• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 1984

본(本) 연구(硏究)는 biomass 생산(生産)을 위(爲)한 밀식재배(密植栽培)에 적합(適合)한 수종(樹種)으로 우리 나라에서 개발(開發)된 제일대(第一代) 잡종(雜種) 포플러, Populus alba ${\times}$ Populus glandulosa $F_1$ 클론들 중(中) 우수(優秀)한 생장(生長)을 보이는 2개(個)의 클론과 그렇지 못한 2개(個)의 클론, 1, 2년생(年生)을 대상(對象)으로 어떠한 형태적(形態的) 특성(特性)이 빠른 생장(生長)에 관련(關聯)되는가를 알아보기 위(爲)하여 실시(實施)되었다. 본(本) 실험(實驗)은 수원에 있는 서울대학교(大學校) 묘포장(苗圃場)에 ha당(富) 20,000 본(本)을 식재(植栽)한 후 시험구(試驗區)를 설치(設置)하여 생장(生長), 엽특성(葉特性), 가지 특성(持性) 등(等)을 시기별(時期別)로 조사(調査), 비교(比較)하였다. 개체당(個體當) 건물질(乾物質) 생산량(生産量)에 있어서 2년생(年生) 클론간에는 유의차(有意差)가 인정(認定)되었으나, 1년생(年生)은 인정(認定)되지 않았다. 2년생(年)生에 있어서 개체당(個體當) 엽면적(葉面積)과 건물질(乾物質) 생산량(生産量), 그리고 개체당(個體當) 총(總) 가지의 길이와 건물질(乾物質) 생산량간(生産量間)에 고도(高度)의 상관(相關)이 나타났으며, 특(特)히 주목(注目)할 만한 것은 이러한 상관(相關)이 생장기(生長期) 후반기(後半期)인 8월(月)과 9월(月)에 더욱 뚜렷하였다. 높은 물질(物質) 생산량(生産量)을 보이는 클론의 형태학적(形態學的) 특성(特性)은 다음과 같았다. 즉, 높은 shoot-root ratio를 보이며, 엽생장(葉生長)에 있어서는 광합성기관(光合成器官)의 크기를 대표(代表)할 수 있는 개체당(個體當) 엽면적(葉面積)이 많았고, 엽보유기간(葉保有期間)이 길어 생장(生長)을 더 오래할 수 있었다. 또한 수관(樹冠) 상부(上部)에 작은 엽(葉)이 많아서 광합성(光合成)에 필요(必要)한 빛을 효율적(效率的)으로 이용(利用)할 수 있었고 가지의 특성(特性)으로는 길이가 길고 가지수(數)는 많아서 조밀(粗密)한 수관형태(樹冠形態)를 보이는 것 들이었다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.485-491
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• 2011

본 연구는 2개의 간헐혐기조, 막분리호기조 및 슬러지 가용화로 구성된 유로변경형 membrane bioreactor의 운영을 통하여 도시 하수의 영양염류 제거 특성을 규명하였다. 수리학적 체류시간(HRT)과 운영 여과 플럭스의 평균값은 각각 6.5 시간과 $20.4L/m^2{\cdot}hr$ (LMH)이었으며, 공정을 운전한 결과, $COD_{Cr}$, SS, TN 및 TP의 평균 제거율은 각각 94.0%, 99.3%, 99.9%, 69.9%와 66.9%이었다. 슬러지 생산계수, SDNR, SNR, SPPR 및 SPUR은 각각 0.34 kg VSS/kg BOD d, $0.067mg\;NO_3-N/mg\;VSS{\cdot}d$, $0.028mg\;NH_4-N/mg\;VSS{\cdot}d$, 16.0 mg P/g VSS d 및 2.1 mg P/g VSS d였다. 또한, 생산된 슬러지의 평균 질소 및 인 함량은 각각 8.9%와 3.5%였다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제49권2호
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• pp.77-84
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• 2011

