• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.52-58
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• 2006

Various robots were developed for harvesting fruits and vegetables. However, each robot was designed for a specific task such as harvesting apples or vegetables. This has been a big hurdle in application of robots to agriculture. A new type of hybrid manipulator with both parallel and serial joints was developed and designed to apply to various kinds of field operations. The hybrid manipulator had 2 extra degree of freedom in serial joints which made it flexible in switching one to the other type of hybrid manipulator, for example, PUMA to SCARA. And it was designed to harvest heavy fruits such as musky melons or water melons even behind leaves or branches of tree. This hybrid manipulator showed less than $\pm1mm$ position error. It was concluded that the hybrid manipulator was an effective and feasible tool to perform various works and to increase working performance.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.253-261
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• 2020

Carex splendentissima U. Kang & J. M. Chung, endemic to the Korean peninsula, is characterized by staminate terminal spikes and glabrous elliptic perigynia. Based on its broad leaves, androgynous spikes, and tri-stigmatic features, the species has been placed in Carex sect. Siderostictae Franch. ex Ohwi, an East Asian section and a basal group in the genus. To clarify the monophyly and phylogenetic position of the species, a molecular study using the internal transcribed spacer region of nuclear ribosomal DNA and chloroplast DNA (trnL-F) data was conducted. The DNA sequence data of ten taxa in sect. Siderostictae and closely related taxa (two taxa in sect. Surculosae) with outgroups were analyzed based on maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood (ML) criteria. In the analyses, C. splendentissima was monophyletic and placed within the Siderostictae clade (sect. Siderostictae + two species of sect. Surculosae), forming a clade with C. ciliatomarginata and C. pachygyna (endemic to Japan). The clade (C. splendentissima + C. ciliatomarginata + C. pachygyna) shows evidence of diploidy. Furthermore, C. splendentissima is a sister to C. ciliatomarginata in the ML tree, and the two taxa have staminate terminal spikes. This study also updates the distribution of C. splendentissima and provides keys to the four Korean taxa in sect. Siderostictae. To conserve the endemic species C. splendentissima, further research on its genetic and ecological features should be conducted at the population level.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2020

This study aimed to figure out and compare the increment of biomass by thinning intensity focused on the plantation of the two major coniferous species (Larix kaempferi and Pinus koraiensis) of South Korea. The inventory interval was three years under the effects of three types of thinning treatments; control (no thinning), light (20% thinning) and heavy (40% thinning). The results showed standing biomass increment of both species decreased as thinning intensity increased (heavylight>control). Meanwhile, the lowest of on-site biomass changes occurred in the control plot, and the greatest was in the heavy thinning plot because thinning was involved with leaving the felling residual biomass (leaves, branches and roots) on the site. According to the results from this short-term study, unthinned stands is preferable for maximizing standing biomass as well as carbon sequestration. However long-term investigation should be considered in order to see more clear results.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제67권1호
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• pp.28-30
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• 1984

형광색소(蛍光色素) DAPI(4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, 2HCI)와 형광원미경(蛍光願微鏡)을 이용(利用)한 조직화학적(組織化學的) 기법(技法)으로 빗자루병(病)에 걸린 대추나무 조직내(組織內)의 마이코플라스마 분포(分布)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果), 빗자루병징(病徵)이 나타나 있는 가지에서는 외관상(外觀上) 건전엽(健全葉)을 포함(包含)하여 모든 잎과 줄기에서 마이코 플라스마가 검출(檢出)되었으나 병징(病徵)이 나타나 있지 않은 가지의 잎과 줄기에서는 마이코플라스마가 검출(檢出)되지 않았다. 또한 감염(感染)된 나무의 뿌리조직(組織)에서도 뚜렷한 형광반응(蛍光反應)이 나타남으로써 마이코플라스마가 뿌리조직(組織)에도 많이 존재하고 있음을 알 수 있다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2000

The coat protein gene of iris severe mosaic potyvirus, which was isolated in Korea, ISMV-K, from iris plant was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The coat protein of the virus contained 252 amino acid residues, including five potential N-glyxosylation site motifs. The coat protein of ISMV-K has 99.1% and 98.4% sequence identities with those of the Netherlands isolate of ISMV (ISMV-Ne) form crocus for the nucleotide and amino acids, respectively. The coat protein of ISMV-K has 50.4% to 60.3% nucleotide sequence identities and 47.3% to 55.7% amino acid identities with those of other 21 potyviruses, indicating ISMV to be a distinct species of the genus. The coat protein of ISMV-K was closely related with bean yellow mosaic virus and clover yellow vein virus in the phylogenetic tree analysis among the potyviruses analyzed. ISMV was easily and reliably detected from virus-infected iris leaves by RT-PCR with a set of the virus-specific primers.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
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• pp.99-99
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• 2017

