• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.325-336
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• 2022

This paper analyzes the ground surface settlements induced by side-by-side twin shield tunnels bored in sedimentary soils, which primarily consist of sand with clay strata above the tunnel crown. The measurements were obtained during the construction of twin tunnels underneath the Incheon International Airport (IIA) located in Korea. The measured surface settlement troughs are approximated with Gaussian functions. The trough width parameters i and K of the settlement troughs produced by the first and second tunnel passings are determined, along with those for the total settlement trough. The surface settlement troughs produced by the first shield passing are reasonably represented by a symmetric Gaussian curve. The surface settlement troughs induced by the second shield tunnel display marginal asymmetric shapes at selected sections. The total settlement troughs are fitted both with a shifted symmetric Gaussian function and the superposition method utilizing an asymmetric function for the incremental trough produced by the second tunnel. It is revealed that the superposition method does not always produce better fits with the total settlement. Instead, the shifted symmetric Gaussian function is overall demonstrated to provide more favorable agreements with the recordings. Therefore, the shifted symmetric Gaussian function is recommended to be used in the design for the prediction of the settlement in clays caused by twin tunneling considering the simplicity of the procedure compared with the superposition method. The amount of increase in the width parameter K for the twin tunnel relative to that for the single tunnel is quantified, which can be used for a preliminary estimate of the surface settlement in clay induced by twin shield tunnels.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.337-346
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• 2013

풍화암반에 저심도 터널을 굴착하였을 때 발생하는 지표침하의 특성을 분석하였다. 터널은 아파트 등 건물하부를 지나고 터널까지의 최저심도는 약 11 m, 터널 폭도 약 11 m이다. 건물에 인접한 터널 180 m 구간에 지표침하핀을 23개 설치하고 약 2년의 공사기간 동안 지표침하를 계측하였다. 이와 같이 계측한 지표침하량을 최적화하여 3차원 지표침하면을 모사하였고 지표침하폭 매개변수(K)와 터널단위길이당 횡단면침하체적(Vs)의 변화를 분석하였다.