, and TGF-${\beta}$. Conclusions: We suggest that addition of JAT as a supportive r egimen to interferon and ribavirin effectively potentiates their anti-fibrotic effects.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.153-157
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• 2008

생리활성이 뛰어난 마카의 지질 분획으로부터 macamides를 분리 동정하기 위해 본 연구에서는 초임계 이산화탄소 추출을 통해 마카 지질 추출물을 제조하여 재순환 분취용 HPLC로부터 2종의 macamides 물질을 분리 정제하였다. 분리된 2종의 macamides 물질의 구조 해석을 위해 LC/MS와 $^1H$-NMR과 $^{13}C$-NMR 분석을 실시한 결과 분자량이 384인 N-benzyl-5-oxo-6E,8E-octadecadienamide와 분자량이 346인 N-benzylhexadecanamide로 동정되었다. 본 연구를 통해 분리된 2종의 macamides는 향후 마카분말 및 마카제품의 macamides의 지표물질로 활용이 가능할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제14권
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• pp.139-145
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• 1973

Choline Chloride를 이용하여 고구마의 단작재배와 맥후작재배간에 어떤 수준의 농도에서 괴근의 비대촉진과 생육 및 수량에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 시험하였든바 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 처리의 적정농도는 재배기에 따라 다소 차이가 있어 단작재배에서는 23.3ppm 그리고 맥후작 재배의 경우 31.1ppm이 적정농도이고 처리시간은 24시간이며 처리방법은 묘를 채취한 후묘의 기부만을 침지하면 좋다. 2) Choline Chloride는 지상부의 생육을 억제하여 만장을 단축케 하고 건물중을 저하케 하였다. 3) 지하부의 생육관계는 지상부의 동화산물을 지하부에 전류케 함으로써 괴근수를 많게 하는 동시에 수확기별 수량의 증가가 현저하였고 그 경향은 적기수학에서 보다도 조기수확에서 높았다. 4) 따라서 일반유기성분의 함유율 분석결과 당분전분등이 높은 편이고 그밖의 조섬유, 조단백질등은 낮은 편으로서 금후 더욱 연구할 필요가 있다고 느끼는 바이다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.565-570
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• 1993

가공 과정 중 갈변에 관여하는 돼지감자의 peroxidase가 ammonium sulfate, DEAE-cellulose column, Sephacryl S-200 column chromatography에 의하여 36.65배로 정제되었다. 이 효소는 p-phenylenediamine을 기질로 사용하였을 때 pH5.0가 활성 최적 pH이었으며 pH $5.0{\sim}6.0$의 범위에서 비교적 안정하였다. 열 불활성화 곡선은 1차 곡선에서 벗어났고 60, 70, $80^{\circ}C$에서의 D값은 각각 86, 45, 33초이었으며 활성화에너지는 4,111 J/mole이었다. 이 효소의 기질특이성은 amine류 중에서 p-phenylenediamine과 가장 친화력이 좋았고 potassium cyanate, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, L-ascorbic acid, sodium hydrosulfite, L-cysteine에 의해 활성이 완전히 억제되었으며 $Ca^{2+},\;Cu^{2+}$에 의해서는 활성이 촉진되었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.388-391
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• 1984

Irish Cobbler와 May Queen의 두품종(品種)의 감자를 $1^{\circ}$ 및 $20^{\circ}C$에 저장(貯藏)하여 피층부(皮層部) 및 수질부(髓質部)의 glycoalkaloid ($({\alpha}-chaconine$, ${\alpha}-solanine$) 함량(含量)의 변화(變化)를 조사(調査) 검토(檢討)한 결과는 다음과 같다. 감자 괴경(塊莖)을 $20^{\circ}C$구(區)에서 저장 하였을 때 두품종(品種) 다같이 맹아(萌芽)에 따라 피층부(皮層部)의 ${\alpha}-chaconine$ 및 ${\alpha}-solanine$함량(含量)이 증가(增加)하였고 그 증가(增加)의 정도(程度)는 May Queen에 있어서 보다 현저(顯著)하였다. $1^{\circ}C$구(區)의 피층부(皮層部)에서는 두품종(品種) 다같이 외관상(外觀上)의 변화(變化)가 보이지 않은 저장기간 중에도 glycoalkaloid가 증가(增加)하는 것이 확인(確認)되었다. 수질부(髓質部)에 있어서는 두품종(品種) 다같이 저장에 따라 소량의 ${\alpha}-chaconine$이 약간 검출되었으나, ${\alpha}-solanine$은 양온도구(兩溫度區)에서 검출(檢出)되지 않았다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1990

