• Korea Trade Review
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.157-179
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• 2020

This study presented the results of meta-analysis through topic modeling among the papers published in the Journal of the International Trade Association for the purpose of presenting academic research trends in the field of trade insurance and future research directions. Among the total 2,010 papers included in the Journal of the Korea International Trade Association, the analyzed paper covers the subject of trade-related insurance. According to detailed topics, 33 marine insurance (42.31%), 16 export insurance (20.51%), 11 hull insurance (14.10%), and 18 others (23.08%), and 4 other products liability insurance. According to the empirical analysis results, Topic 1 was classified as marine insurance, airworthiness, notice obligation, and collateral, and Topic 2 was derived as a representative topic for loading insurance, emergency risk, and immunity as export insurance. And Topic 3 was classified as vessel, sinking and container in relation to ship insurance, and Topic 4 was analyzed as an important topic such as manufacture and British marine insurance. Through the analysis results, we selected the representative topic used for the trade insurance topic and looked at the status of major research. Trade insurance is an area that requires the development of more theoretical and practical research subjects as an optimal risk management means in international trade transactions. To this end, first, support from the Korea International Trade Association is needed to establish a continuous research subject sharing system for the development of research subjects in the field of trade insurance. Second, academic journal operation management must be continuously managed in which academic research papers can be submitted and published.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.1-19
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• 2022

Purpose - This paper analyzes the economic and non-economic factors that contribute to environmental sustainability by reducing CO₂ emissions, based on G20 panel data. Design/methodology - We conduct a comparative analysis of advanced and developing economies during 1995-2016. To examine the impact, an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) model was employed, incorporating additional explanatory variables such as internet use, renewable energy, and services trade. Findings - The empirical findings show the existence of an inverted U-shaped EKC phenomenon between GDP per capita and CO₂ emissions in G20 economies, with the turning point at a per capita GDP level of US$ 38,340. Moreover, an inverted U-shape relation exists between internet use and CO₂ emissions, with the turning point at a 44% internet use rate. The comparative analysis show that the inverted U-shape curve only exits in advanced economies, with turning points of US$ 42,356 per capita GDP and 27% internet use rate, respectively. Renewable energy and services trade have a greater negative impact on CO₂ emissions in advanced economies than in developing economies. Originality/value - Renewable energy and services trade have a greater negative impact on CO₂ emissions in advanced economies than in developing economies. Overall, the results suggest the role of internet use, renewable energy and services trade in sustainable development in G20 countries.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.25-45
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• 2009

The e-Trade environment has enabled the complex trade processes to be automated using e-Trade information systems, which had been manually processed through many trade-related parties in the past. Korea has completed the development of the most advanced e-Trade platform called "u-Trade Hub," which can process automatically all the trade-related activities from marketing to payment. It is anticipated for the world trade environment to have more FTAs throughout the world and this will complicate the trade processes more and more in the future. This means the constant cost-bearing updates of the e-Trade environment to adapt the process changes brought by new FTAs with other countries. In this paper, we propose the systematic approach to easily as well as less costly adapt the possible trade process changes resulted from the future FTAs by adopting a rule base management system. The prototype system to test the applicability of the proposed approach is developed using Win-Prolog 4.8 environment.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.25-43
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• 2020

This study mainly measures the level of trade facilitation in member countries along the "the Belt and Road" and discusses the impact of trade facilitation on bilateral trade. Based on the research results of domestic and foreign scholars, this study made a new systematic measuring system which covering 4 indicators and 15 subordinate indicators, to obtain the trade facilitation index. Based on the extended gravity model, this paper conducts a panel data, for more than 50 major trading members along the "the Belt and Road" during 2010~2017 as an example to empirically study the relationship between the trade facilitation level of major trading members and the volume of China's import and export trade. The results show that the level of trade facilitation among member countries is not high and the trade facilitation variable has positive value, indicating that the trade facilitation variable has positive effect on increasing bilateral trade. If the trade facilitation increases by 1% respectively, the bilateral trade level will increase by 0.98% separately. Finally, according to the regression results of four aspects of the trade facilitation index system, e-business development plays the most significant role in promoting trade facilitation.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.87-100
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• 2019

