• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.133-147
• /
• 2012

Asia is becoming a stronghold for innovation careers along with its resurgence in economic, political, and cultural arenas. This transformation happened on the backdrop of growing enrolments in higher education, increasing investments in scientific research & innovation, and innovation supportive policy measures by several Asian countries. Research and Development (R&D) and product customization centres of multinational corporations (MNCs) sited in emerging nations are also instrumental in this transformation.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 2000

For large DNA fragment transformation in dicots and monocots, BIBAC2 vector system was applied to Arabidopsis thaliana and Oryza sativa L. cv. Jinmi as a model plant, respectively. For Arabidopsis, the Th1 gene in T23L3 BAC clone whose size is about 90 kb was used as the target gene source for transformation. Because T23L3 BAC clone was originally constructed in pBelloBAC11, the target gene was reconstructed into BIBAC2. As the results of reconstruction, 476 colonies were survived in selection medium containing 40 mg/L kanamycin. In colony hybridization analysis, 24 out of 476 colonies exhibited positive signals. In the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis, 11 out of 24 positive clones exhibited the band at the location of 90 kb. In Southern hybridization, positive signal band at the location of 90 kb was observed in all 11 transformants. Using these verified clones, Agrobacterium-mediated transformation was applied to Arabidopsis thaliana th1-201 mutant for genetic complementation test. Twelve thousands T$_1$ seeds were harvested, and antibiotic selection test is being analyzed to verify whether these seeds were transformed. for rice, COR356 that contains 150 kb human genomic DNA in a BIBAC2 vector was used as the target gene. As the results of transformation, 151 out of 210 co-cultivated calli were survived in selection medium containing 5 mg/L hygromycin, and 45 out of 151 survived calli were regenerated into plants. Transformation efficiency was 21.6%. Progeny test using 71 seeds is being analyzed now. These results provide the potential that large DNA fragments can be transferred into both dicots and monocot by Agrobacterium-mediate d transformation system.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2023

Single-Page Application(SPA) requires data transformation for communication with RESTful API. The Backend for Frontend(BFF) pattern handles this transformation in the server, but there is some problem that increases the number of communication and makes development and distribution difficult. In this study, we propose an architecture that maps the ViewModel of SPA and the model of RESTful API directly in SPA. The proposed architecture automatically generates a mapping model between the RESTful API model and the ViewModel using the OpenAPI specification, which is the document model of the RESTful API. The data transfer component of SPA automatically converts RESTful API data and ViewModel using the created model. As a result of comparison with the existing BFF method through case study, the proposed architecture showed higher development productivity than BFF, and as a result of load tests, it recorded about 6% lower server CPU occupancy compared to BFF.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.299-310
• /
• 2022

Environmental protection has been infused into the development of numerous fields by the Chinese government. The government's implementation of green development has also shifted its focus to green transformation and governance of highpolluting companies. In the context of green and sustainable development, this study employs DEA data envelopment analysis to compare the operating efficiency of listed firms that implemented Green Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) in China in 2018. The conclusions of this study are as follows: First, China's green M&A enterprises are unevenly dispersed among the country's east, middle, and western regions. Second, compared to before the implementation of Green M&A, operational efficiency has improved in most industries. Third, the difference in Green M&A across industries is generally favorable, showing that most organizations have improved their operational performance as a result of Green M&A implementation. In 2018, however, the gap in operating efficiency is more negative. Fourth, whereas the eastern and western areas' operational efficiency has improved as a result of Green M&A, the central region's has not. Based on this conclusion, this study makes recommendations for China's future sustainable development of heavily polluted firms.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.64 no.5
• /
• pp.763-775
• /
• 2021

Objective : Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) can be occurred after acute cerebral infarction. HT can worse symptoms in severe cases and adversely affect long-term prognosis. As bone and vascular smooth muscle are composed of type 1 collagen, we aimed to identify a potential relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and HT after acute cardioembolic stroke. Methods : As an indicator of BMD, we used mean frontal skull Hounsfield unit (HU) values on brain computed tomography (CT). Multivariative hazard ratios were calculated using Cox regression analysis to identify whether the osteoporotic condition was an independent predictor of HT after acute cardioembolic stroke. Results : This 11-year analysis enrolled 506 patients who diagnosed as acute cardioembolic infarction. The first tertile of skull HU value was an independent predictor of HT development compared to the third tertile (hazard ratio, 2.12; 95% confidence interval, 1.13-3.98; p=0.020). We observed no interactions between age and skull HU with respect to HT statistically. Conclusion : The results of this study revealed an association between osteoporotic conditions and HT development after acute cardioembolic stroke. A convenient method to measure the cancellous bone HU value of the frontal skull using brain CT images may be useful for predicting HT in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.205-210
• /
• 2003

