• 생명과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.162-166
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• 1998

전 골수성 백혈병 세초인 HL-60 세포를 model로 하여, 민간요법으로 사용되어져 부작용이 극히 적은 거승로 알려진 고려인삼의 구성 성분 중 주요성분이 ginseng (Panzx ginseng C.A. Meyer) saponin 및 ginsenoside Rh1, Rh2, Rh3, 비파 (Eriobotrya japonica L.) 잎의 성분들 중에서 항발암 및 항암성분으로 알려진 ursolic acid 및 oleanolic acid, 웅담중의 중요성분 성분인 lithocholoc acid 드잉 분화능력이 있는 지를 조사하고자 본 실험을 수행아였다. Retinoic acid를 처리한 결과 타 연구자들의 연구결과들처럼 높은 분화력을 관찰할 수 있었으며, dbcAMP 단독 처리군에서도 높은 분화효과를 나타냈었다. Dexamethasone 처리군에서는 분화효과를 거의 관찰할 수 없었으나,dexamethansone과 구조적으로 유사한 ursolic acid와 oleanolic acid는 보다 높은 분화력을 보였고 웅담성분의 중요성분인 lirhocholic acid는 높은 분화력을 나타냈었다. Ginseng saponin은 0.00375% (w/v)에서 20% 이상의 분화력을 보였으며, Ginsenoside Rh2와 Rh3는 높은 분화력을 나타냈다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제28권8호
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• pp.917-922
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 약용식물인 병풀의 계절적 생육조건의 변화에 따른 다양한 지상부 조직에서 triterpene glycoside 함량을 조사하기 위해, 20% 에탄올, 메탄올, 물을 이용한 3가지 추출방법을 이용하여 HPLC 분석을 수행하였다. 메탄올 추출방법에서 triterpene glycoside의 추출효율이 가장 높았으며, 특히 madecassoside와 asiaticoside의 값이 계절적인 생육조건의 변화동안 높게 확인되었다. 본 연구에서는 추가적으로 항산화활성을 분석하였으며, ABTs 소거활성은 잎자루에서 높게 확인되었으며, DPPH 소거활성은 메탄올과 에탄올로 추출한 잎조직에서만 높은 결과를 보였다. 총 페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량은 잎 조직에서 사용된 물, 에탄올, 메탄올 추출에 의한 결과가 가장 높은 값을 보였다. 본 연구의 결과로서, 병풀 식물체의 잎 조직에서 계절적 생육 조건 동안 triterpene glycoside 및 항산화활성이 증가함은 병풀의 재배시 madecassoside 및 asiaticoside를 포함한 유용한 주요 대사물질들이 식물체내에서 항상성을 위해 유지되며, 이는 향후 보 다 구체적인 생리활성에 대한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되는 바이다.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.398-405
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• 1998

We investigated the effects of triterpene acids (TAs), ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA), on the induction of proliferation and differentiation of normal rat mammary epithelial cells (RMEC) or organoids cultured in Matrigel or primary culture system. To elucidate the effects, we tested their differentiation inducing activities with intercellular communication ability, cell cycle patterns, induction of apoptosis, and morphological differentiation in the three dimensional extracellular culture system. To study the changes of RMEC subpopulation in culture, the cultured cells were isolated, immunostained with peanut lectin (PNA) and anti-Thy-1.1 antibody and then analyzed with flow cytometry. Four different subpopulations, such as PNA and Thy-1.1 negative cells (B-), PNA positive cells (PNA+), Thy-1.1 positive cells (Thy-1.1+), PNA and Thy-1.1 positive cells (B+), were obtained and the size of each subpopulation was changed in culture with time in the presence of TAs. Intercellular communication was observed in culture for 7 days in TAs-treated cells, but not in culture for 4 days with scrape-loading dye transfer technique. $G_2$/M phase cells and the number of apoptotic population were increased in TAs-treated groups in cell cycle analyses. S phase fractions were reduced and the change of $G_1$ phase cells was not observed. The colonies with distinct multicelfular structures, such as stellate, ductal, webbed, squamous, lobulo-ductal colonies, were observed in Matrigel culture and the frequencies of each colony were changed in the presence of TAs. These results suggest that UA and OA have differentiation inducing effects on rat mammary epithelial cells in primary or in Matrigel culture.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.75-80
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• 1997

Preliminary antibacterial assay data that the Tectona grandis callus extract showed more antibacterial activity against E. coli and B. subtilis than the leaf extract led the authors to isolate the following antibacterial compounds from the callus. A mixture (3) of $2{\alpha},3{\beta}-dihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic$ acid (3a) and $2{\alpha},3{\beta}-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic$ acid (3b) exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity against both bacteria. The other 3 compounds, in the decreasing order of the activity, were identified as $2{\alpha},3{\beta}-dihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic$ acid (2), betulinic acid (1), and $2{\alpha},3{\alpha}$,23-trihydroxy-urs-12-en-28-oic acid (4). The antibacterial compounds (2, 3a, 3b and 4) were not detected or occurring in small quantities in the intact tissue, while they were observed in the callus. Only the less active compound 1 was present more abundantly in intact tissues than the callus.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2021