Chili pepper (Capsicum annum) is origin of subtropical region, and has been spread all over the world. It is increasing the production and consumption in recent year. Chili peppers are readily incorporated into local South Asian cuisines perhaps because people are already familiar with pungent and spicy flavors. Chili peppers, despite their fiery "hotness", are one of very popular spices known for their medicinal and health benefiting properties. Especially in South East Asia, they grow up so many cultivars of them recently, so it is so important crop world wide. In South East Asia, there are some articles about chili pepper in Thailand and Indonesia, but in Vietnam there is not so much information about chili pepper. In this paper, we analyzed genetic diversity in Vietnamese Chili pepper through the survey of local chili pepper. As a result, we got 38 kinds of chili fruits, 26 kinds of leaves and some information from farmers all in Vietnam. And I made the phylogenetic tree by SSR with 10 DNA markers. Finally we found the genetic similarities by regions.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제101권4호
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• pp.635-639
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• 2012

뽕나무 오갈병 파이토플라스마 매개곤충을 알아보기 위하여 뽕나무 재배지에서 채집된 곤충 중 흡즙성 곤충 3 종(Hishimonas sellatus, Bothrogonia japonica and Balclutha punctata)를 선발하였다. 이들 흡즙성 곤충을 뽕나무 이병주에서 흡즙시킨 다음 건전 뽕나무와 일일초로 전반시킨 결과, 마름무늬매미충(H. sellatus)과 B. punctata이 파이토플라스마를 전반하였다. 뽕나무에서는 전형적인 오갈 증상을 보였지만 일일초에서는 가지가 가늘게 늘어지며, 잎은 총생하고 작아지는 빗자루증상이 나타났다. 매개충과 매개전염시킨 뽕나무와 일일초에 대하여 R16F2n/R2 프라이머로 PCR 검정 결과 끝검은말매미충을 제외한 모든 시료에서 파이토플라스마가 검출되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.643-649
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• 2002

Availability of feeds and fodder and amount of their intake by large ruminants in eight different agro-ecological zones (AEZ) of Bangladesh were recorded over a year. Roughages such as straw, naturally grown green grass, water hyacinth, tree leaves, legumes and sugarcane tops were the major feedstuffs fed to the large ruminants. Amount of intake of these ingredients differed (p<0.01) across AEZ studied, but did not differ across seasons or farmers' categories (p>0.05) except for green grasses (p<0.01). Byproduct concentrates offered to animals in the studied areas were rice bran, wheat bran and different oil cakes. The amount of intake of concentrates by the animals also differed (p<0.01) across AEZs, but did not differ across seasons or farmers' categories (p>0.05), except for rice bran and wheat bran which differed between season and farm category, and season respectively (p<0.01). The large standard errors of mean indicate that there are wide variations in intake of roughages and concentrates across AEZ's, seasons and farmers' categories and even across days. This further indicates that the feeding practices of large ruminants are largely heterogeneous. In addition to feeding roughage and concentrates, the animals were allowed to graze for six hours a day. Grazing hours also differed (p<0.01) across AEZ, but not by farmers' categories or seasons.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2018

Callophylum symingtonianum (Guttiferae), an evergreen broad-leaved tree that usually grows in hill forests, can be found distributed in the Malay Peninsula. The barks, leaves, flowers and seeds is often used medicinally to treat diarrhea and rheumatism. In the present study, we isolated two inophyllum type coumarins, 12-O-ethylinophyllum D (1) and iso-soulattrolide (2) from the stembarks of C. symingtonianum together with their antibacterial activity. The compounds were isolated by chromatographic methods on a silica gel. The structures were established by spectroscopic methods including UV, IR, (1D and 2D) NMR and mass spectrometry as well as by comparison with several literature sources. The antibacterial activity of those compounds was tested using a disc-diffusion assay against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Both compound exhibited mild inhibition against P. aeruginosa with both $111{\mu}g/ml$ MIC value. Compound 2 also inhibits S. aureus with $25{\mu}g/ml$ MIC value.

• 식물병연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.135-139
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• 2005

한국의 남부지방에 소재하는 대부분의 매실 과수원에서 매실궤양병이 발견되었다. 감염된 나무에서는 과실에 검은 반점과 함께 잎에는 갈색 병반을 보이며, 감염된 줄기나 가지의 균열에서 붉은색의 세균 유출액이 흘러나오는 등 일반적으로 알려져 있는 궤양병의 징후가 나타났다. 16지역에서 분리한 38개 균주에 대하여 생리, 생화학적 특성을 (LOPAT과 GATTa실험)조사하고 16S rDNA 및 ITS 염기서열을 분석함으로써 매실궤앙병의 원인 세균을 동정하였다. 이 결과와 병원성 검정을 통해 한국에서 매실에 궤양병을 일으키는 원인 세균은 Pseudomonas syringae pv. morspnnorum임을 알 수 있었다.