Various types of high strength steel sheets were usually used for improving the automobile safety and fuel efficiency by reducing the vehicle weight. The present study aimed to develop the TRIP (transformation induced plasticity) aided high-strength low carbon steel sheets by using a reverse transformation process. The 0.1C-4~8Mn steels were reverse-transformed by slow heating to intercritical temperature region and then furnace cooled to the room temperature. Granular type retained austenite was observed in 4Mn steel and lath type retained austenite was also observed in 6~8Mn steel. The results show that the 6Mn steel under reverse transformed at $625^{\circ}C$ for 6 hrs has maximum elongation up to 39%. The optimum strength-elongation combination was 3,888 ($kg/mm^2{\times}%$) when the 8Mn steel was reverse transformed at $625^{\circ}C$ for 12 h.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.28-47
• /
• 2022

Rapid development of information and communication technology is leading the digital transformation (hereinafter, DT) of various industries. At this point in rapid online transition, fashion manufacturers operating offline-oriented businesses have become highly interested in DT and artificial intelligence (hereinafter AI), which leads DT. The purpose of this study is to examine the development status and application case of AI-based digital technology developed for the fashion industry, and to examine the DT stage and AI application status of domestic fashion manufacturers. Hence, in-depth interviews were conducted with five domestic IT companies developing AI technology for the fashion industry and six domestic fashion manufacturers applying AI technology. After analyzing interviews, study results were as follows: The seven major AI technologies leading the DT of the fashion industry were fashion image recognition, trend analysis, prediction & visualization, automated fashion design generation, demand forecast & optimizing inventory, optimizing logistics, curation, and ad-tech. It was found that domestic fashion manufacturers were striving for innovative changes through DT although the DT stage varied from company to company. This study is of academic significance as it organized technologies specialized in fashion business by analyzing AI-based digitization element technologies that lead DT in the fashion industry. It is also expected to serve as basic study when DT and AI technology development are applied to the fashion field so that traditional domestic fashion manufacturers showing low growth can rise again.

• Journal of Plant Biology
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.23-32
• /
• 1989

We have developed a plasmid vector, pKCH1, for the purpose of higher plant transformation. It contains the promoter region of cauliflower mosaic virus 35S transcript (P35s) and the terminator region of nopaline synthase gene (Tnos) with unique cloning sites, Bam HI and Xba I, between them. After inserting a foreing gene at the cloning sites, P35s-foreign gene-Tnos cassette can be recovered by using a restriction enzyme Hind III.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.170-176
• /
• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to improve the method for determining the position of the center of gravity for agricultural tractors. Methods: The proposed method uses trigonometric functions and coordinate transformation. Data were measured according to the ISO 789-6 test procedures for the center of gravity of agricultural tractors. The height calculated using the proposed method was compared with that determined from an AutoCAD drawing. To find the center of gravity of the tractor, the algorithm for finding the intersection of the two lines was used. Results: The vertical height from the ground to the center of gravity is 682.06 mm. The vertical coordinates obtained from the calculation and the drawing were the same. Conclusions: The developed method uses trigonometric and polar coordinate transformation. The method was compared and verified with the AutoCAD drawing results. The results indicate that users can apply this developed method instead of the plotting method which is an inconvenient and time-consuming. Further, users can program Microsoft Excel to easily determine the vertical coordinate. In addition, researchers will propose this method to the ISO as a standard method for determining the center of gravity in accordance with ISO 789-6.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
• /
• 1996.06a
• /
• pp.79-109
• /
• 1996

In order to transform the underground utility data into the 3-D spatial objects, this thesis defined the type of the 3-D spatial objects and the storage structure of objects, and developed the spatial data transformation system that transforms the 2-D underground utility data into the pre-defined 3-D spatial objects through the Booch Method, an object-oriented development method. For this sake, the relational data model of ARC/INFO and the storage structure are analyzed, as well as the pre-requisites, required for the 3-D visualization of the underground utilities. Also, the 2-D underground utility data, saved in ARC/INFO, were transformed into the ASCII files through the internal pre-processing procedure, then used as the input data of the transformation system. In addition, to develop the transformation system, the object-oriented development methods are studied first and, then, applied to the system analysis and the design procedure with the Booch Method as a development method. Finally, the results of analysis and design procesure are implemented through AML, a ARC/INFO macro language, and C++, an object-oriented programing language. As a result of this study, the 3-D spatial objects that can visualize the 2-D utilities in 3-D, are acquired, and the adaptation of object-oriented development method to the system development procedure enabled an effective development prodedure.