• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제15권11호
• /
• pp.4475-4482
• /
• 2014

Background: Cisplatin, a DNA damaging agent, induces apoptosis through increasing DNA fragmentation. However, identification of intrinsic resistance molecules against Cisplatin is vital to estimate the success of therapy. Bag-1 (Bcl-2-associated anthanogene) is one anti-apoptotic protein involved in drug resistance impacting on therapeutic efficiency. Elevated levels of this protein are related with increase cell proliferation rates, motility and also cancer development. For this reason, we aimed to understand the role of Bag-1 expression in Cisplatin-induced apoptosis in HeLa cervix cancer cells. Cisplatin decreased cell viability in time- and dose-dependent manner in wt and Bag-1L+HeLa cells. Although, $10{\mu}M$ Cisplatin treatment induced cell death within 24h by activating caspases in wt cells, Bag-1L stable transfection protected cells against Cisplatin treatment. To assess the potential protective role of Bag-1, we first checked the expression profile of interacting anti-apoptotic partners of Bag-1. We found that forced Bag-1L expression prevented Cisplatin-induced apoptosis through acting on Mcl-1 expression, which was reduced after Cisplatin treatment in wt HeLa cells. This mechanism was also supported by the regulation of heat shock protein (Hsp) family members, Hsp90 and Hsp40, which were involved in the regulation Bag-1 interactome including several anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family members and c-Raf.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.147-154
• /
• 2012

목적: 본 연구의 목적은 의식 없는 말기환자 가족의 연명치료 중단 결정 경험을 이해하기 위함이다. 방법: 자료는 의 없는 말기환자의 연명치료 중단 결정을 한 8명의 가족으로부터 심층면담을 통해 수집하였다. Colaizzi의 현상학적 분석 방법이 자료 분석을 위해 사용되었다. 결과: 주제는 12개의 주제모음으로 분류되었고, 12개의 주제모음은 마침내 5개의 범주로 통합되었다. 5개의 범주는 환자상태로 인한 절망감, 의료진의 권고에 마음을 비움, 환자의 바램, 돌봄으로 인한 가족의 소진, 연명치료와 관련된 과거의 경험이었다. 결론: 다섯 개의 범주를 통하여 의식 없는 말기환자 가족의 연명치료 중단 결정 과정에서 발생할 수 있는 현상들을 이해함으로써 적절한 상담과 간호를 제공하여 보다 바람직한 호스피스 완화의료 중재가 필요하다고 본다.

• 대한한의학회지
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.18-24
• /
• 2011

Objective: Leejung-tang (Rechu-to in Japanese) is a traditional Korean herbal formula used for treatment of gastrointestinal disorders such as vomiting, stomach pain, chronic gastritis and gastrointestinal ulceration. The present study was carried out to investigate the potential acute toxicity of Leejung-tang water extract (LJT) by a single oral dose in Crl:CD (SD) rats in compliance with current guidelines. Methods: In the preliminary study, there were no adverse effects such as death, clinical signs, and body weight changes at dose levels of 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg/day body weight. Based on the results, a dose of 2000 mg/kg was selected as the toxicological limited dose. LJT was administered once by gavage to male and female rats at dose levels of 0 and 2000 mg/kg bodyweight. During the study period, mortalities, clinical findings, and body weight changes were observed for 14 days following the administration. On day 14 after the treatment, the animals were sacrificed by carbon dioxide overdose and complete gross postmortem examinations were performed. Results: In present study, no treatment-related deaths were observed. There were no adverse effects on clinical signs and body weight changes. In addition, there were no observed gross findings in all groups except for a kidney cyst in the 2000 mg/kg/day female group. Conclusion: The results indicated that LJT did not induce toxic effects at a dose level up to 2000 mg/kg in rats and its median lethal dose ($LD_{50}$) was considered to be over 2000 mg/kg/day body weight for both genders.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.177-189
• /
• 2015

