• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.110-116
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• 2016

Background: Arthroscopic surgical repair is a better intervention than non-operative (conservative) treatment for patients with shoulder dislocations. This systematic review determined the numbers-needed-to-treat (NNT) and relative risk reduction (RRR) associated with arthroscopic surgical repair versus non-operative treatment in reducing recurrence rates among patients with first-time traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations. Methods: We searched Google Scholar, MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL from inception in 2015. All articles had to compare arthroscopic surgical repair and non-operative treatment and be written in English. We used the total number of subjects and the number of recurrent dislocations within each treatment to calculate the NNT and RRR for each study and the pooled data. Results: Six articles were selected and all clearly demonstrated that the arthroscopic surgical repair was more effective than non-operative treatment in reducing the recurrence episodes. The pooled NNT was 1.76 (95% confidence interval [CI]=NNT to benefit 1.50-2.13) and the pooled RRR was 86.0% (95% CI=77.0%-92.0%) among individuals who underwent arthroscopic repair. The average follow-up time was 56 months. Conclusions: A Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy level of evidence of 1 with a grade A recommendation supports the use of arthroscopic surgical repair over non-operative treatment in prevention of first-time traumatic anterior shoulder dislocations. We suggest that sports medicine practitioners consider the patients' age, occupation, and physical activity level when making a clinical decision.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.115-120
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• 2012

Although high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDCT/autoSCT) have improved the prognosis for patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (NB), event-free survival rates remain in the range of 30 to 40%, which is unsatisfactory. To further improve outcomes, several clinical trials, including tandem HDCT/autoSCT, high-dose $^{131}I$-metaiodobenzylguanidine treatment, and immunotherapy with NB specific antibody, have been undertaken and pilot studies have reported encouraging results. Nonetheless, about half of high-risk NB patients still experience treatment failure and have no realistic chance for cure with conventional treatment options alone after relapse. Therefore, a new modality of treatment is warranted for these patients. In recent years, several groups of investigators have examined the feasibility and effectiveness of reduced-intensity allogeneic stem cell transplantation (RI alloSCT) for the treatment of relapsed/progressed NB. Although a graft-versus-tumor effect has not yet been convincingly demonstrated in the setting of relapsed NB, the strategy of employing RI alloSCT has provided hope that treatment-related mortality will be reduced and a therapeutic benefit will emerge. However, alloSCT for NB is still investigational and there remain many issues to be elucidated in many areas. At present, alloSCT is reserved for specific clinical trials testing the immunomodulatory effect against NB.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.67-74
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• 2023

Perioperative treatment with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy for resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has proven clinical benefits in terms of achieving a higher overall survival (OS) rate. With its success in the palliative treatment of NSCLC, immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has now become an essential component of treatment, even as neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy in patients with operable NSCLC. Both pre- and post-surgery ICB applications have proven clinical efficacy in preventing disease recurrence. In addition, neoadjuvant ICB combined with cytotoxic chemotherapy has shown a significantly higher rate of pathologic regression of viable tumors compared with cytotoxic chemotherapy alone. To confirm this, an early signal of OS benefit has been shown in a selected population, with programmed death ligand 1 expression ≥50%. Furthermore, applying ICB both pre- and post-surgery enhances its clinical benefits, as is currently under evaluation in ongoing phase III trials. Simultaneously, as the number of available perioperative treatment options increases, the variables to be considered for making treatment decisions become more complex. Thus, the role of a multidisciplinary team-based treatment approach has not been fully emphasized. This review presents up-to-date pivotal data that lead to practical changes in managing resectable NSCLC. From the medical oncologist's perspective, it is time to dance with surgeons to decide on the sequence of systemic treatment, particularly the ICB-based approach, accompanying surgery for operable NSCLC.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.305-319
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• 1999

The objective of this study were to evaluate the relation between post-examination management states of dental caries in elementary school students and a mother's dental health beliefs. We systematically chose 10 elementary school in urban and rural areas of Chungnam Province and determined the first class students of 5 and 6 grade in each school as study subjects. Among 837 participants, 669 students were diagnosed with dental caries after a 1998 periodic dental health examination was answered completely and analysed. The contents of the questionnaire for students were general characteristics, dental health behaviors, notification factors, treatment factors. Their mothers were surveyed by another questionnaire. The contents of the questionnaire for mothers were also general characteristics, dental health behaviors, and dental health beliefs. The result of this study were as follows 1. The prevalence of dental caries was 65.0% and there was no significant difference between urban and rural areas. 2. Meanwhile, 63.8% of students in urban areas knew the examination result through a doctor's explanation, 52.4% of students in rural areas learned through a school notification letter, 82.9% of all the students let their parents know of their dental caries. 3. Among the dental caries group, 36.3% of the students were treated as for treatment, most students in urban areas visited a dental clinic, but those in rural areas visited the dental dept of a public health center as for the treatment time, 35.9% of the students were treated immediately after the examination. 4. 44.9% of those treated answered that they felt they needed treatment; 67.2% of those not treated answered that they considered the treatment as a bother and unnecessary due to no pain. 5. Overall, the scores in the dental health beliefs in mothers were low. Especially among the 5 items of susceptibility and seriousness, the scored were very low but the benefit was high. Logistic regression analysis showed that the treatment of a child's dental caries was significantly associated with low scores of benefit in those untreated and high scores among those treated. Considering these results, health education to stimalate a mother's susceptibility and seriousness in health beliefs and for students to learn the need for treatment, including a more detailed post exam management system at the school level should be considered for a higher treatment rate.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.49-63
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• 1995