Pericarp and seedcoat removal treatments were tested to determine their effectiveness in the hard-to-germinate botanical seeds of jerusalem artichoke. Fresh seed of five Helianthus tuberosus L.varieties were (A)untreated (B)water soaked overnight (C) soaked overnight followed by renoval of pericarp or (D) soaked overnight followed by renoval of pericarp and seedcoat. The results indicate that treatments which removed the pericarp and seedcoat were the very effective, giving germination of over 90%. A considerable increase in germination did not follow only the peri-carp removal treatments. The factors inhibitory to germination of fresh jerusalem artichoke seed is associated withthe seedcoat. The removal treatment of pericarp and seed-cost is recommended despite its complexity because it givesa high germination percentage and varies least from varietyto variety. Heliarthus tuberosus L., a biomass potential crop, is a member of the family compositae. The genus Helianthushas provided man with two food plants, the sunflower (H.annus) and the jerusalem artichoke or topinambour (H. tube-rosus) . (3) The jerusalem artichoke grown for its tubers, has always been an extremely minor crop, but it is stillgrown in many places as a food for man or livestock and forthe production of alcohoL. Though tubers are used for pro-pagation jerusalem artichoke also flower and produce seedin head-like in florescences. Flowers are developed acro-petaLly on flattened receptacles such that outermost flowers are oldest. Each of these epigynous flowers may develop an achene-type fruit in which outer layers of the overy wallpersist, while inner layers become disorganized. Insidethe ovary wall of mature fruit, there is a papery seedcoat, probably composed of compact cells from endosperm, integu-ments, and nucellus.In general, the efforts to improving this crop havebeen hampered by the hard-to-germinate botanical seed.Seeds did not germinate for at least IL months after harvest.Fresh seeds of some varieties require one year more to gar-minate. (5) Since the time factor between generations isof concern in a prospective breeding program of jerusalemartichoke , these observations led to investigation of thenature of delayed seed germination in jerusalem artichokeas a biomass potential crop.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2010년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.18-18
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• 2010

Molecular insights on the role of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in potato tuberization are reported in the present study. The PGPRwere isolated from the soil collected from potato fields of Highland Agricultural Research Centre, Pyeongchang, Korea and they were identified to the genus level based on the 16S rRNA sequence analysis. These PGPR were heat-killed, filtered and the filtrates were addedindividually at a concentration of $10^7\;cfu\;mL^{-1}$ in MS (Murashige and Skoog's) medium supplemented with 7% (w/v) sucrose to study their influence on in vitro potato tuberization. Tuber initiation occurred early in untreated control, while tuber growth was pronounced in case of PGPR treatments. The control explants showed tuber formation as a result of sub-apical swelling of stolons while several sessile tubers formed directly in the axils of nodal cuttings in case of PGPR treatments, which is an indication of strong induction for tuberization. Theexplants cultured on MS medium supplemented with bacterial isolate 6 (Bacillus firmus strain 40) showed highest average tuber yield (Ca. 12.56 g per treatment) after 30 days of culture, which was 3 folds increase over the untreated control. A significant increase in lipoxygenase (LOX1) mRNA expression and activity of LOX enzyme were also detected in the tubers induced on PGPR treatments as compared to untreated control. This LOX expression level correlated with increased tuber growth and tuber yield. Further studies focused on the role of bacteria cell wall components, growth regulators and signal molecules released by PGPR are under investigation to elicit clues for PGPR-mediated signal pathway controlling potato tuberization.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.397-402
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• 1987

황산암모늄분획 침전, 이온교환컬럼 크로마토그래프를 이용하여 감자로부터 2개의 Lipoxygenase isozyme(F-I 및 F-II)을 분리정제하고 각각의 isozyme에 대하여 열불활성화 실험을 행하였다. 분리된 isozyme은 polyacrylamide gel 전기 영동상에서 단일밴드를 보였으며 두 isozyme의 최적 pH는 $5.5{\sim}6.0$으로 비슷하였다. 열불활성화 온동 범위인 $50{\sim}60^{\circ}C$에서 F-I 및 F-II의 $D_{65}$값은 각각 13.3min 및 4.3min이었으며 Z 값은 $11.8^{\circ}C$ 및 $10.3^{\circ}C$ 이었다. 또한 각 isozyme의 열역학적인 상수를 절대반응속도식에 따라 구하였다.