A new cipadesin limonoid, i.e. 3-epi-cipadonoid C (1), and a new tirucallane triterpene, i.e. hispidol B 3-palmitate (3), have been isolated from the seeds and fruit peels extract of Sandoricum koetjape, respectively. Along with these compounds the known limonoid, cipaferen G (2), and two pentacyclic triterpenes, bryonolic (4) and bryononic (5) acids, were also isolated. The strucrures of the new compounds were elucidated by the analysis of NMR and mass spectral data. Compounds 1 - 5 were evaluated as the inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases (EGFR, Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor; HER2, HER4, Human Epidermal growth factor Receptor 2, -4; IGFR, Insulin-like Growth Factor Receptor; InsR, Insulin Receptor; KDR, Kinase insert Domain Receptor; PDGFRα, and PDGFRβ, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor-α and -β). The results showed only 1 and 3 that have weak activity against InsR.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.317-321
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• 2007

Phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of Lotus ornithopodioloides L. resulted in the isolation of six known compounds. The structures were determined utilizing physical, chemical, spectral methods as well as direct comparison with reference materials whenever possible. The compounds were identified as: ${\beta}$-sitosterol; the two triterpenes oleanolic and betulinic acids; the two cyanogenic glycosides lotaustralin and linamarin in addition to the flavonol diglycoside kaempferitin.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

Ginseng root has been used as a tonic remedy in Traditional Chinese Medicine for centuries. Modern studies have demonstrated that ginseng root has complex components and multiple pharmacological properties. The effects of ginseng leaf, however, are not well known. Recent studies show that compared to ginseng root, ginseng leaf and stem exhibit a higher content of active compositions such as ginsenosides, polysaccharides, triterpene flavonoids, volatile oil, polyacetylenic alcohols, peptides, amino acids and fatty acids. Ginseng leaf possesses multiple pharmacological effects in the central nervous, cardiovascular, growth and metabolism systems. Additionally, the leaf has anti-fatigue, anti-hyperglycemic, anti-oxidant, and anti-aged effects. In general, ginseng leaf is quite safe, but adverse effects may occur if it is abused or is of poor quality. Thus, attention must be paid to dosages, quality, and standardization of ginseng leaf products.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.139-147
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• 1997

펄프폐수 내에 존재하는 대표적인 수지 구성성분의 일종인 wood resin 화합물이 메탄생성균에 미치는 독성을 평가하기 위한 회분식 독성실험을 수행하였다. 수지는 극성용매로 추출가능한 몇몇 wood 구성성분의 혼합물로서 수지의 주요 구성성분은 긴 사슬 휘발성유기산, terpenes, resin acids, 리그난과 극성 페놀류들이다. 메탄생성균의 독성실험은 $30^{\circ}C$에서 표준회분식 실험방법을 채택하였고 식종물질로서는 입상슬러지를 사용하였다. 극성페놀의 한 종류인 4-hydroxystilbene가 가장 높은 독성을 나타내었으며, 50% 저해를 일으키는 농도는 $20mg/\ell$이었다. Resin acid와 휘발성 terpene 역시 메탄생성균에 독성을 나타내었으며, 50% 독성을 일으키는 농도는 $43{\;}~{\;}330mg/\ell$이었다. 반면에 triterpenes은 1,000 to $1,300{\;}mg/\ell$의 상대적으로 높은 농도에서도 메탄생성균에 독성을 일으키지 않았다. 따라서 wood resin의 구성성분이 몇몇 펄프폐수의 혐기성 처리에 있어서 독성을 일으키는 주요물질이었다.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2005

cDNA for oxidosqualene cyclase was cloned by a homology-based PCR method and sequenced from Centella asiatica. In a sequences analysis, the putative polypeptide of C. asiatica cycloartenol synthase (CaCYS) deduced from the 2,274 bp nucleotide sequence, consisted of 758 amino acids and had a molecular mass of 86.3 kD. The predicted amino acid sequence exhibited high homology to that of PNX (cycloartenol synthase) from Panax ginseng ($89\%$). Southern blot analysis suggests that CaCYS may be present in one copy of the C. asiatica genome. If methyl jasmonate (MJ) is applied exogenously to plants, not only triterpene saponins are accumulated in tissues, but also it produces effects such as growth inhibition and the promotion of ethylene production. In order to investigate the effect of MJ and thidiazuron (TDZ), a cytokinin that plays a role as an antisenescence agent in several plants, on the level of CaCYS mRNA, we performed northern blot analysis. When MJ is alone treated by adding to culture medium, CaCYS transcripts were inhibited. However, sustained levels of the expression of CaCYS, by adding TDZ to the medium despite MJ treatments, were demonstrated in C. asiatica leaves.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.628-635
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• 2002

Five terpenes (1~5), three fatty acids (6~8), two sterols (9 and 11), and a monogalactosyldiacyl glycerol (10) were isolated from the methylene chloride extract of the aerial part of Cirsium setidens. Their chemical structures were determined to be $\alpha$-tocopherol (1), 25-hydroperoxycycloart-23-en-3$\beta$-o1 (2), 24-hydroperoxycycloart-25-en-3$\beta$-o1 (3), mokko lactone (4), transphytol (5), 9, 12, 15-octadecatrienoic acid (6), 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid (7), hexadecanoic acid (8), acylglycosyl $\beta$-sitosterol (9), (2R)-1, 2-O-(9z, 12z, 15z-dioctadecatrienoyl)-3-O-$\beta$-D-galactopyranosyl glycerol (10) and $\beta$-sitosterol glucoside (11) by spectral evidences. Compound 3 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against five human cancer cell lines with its $ED_{50}$ values ranging from 2.66 to 11.25 $\mu$M.