Examination at the spine is dependent on assessment of function. At all spine levels a number of general anatomical considerations hold sway which together dictate the format of the evaluation. Because disc lesions are common and generally responsive to treatment, the examination sets out to differentiate between disc lesions and the other sources of pain as well as establishing the particular treatment that will benefit any given displacement. As elsewhere in the body, displacements give rise to certain characteristic symtoms and signs. First, the history is indicative. Second, any loose fragment in the joint restricts spinal movement in some but not all directions, producing the non-capsular pattern characteristic of internal derangement. Third, a displacement protruding posteriorly interferes with the dura mater ; apart from pain, this adversely affects the dura's normal painless mobility. Fourth, a displacement protruding laterally connects with the appropriate nerve root emerging from the dura mater. Finally, compression of the spinal cord strongly contraindicates manipulation, the primary treatment for cartilaginous displacements.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.189-198
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• 2002

Objective : To research the trend of the study related to rheumatoid arthritis(RA) and to establish the hereafter direction of the study on RA. Methods : We have selected 12 medical report about RA in Arthritis & Rheumatism and Journal of Rheumatology recently, reviewed them, and investigated their methods. Results & Conclusions : The pattern of study was as follows: physical & serologic research in 2 articles, immunologic research in 7 articles, and genetic research in 3 articles. There is now evidence of the benefit of treatment early in the disease course and evidence of the impact of treatment on outcomes. New classes of therapeutic agents have also been introduced. Wherever possible, these revised guidelines are evidence-based. By the above results, it would be needed further research on RA mechanism related immunologic and genetic process.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.448-456
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• 2016

Dental care is becoming more available on the NHI(National Health Insurance) in Korea. Especially, complete denture, partial denture, dental scaling, and dental implant has been applied by NHI from 2012 to 2014. Although, the entire nation is not eligible for the benefit now, the more dental coverage of NHI is extended, the more regulaition is tightened. Essential documents for proof of correctness of dental treatment covered by NHI are dental records and the receipt book. Summary of regal regulation about them is as follows 1. Chief complaints of patients, diagnosis, progress, and act of treatment, drugs and materials of treatment, doctor's sign, date and hour should be placed accurately on dental record 2. Dental clinic should collect patients sharing of the dental cost covered by NHI. 3. Dental clinic should keep the receipt as proof of purchase of dental drugs or materials.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.471-476
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• 2010

The majority of childhood cancer survivors and their families will be psychologically healthy, but may desire and benefit from preventive care. A significant portion of the survivor population will be psychosocially distressed in various aspects by their harsh experience of long cancer treatment, and may warrant professional intervention and treatment. Pediatricians should be aware of the late psychological effects that can occur a year or 2 after treatment, possibly in many aspects of a survivor's life. Not only the cancer diagnosis, but also treatments such as chemotherapy, irradiation, and surgical intervention may exert different long-term effects on the psychosocial outcomes of survivors. Pediatricians need to be more concerned with maintaining and improving the psychological health of this growing number of childhood cancer survivors through long-term follow-up clinics, community support, or self-help groups. Research on all of the psychosocial aspects of childhood cancer survivors is important to recognize the reality and problems they face in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2017

Despite improved treatment outcomes of locally advanced disease over the last 2 decades, the survival of patients with recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains dismal. There is a clear need for development of novel therapeutic strategies for recurrent and/or metastatic HNSCC. Recent advances in understanding tumor immunology have been directly and rapidly translated into clinical success of T cell-directed immunotherapeutic approach in the treatment of several types of solid cancers. Among them, impact of immune checkpoint inhibition using neutralizing antibodies is the most striking. A variety of immunotherapeutic strategies targeting T cells have been also studied in HNSCC, especially in recurrent and/or metastatic setting even with significant survival benefit. The present article reviews the basic concept of T cell-directed immunotherapy and the current status of such approaches in the treatment of HNSCC.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.151-162
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medicine on endometrial cancer patient after laparotomy. Methods: The patient with endometrial cancer who underwent Total Abdominal Hysterectomy (TAH), Bilateral Salpingo Oophorectomy (BSO), Bilateral Paraaortic Lymph Node Dissection (BPLND) was treated by Korean medicine such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion. To evaluate the patient, symptoms were measured by Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG). Blood tests including cancer biomarker were conducted during treatment. Results: After treatment, postoperative pain and general weakness were gradually relieved. Conclusions: This case provides us treatment with Korean medicine have substantial benefit on postoperative complications after laparotomy.