Objectives : To develop and validate a survey form for adverse events(AEs) associated with acupuncture and moxibustion treatment. Methods : The 1st version of a survey form consisting of 9 categories was developed and modified based on the analysis of questionnaires from previous studies on AEs. To evaluate content validity of the 1st version, a Delphi survey where experts in acupuncture and moxibustion, and research methodology were invited, was conducted alongside a separate content validity questionnaire. The content validity indices for each item and total scale were calculated as the proportion of the number of experts judging each item or scale valid to the number of total experts. Results : After the Delphi round 1, the content validity of 2 items and total scale was rated as inadequate. The 1st version was modified accordingly, and the 2nd version of the survey form was developed. The content validity of the 2nd version was assessed in the Delphi round 2 and the final version was completed after incorporating the expert comments. The final version consists of 13 questions regarding practitioner/patient information, condition/disease, intervention, treated body parts, safety issue and AE occurrence related with practitioner's behavior or instruments, AEs associated with treatment and emergency actions taken if necessary, time to AE occurrence, outcomes, serious AEs or death, and time to AE disappearance. Conclusions : This newly developed and validated survey form will serve to collect AEs associated with acupuncture and moxibustion treatments in Korea and contribute to establishing the evidence on safety of Korean acupuncture treatment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• 제16권17호
• /
• pp.7837-7841
• /
• 2015

Objective: To assess the safety of Liena polypeptide injection (produced by JILIN FSENS PHARMACEUTICAL CO.,LTD) combined with chemotherapy in treating patients with advanced cancers. Method: A consecutive cohort of patients with advanced cancers were treated with Liena polypeptide injection combined with chemotherapy. And chemotherapy for patients with advanced cancers were adopted from regimens suggested by NCCN guideline. Liena polypeptide injection was intravenously injected at a dosage of 2ml plus 100ml normal saline for continuous 7 days during chemotherapy as one course. After at least two courses of treatment, safety and side effects were evaluated. Results: There were 20 female and 14 male patients with advanced cancer recruited into this study, including 10 patients with breast, 8 patients with colorectal, 8 patients with lung, 4 patients with gastric, and 1 patient with esophageal cancer, as well as 1 patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 1 patient with low pharyngeal and 1 patient with urethral cancer. The median age of patients was 59 (40-82) years. Incidences of Grade 1 to 2 myelosuppression was observed in 5/34 patients, and Grade 1 to 2 elevation of hepatic enzyme was recorded in 3/34 patients. Adverse effects on the gastrointestinal tract were documented in 5/34 patients, and were Grade 1. No Grade 3-4 toxicities were diagnosed. No treatment related death was found. Conclusions: Liena polypeptide injection combined with chemotherapy was safe in treating several sites of tumors, that mainly included lung, colorectal and breast cancer. However, further study should be conducted to clarify the effectiveness of this treatment.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.640-646
• /
• 2005

This study was performed for the investigation of anticancer effects of Siegesbeckia glabrescens(SG) on HepG2 cells, a human hepatoma cell line. In the previous study, we examined the involvement of nitric oxide (NO) on anti-proliferative and apoptotic efficacy of SG in vascular smooth muscle cells. The possible mechanism of the apoptotic effects of SG was investigated in HepG2 cells. SG showed potent cytotoxic activity in HepG2 but not chang cells, liver normal cells. SG treatment caused morphological change such as cell shrinkage, nuclei condensation and cell blebbing in HepG2 cells. SG also increased the nitrite production of HepG2 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, L-NNA treatment inhibited the anti-proliferative effect of SG. From RT-PCR, SG decreased Bcl-2 but no affected on Bax. Western blot for procaspase-3 and COX-2 showed that degradation of procaspase-3 protein level or inhibition of COX-2 protein expression by SG treatment. In addition, the apoptotic effect of SG was also demonstrated by DNA laddering. In conclusion, SG-induced HepG2 cells death can occur via apoptosis which was dose-dependent, and associated with apoptosis-related Bcl-2/Bax gene expressions, COX-2 inhibition, caspase-3 activation and NO pathway. These results suggest that SG is potentially useful as a chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agent in hepatocellular carcinoma.

• 치위생과학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2020

Given that the demand for dental care for elderly individuals is expected to increase according to demographic changes, long-term roadmaps for the current health insurance system should be actively planned. The study aimed to investigate the health insurance system in Korea, compared to that of Japan, and suggest directions for the work of dental hygienists to provide basic data on efficient improvements in the health insurance system. Based on the collected data, the website was used to collect additional related data from Korea and Japan. The most common cause of death in Korea was malignant neoplasms, and most patients were hospitalized for diseases and disorders of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue. Dental care covered by Korean medical insurance for individuals aged 65 years or older was treatment oriented, such as dentures and implants, while in Japan, treatment-intensive items, such as visiting a dental hygienist for guidance and provision of home-care professional oral hygiene treatment, were covered. The percentages of remaining teeth in Korea and the percentage of remaining 20 teeth were 68.9% in those aged 65 to 74 years and 51.2% in those aged 75 to 84 years in Japan. A strategy for promoting oral health among elderly individuals should be established, and a multilateral intervention approach is required to prevent oral problems from leading to deterioration of whole-body health. The role of dental hygienists in providing comprehensive assessment to elderly individuals is important. In order to provide systemic oral care, it is necessary to introduce oral care systems according to the national policy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제82권3호
• /
• pp.190-193
• /
• 2019

Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) have been widely used as a key medication for asthma control. However, ICSs have been known to cause respiratory infections, such as pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis. Consequently, a dilemma exists regarding recommendation of persistent lifetime use of ICSs to mild asthma patients. Short-acting ${\beta}$-agonists (SABAs) have also been widely used for symptom relief. However, SABAs have been reported to increase the risk of asthma-related death, though incidences have been very rare. Consequently, a dilemma exists regarding recommendation of a SABA alone without an ICS or a controller to asthma patients even with very mild disease. In the real world, asthma patients tend to intermittently use ICS and more likely to be dependent on SABA since many patients want immediate relief of their symptoms. Consequently, a dilemma exists regarding the underuse of ICSs but the overuse of SABAs. One strategy for solving the presented dilemma would be identification of patients with asthma who require persistent use of asthma controllers. Such patients, who may be referred to as "persistent controller users," should continuously receive ICSs, even under controlled states of asthma. Another strategy would be a patient-adjusted, symptom-driven, intermittent-to-regular treatment combining low-dose ICS/rapid-onset long-acting ${\beta}$-agonists instead of using a SABA alone or with low-dose ICS for the asthma patients with mild disease. Both of these two strategies could avoid the risky treatment of a SABA alone without an ICS and could reduce the dose of ICS with the maintenance of asthma control.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.25.1-25.12
• /
• 2024

Background: Surgical excision is the treatment of choice for feline intracranial meningioma. Objectives: To report clinical findings, complications, and outcomes following surgery for feline intracranial meningioma. Methods: Medical records (01/2000-01/2017) of cats that underwent surgical excision of an intracranial meningioma at our institution were reviewed. Patient data included signalment, clinical signs, surgical technique, complications, histopathologic diagnosis, survival time, and owners' answers to a satisfaction questionnaire. Survival was assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test. Results: Twenty-six cats were included in this study. The exact cause of death was known in 17 cases and was not related to meningioma in 9/17 cases. Overall median survival time was 881 days (95% confidence interval 518; 1248). The age of the cat did not influence survival (p = 0.94) or the occurrence of complications (p = 0.051). Complications occurred in 13/24 cats, including dramatic complications in 4/24 cats. Most complications appeared in the first 24 hours post-surgery (12/13). Males had more postoperative complications (p = 0.042), including more seizures (p = 0.016). Cats with cranioplasty had fewer complications (p = 0.021). Clinical recurrence was confirmed in 3 out of 17 cats. Recurrence-free survival time was 826 days. Most owners (12/14) were satisfied with the outcome. Conclusions: Surgical treatment of intracranial meningioma in cats was associated with a long median survival time but also with a high rate of minor and major postoperative complications, including early postoperative seizures. Cranioplasty may reduce complications. Age at the time of surgery had no effect on outcomes.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제42권6호
• /
• pp.358-364
• /
• 2016

Objectives: To evaluate the results of elective neck dissection versus those of observation in the treatment of early stage oral squamous cell carcinoma and to identify factors related to recurrence and survival. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective study of 52 patients who underwent elective neck dissection and 27 who did not receive neck dissection. Results: In survival analyses, elective neck dissection showed a benefit in overall recurrence (P=0.027), especially in stage I patients (P=0.024). With regard to survival, the benefit was statistically insignificant (P=0.990). In multivariable analysis, overall recurrence was independently related to poor histologic grade (odds ratio [OR]=9.65, P=0.006), and cancer-specific death was independently related to advanced age (OR=6.3, P=0.022), higher clinical T stage (OR=15.2, P=0.01), and poorly differentiated histologic grade (OR=6.6, P=0.025). Conclusion: Though there was lower recurrence in the elective neck dissection group, there were no statistically significant results on survival. The characteristics of the tumor itself, such as clinical T stage and poor histologic grade, may be more important in cancer-specific survival.