• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.17
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• pp.7159-7162
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• 2014

Background: Patients with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma are considered to have a very poor prognosis, and new regimens are needed to improve the prognosis in this setting. Gemcitabine, a nucleoside antimetabolite, is an analog of deoxycytidine which mainly inhibits DNA synthesis through interfering with DNA chain elongation and depleting deoxynucleotide stores, resulting in gemcitabine-induced cell death. Here we performed a systemic analysis to evaluate gemcitabine based chemotherapy as salvage treatment for patients with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma. Methods: Clinical studies evaluating the impact of gemcitabine based regimens on response and safety for patients with osteosarcoma were identified by using a predefined search strategy. Pooled response rates (RRs) of treatment were calculated. Results: In gemcitabine based regimens, 4 clinical studies which included 66 patients with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma were considered eligible for inclusion. Systemic analysis suggested that, in all patients, pooled RR was 12.1% (8/66) in gemcitabine based regimens. Major adverse effects were hematologic toxicity, including grade 3 or 4 anemia, leucopenia and thrombocytopenia in gemcitabine based treatment. No treatment related death occurred in gemcitabine based treatment. Conclusion: This systemic analysis suggests that gemcitabine based regimens are associated with mild activity with good tolerability in treating patients with recurrent or refractory osteosarcoma.

• Journal of Korean language education
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.115-144
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to compare the two different instruction methods for Korean learners of academic purposes in learning request expression. Participants were divided into two groups, explicit and implicit group. Both groups viewed several scenes from the drama that involved native speakers interacting in different situations. The instructional treatment for the explicit group included metapragmatic information while the treatment for the implicit group did not. On the other hand, the treatment for the implicit group followed implicit techniques, which were repetition of the video presentation and a script reading activity. This study was made up of a pre-test, a post-test, and a delayed-test. The pre-test was conducted prior to the instructional treatment. The post-test was administered a day after the last instruction and the delayed-test was conducted five weeks after the treatments. Two types of tests, speaking and writing, were used in this study to examine subjects' knowledge of Korean request. The result of this research reveals that implicit treatment was more effective than explicit treatment in Korean learners' request acquisition. This results might have been due to the operationalization of the implicit condition in this study. Implicit instruction may help language learners make rules by themselves through tasks.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 2019

Surgical treatment to restore stability in the ankle and hindfoot and prevent further degenerative changes may be necessary in cases in which conservative treatment has failed. Anatomical direct repair using native ligament remnants with or without reinforcement of the inferior retinaculum is the so-called gold standard operative strategy for the treatment of lateral ankle instability. Non-anatomical lateral ligament reconstruction typically involves the use of the adjacent peroneus brevis tendon and applies only those with poor-quality ligaments. On the other hand, anatomic reconstruction and anatomic repair provide better functional outcomes after the surgical treatment of chronic ankle instability patients compared to a non-anatomic reconstruction. Anatomical reconstruction using an autograft or allograft applies to patients with insufficient ligament remnants to fashion direct repair, failed previous lateral ankle repair, high body mass index, or generalized ligamentous laxity. These procedures can provide good-to-excellent short-term outcomes. Arthroscopic ligament repair is becoming increasingly popular because it is minimally invasive. Good-to-excellent clinical outcomes have been reported after short and long-term follow-up, despite the relatively large number of complications, including nerve damage, reported following the procedure. Therefore, further investigation will be needed before widespread adoption is advocated.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.193-204
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• 2015

Purpose: With the increasing prevalence of orthodontic treatment in adults, clear aligner treatments are becoming more popular. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of orthodontic treatment on periodontal tissue and to compare orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances (FA) to clear aligner treatment (CAT) in periodontitis patients. Methods: A total of 35 patients who underwent orthodontic treatment in the Department of Periodontology were included in this study. After periodontal treatment with meticulous oral hygiene education, patients underwent treatment with FA or CAT, and this study analyzed patient outcomes depending on the treatment strategy. Clinical parameters were assessed at baseline and after orthodontic treatment, and the duration of treatment was compared between these two groups. Results: The overall plaque index, the gingival index, and probing depth improved after orthodontic treatment (P<0.01). The overall bone level also improved (P=0.045). However, the bone level changes in the FA and CAT groups were not significantly different. Significant differences were found between the FA and CAT groups in probing depth, change in probing depth, and duration of treatment (P<0.05). However, no significant differences were found between the FA and CAT groups regarding the plaque index, changes in the plaque index, the gingival index, changes in the gingival index, or changes in the alveolar bone level. The percentage of females in the CAT group (88%) was significantly greater than in the FA group (37%) (P<0.01). Conclusions: After orthodontic treatment, clinical parameters were improved in the FA and CAT groups with meticulous oral hygiene education and plaque control. Regarding plaque index and gingival index, no significant differences were found between these two groups. We suggest that combined periodontal and orthodontic treatment can improve patients' periodontal health irrespective of orthodontic techniques.