The benefits of implant supported overdenture are readily apparent for the fully edentulous patients and have been well documented, however, there is deficiency of the studies regarding the combination of implants with removable partial dentures for partially edentulous patients. The purpose of this article is to review the literature concerning implants with removable partial dentures and evaluate the evidence for this clinical approach. Through many clinical case reports and studies we have searched from a broad variety of journals, we present the six considerations needed to contemplate respecting implants with removable partial denture in partially edentulous patients. First, the connection between abutment tooth and removable partial denture has to be rigid and the link between implant and removable partial denture should be hinged. Second, a mesial rest acts better in the point of force distribution for distal extension removable partial denture and splinting between implants is also a favorable choice. Third, T bar has an advantage for implants which are used as abutments in distal extension removable partial denture. Forth, as we all known functional impression is better way to reproduce movement for distal extension removable partial denture. Fifth, indirect retainer and guiding plane on the proximal surfaces of terminal abutment teeth are important in preventing denture base lifting. Sixth, implants in conjunction with removable partial denture is superior in the esthetic and phonetic as well as cost-effective point of view. We also suggest that which place we should install implants for force distribution and which diameter and length of implants should be used. in this review article, we recommend to locate the implant near of the abutment tooth for esthetics or near of first molar position for good stress distribution. The diameter and length of implant also influence to stress distribution. When we compare to conservative partial denture, patients go for removable partial denture using implants due to convenience, better support and retention according to several studies. But it is true that we need to study more on this subject and collect long term follow up cases before we discuss on it. So it is enough to bring this subject into the surface of prosthetic treatment by this article.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.835-841
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• 2007

The followings are concluded from the treatment of headache in Hyungsang medicine, focussed on 11 kinds of headaches in Donguibogam. Headache is classified into overall headache and migraine according to the affected region. The causes are divided into exogenous affection and internal injury; The former brings on headache due to Wind-Cold and headache due to Damp-Heat. The latter, reversal headache, headache due to adverse rising of phlegm, headache due to regurgitation of Gi, headache due to excessive Heat, headache due to excessive Damp, true headache, and alcoholic headache. Headache due to internal injury generally tends to show deficiency syndrome with external affection. Headache due to exogenous affections is common to those who have big head or white skin and to Bangkwang type, and woman. The primary causes are Wind-Cold and Wind-Heat. When the body is observed in the perspective of eight phases, Damp-Heat is to be produced in the front, and Dry-Damp, in the back. Headache due to Damp-Heat is susceptible to Yangmyeong meridian type whose body develops more in the front and to woman. In the perspective of the upper and the lower, Yangdu(that is, head) is related to Eumdu(that is, glans of penis). Headache is also caused by the problems of Eumdu ,such as deficiency of Essence in man, pathologic change of uterus in women, and San syndrome in lower abdomen. In the case of man, headache is frequently severe and difficult to treat because head is a root for man. Disharmony of Gi and blood between the right and the left brings out migraine and headache due to regurgitation of Gi. Migraine is usually accompanied by symptoms of exogenous affection and often afflicts Gi-type, Shin-type, Soyang meridian type, deer type, and Dam-type. Headache due to regurgitation of Gi is brought by Gi deficiency or blood deficiency so that symptoms of exogenous affection do not show. It is mainly common with old people and those who have sunken eyes induced by deficiency of stomach Gi. In the perspective of the upper, the middle, and the lower, the pathologic change of head, chest and abdomen also bring about headache. The pathologic cause of head is Wind-Heat ,which triggers overall headache, migraine, headache due to Wind-Cold, headache due to excessive Heat, The pathogen of chest is phlegm-Fire and brings out headache due to Damp-Heat and headache due to adverse rising of phlegm. The pathologic factor in abdomen is Cold-Damp and produces headache due to adverse rising of phlegm and headache due to excessive Damp. In case of women, headache is generally caused by phlegm-Fire and retention of undigested food.