A country's participation in international technical standards development directly relates to its trade competitiveness. Many countries adopt international standards or influence their development process through the ISO/IEC. This study applies the ABCD Model to assess such activities through a constructed ITS index, not only in terms of 'level' of contribution but also in terms of 'process' participation that can give important implications related to the future potential influence of countries in standards development. Having examined seven countries, Korea showed the lowest score implying the need to enhance its performance in both 'international standards adoption' and 'internationalization of domestic standards'. Korea needs to more actively participate in currently on-going standards development processes, establish more offices that improve accuracy in the development, and consider participating in additional committees where domestic interests may potentially be at stake. Although KATS has improved greatly in regards to its relevant activities and database construction, a more active and specific plan must be made to allow its efforts to successfully influence Korea in international standards development. Confronted with strong challenges from directly competing countries in trade like China and Japan that showed better ITS scores, there is a need for Korea to step up its research and participation in this field.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.46
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• pp.237-261
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• 2010

Resent East Asian economic growth has lead the increase of global trade volume and global logistics to the level of full-scale development as aiming to have quantitative growth in world trades in one hand and increasing mutual dependence among the East Asian Economic Bloc on the other. In other words, East Asian economic current growth is going along as connecting with 2 different process that are the increase of global trade volume and the technical development of global logistics system. And mutual dependence among the East Asian Economic Bloc shows the deepening trend in production and consumption. While having the flow of expansion in East Asian trade volume and logistics network in mind, this paper will study on trend in East Asian intra-trade and then study on change & tasks in the East Asian Logistics system.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.83-107
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• 2014

This paper studies the effects of economic development and cultural proximity as common determinants of trade in cultural goods in a dynamic preference selection model. For the empirical analysis, this paper utilizes the gravity framework with importer fixed effects and Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimators. This paper applies the model to Korean export of broadcasting contents to Asian countries. The relative economic development of the export country and the market size of the import country are important determinants of cultural trade, the results of which are generally consistent with traditional goods trade. However, the distance variable does not show much significance, reflecting the unique characteristics of trade in cultural goods.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.77-96
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• 2019

This paper examines the relation between the skill premium and international trade given differences in the relative supply of skills across countries while allowing the South (developing countries) to develop its appropriate technology. Typical assumptions put forward in the literature state that either technology is exogenously given, or technical change is allowed only in the North (developed countries). I present a model of international trade with endogenous growth by allowing the South to direct its technology. The results show that more R&D is directed towards skill-augmenting technology in the North than in the South, in sectors with the same skill-intensity. Technical change induced by lowering trade costs can increase the skill premium in both the North and the South. This result can explain the empirical observation that the skill premium has increased within many developing countries after they experienced trade liberalization. Finally, the model predicts larger gains from trade compared with the model where technical change is either not allowed, or allowed only in the North.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.53-80
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• 2021

The main objective of this study is to determine whether there have been TFP increases in the Korean manufacturing sector due to trade liberalization since the 1990s. Based on the methodology proposed by Pavcnik (2002), which focuses on the channel through which trade liberalization measures enhance overall industrial productivity by triggering the exit of low-productivity firms, this study tests the following two hypotheses: first, the TFP increase in the Korean tradable industry is not higher than that in the non-tradable industry, and second, plants with lower TFP levels did not exit from the tradable industry. Through the rejection of these two hypotheses, it is possible to infer indirectly the effect of trade liberalization on firm productivity rates in Korea since the 1990s. First, this analysis reveals that since the 1990s, the TFP of the tradable sector compared to the non-tradable sector presented a statistically meaningful increase only in the 2000s, when China joined the WTO and trade increased sharply between Korea and China. Secondly, TFP growth in the tradable sector was positively affected by exits, as it was plants with lower TFP levels that ceased to exist.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.628-646
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• 2010

The subject of this research is the small-scale trade between South Korea and China (this trade is a so-called shuttle trade.) This research attempts to find the background to the emergence of the Sino-South Korean (cross-border) small-scale trade and the role of travel routes between the two countries. This research also aims to identify the development process of the bilateral small-scale trade by studying the scale of the small-scale trade and the organization of small-scale traders. Moreover, this research tries to discover the spatial characteristics of the interregional small-scale trade by reviewing the characteristics of traded goods; process of export and import and nodes of small-scale trade. To accomplish aforementioned purposes, the author discussed the relations between small-scale traders and maritime companies. The author also studied the internal change in the small-scale trade by focusing on the reinforcement of the regulation against the small-scale trade. Lastly, the author cited the case of the Soviet Union and middle-eastern Europe, which tremendously expanded the small-scale trades in the 1980s, in order to explain the growth of the Sino-South Korean small-scale trade.