• Journal of Evidence-Based Herbal Medicine
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.7-16
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• 2008

The main purposes of this study investigate as a cultural brand Oriental Medicine Cosmetics which has identification what images building up and which brand strategies are enforced refer to brand images of market. Follow this purpose, we want to investigate a concept of "Oriental Medicine Treatment" can become a brand or not through the Cosmetics. According to this purpose, we want to investigate that a concept of "Oriental Medicine" will be able to be Brand through the cosmetics. The Brand is emphasized the cultural value more than price and quality of the product. In case of "Oriental Medicine Cosmetics", above-mentioned fact is more important. Because "Oriental Medicine Cosmetics" is hard to divide into it's physical property and cultural character. What we want to comprehend through this investigation is, point out limitations of traditional marketing and the strategy of brand marketing which is possible to apply both the character and the history of "Oriental Medicine Cosmetics". Most important facts for this model, first, search for intermediately meanings for identification of "Oriental Medicine Cosmetics". Second, make a detailed plans after included the strategy of marketing communication at the inner part of cultural meanings. Should have done that, brand strategy and public relation tactics are composed in order identifiably with cultural. Finally, brand selling is able to move through the dimensional class. But it is necessary powerful mega brand for making a different level exceeding it's class.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 2001

Activated sludge processes are broadly used in the biological wastewater treatment processes. The activated sludge processes are complex systems because of the many factors such as the variation of influent flowrate and ingredients, the complexity of biological reactions, and the various operation conditions. The main motivation o this research is to develop an intelligent control strategy for activated sludge process (ASP). ASP is a complex and nonlinear dynamic system owing to the characteristic of wastewater, the change in influent flowrate, weather conditions, and so on. The mathematical model of ASP also includes the uncertainty which is a ignored or unconsidered factor from process designers. The ASP model based on Matlabⓡ/Simulinkⓡ is developed in this paper. And the model performance is examined by IWA (International Water Association) and COST (European Cooperation in the filed of Scientific and Technical Research) data. The model tests derive steady-state results of 14 days. In this paper, fuzzy logic control approach is applied to handle DO concentrations. The fuzzy logic controller includes two inputs and one output to adjust air flowrate. The objective function for the optimization, in the implemented evolutionary strategy, is formed with focusing on improving the effluent quality and reducing the operating cost.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.176-185
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• 2003

The SCM is on the effective treatment solution that has process schedule, material supplying, inventory management for perfect product these days. The SCM is innovative process activity to attain effective whole. It depends on the structure of approach because supplying network is consist of organization, budgeting, responsibility and authority. The major objective of the thesis was to propose the integration model and structure method technique of the SCM. Thus, to implement strategy model, firstly, it is determined repairs and non-effectiveness of supplying network. secondly, to set up future vision and goal, it is considered success factor of supplying net. thirdly, no gaps introduce between present and future of supplying net fourthly as above-mentioned consequence, Alternative is to set up integration and implementing model according to enterprise administration strategy .

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2005.06a
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• pp.151-157
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• 2005

For the treatment of regulatory clearance of the soils, a procedure for the radionuclides and radioactivity concentration analysis is under development. A strategy for soil sampling including random sampling after homogenization and standardization was set up. Statistical representativeness is considered for not only sampling strategy but also sample size. In this study, designed sample size was designed with confidence interval and error bound of soil using the pilot samples which were taken following the sampling strategy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.76 no.3
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• pp.105-113
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• 2014

From January 2012 up until March 2013, many articles with huge clinical importance in asthma were published based on large numbered clinical trials or meta-analysis. The main subjects of these studies were the new therapeutic plan based on the asthma phenotype or efficacy along with the safety issues regarding the current treatment guidelines. For efficacy and safety issues, inhaled corticosteroid tapering strategy or continued long-acting beta agonists use was the major concern. As new therapeutic trials, monoclonal antibodies or macrolide antibiotics based on inflammatory phenotypes have been under investigation, with promising preliminary results. There were other issues on the disease susceptibility or genetic background of asthma, particularly for the "severe asthma" phenotype. In the era of genome and pharmacogenetics, there have been extensive studies to identify susceptible candidate genes based on the results of genome wide association studies (GWAS). However, for severe asthma, which is where most of the mortality or medical costs develop, it is very unclear. Moreover, there have been some efforts to find important genetic information in order to predict the possible disease progression, but with few significant results up until now. In conclusion, there are new on-going aspects in the phenotypic classification of asthma and therapeutic strategy according to the phenotypic variations. With more pharmacogenomic information and clear identification of the "severe asthma" group even before disease progression from GWAS data, more adequate and individualized therapeutic strategy could be realized in the future.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.24
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• pp.73-75
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to propose the human resource management strategies of non-standard workers that can contribute to accomplishing both corporate social responsibility and business purpose in efficient and effective ways. For the purpose, this researcher investigated circumstances under which Korean companies are using non-standard workers and systems related to those workers. In Korea, the Non-Standard Workers Protection Act was enacted and revised, and became effective on July 1, 2007. The main provisions of the act are as follows. First, the systems of discriminatory treatment prohibition was legally stipulated, Second, restrictions on overwork for fixed-term and part-time employees and the written statement of working conditions were compelled. Third, only 26 kinds of jobs were permitted for worker dispatch in accordance with positive list system. To achieve their business purpose, companies often use standard workers, but sometimes non-standard workers unavoidably in accordance with their business strategy. This study propose main human resource management strategies of non-standard workers such as determining the scope of jobs, strengthening legal and systematic human resource management, improving human relations, extending the grievance procedure and converting non-standard workers into standard ones.