• Title/Summary/Keyword: total suspended particulate

Search Result 149, Processing Time 0.032 seconds

Performance Analysis of a Hydrodynamic Separator for Treating Particulate Pollutants in Highway Rainfall Runoff

  • Yu, Jianghua;Yi, Qitao;Kim, Young-Chul
    • Environmental Engineering Research
    • /
    • v.14 no.4
    • /
    • pp.262-269
    • /
    • 2009
  • This study examined the separation characteristics of particles in the rainfall runoff from paved roads using a ${\varphi}7.5$ cm hydrocyclone. The volume fraction and total suspended solids concentrations in the overflow and underflow from the hydrocyclone, as well as the separation efficiency were determined. The results indicated that the overflow volume increased with increasing operational pressure, but decreased with decreasing ratio of underflow outlet to inlet sizes ($D_u/D_i$), while the underflow to overflow volumes showed contrary behavior. The total suspended solid (TSS) concentration ratio between the overflow and inflow ($TSS_{over/in}$) decreased as a function of the operational pressure, while the corresponding ratio of underflow to inflow ($TSS_{under/in}$) increased. There was no visible difference in the $TSS_{over/in}$ with increasing $D_u/D_i$ ratio, but the $TSS_{under/in}$ decreased sharply. The particle removal efficiency was mainly affected by the particle size.

Characteristics of Particle Size Distributions Generated in the Vicinity of Building Blasting Demolition Sites (발파해체현장에서 발생하는 순간분진의 입경분포 특성)

  • Lee, Kyoung-Hee;Kim, Hyo-Jin;Park, Chan-Gyu;Ko, Kwang-Baik
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
    • /
    • v.18 no.1
    • /
    • pp.41-47
    • /
    • 2009
  • In building demolition work, major dust-generating activities are blasting concrete and rock. The aim of this study was to find the characteristic of particle size of dusts which were generated during building demolition work using explosion. The DustMate of the Turnkey-Instruments Ltd. was used for particulate size-selective sampling of the four sites. TSP(Total Suspended Particle), PM10(Particle Matter $10{\mu}m$), PM2.5(Particle Matter $2.5{\mu}m$), and PM1.0(Particle Matter $1.0{\mu}m$) were measured during building demolition work using explosion. The large particulate (higher than the diameter $10{\mu}m$) showed to be higher than 50%. The particulate ranged from $10{\mu}m\;to\;2.5{\mu}m$ showed about 30-40%. PM2.5 was not scarcely detected in the samples collected for building demolition work using explosion. We conclude that the dust generated during building demolition work using explosion has not most respirable particulate.

Trace Metals of Suspended Particulate Matters in the Keum River (금강 부유물중 미량 금속의 함량과 이동)

  • 최만식;이창복
    • 한국해양학회지
    • /
    • v.30 no.5
    • /
    • pp.371-381
    • /
    • 1995
  • To investigate the concentrations and transport patterns of particulate metals in river suspended matters, eighteen samples were collected from a fixed station located in the upper part of the Keum River through one year, and analysed for major elements (AI, Fe, P, Mn) and trace elements (Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, U). The contents of metals in suspended particulate matters (SPM) varied greatly with season and SPM load; maximum value in winter with low SPM level and minimum value in flood period and in spring Yangtze SPMs. The different trace metal level between rivers of Korea and China may be caused by the different geology of drainage basin(U) and by the different extent of anthropogenic input (Mn, Pb). Most of all particulate metals (>70%) except Mn, P and Cd were transported in the flood period with high water discharge and high suspended load. The magnitude of each transport phase (dissolved, non-detrital and detrital metals) was compared. The portions of labile metals (dissolved plus non-detrital metals) in the aquatic environment were in the range of 50%(Co) to 92%(Mn) of total metal transport and in the rank of Mn>Cd, U>Cu>Zn>Ni>Pb>Co.

  • PDF

Assessment of Health Risk Posed by Orgnic Substances of Suspended Particulate Matters in a Heavy Traffic Area of Seoul (교통 혼잡지역의 대기 부유분진중 유기혼합물에 의한 발암위해성 평가)

  • Shin, Dong-Chun;Lim, Young-Wook;Park, Seong-Eun;Chung, Yong
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
    • /
    • v.12 no.5
    • /
    • pp.567-576
    • /
    • 1996
  • Air pollution has been recognized for many years as a factor which heightens the risk of cancer. Extractable polycyclic organic matters in air particulates have been recognized as to have carcinogenic effects. This study examined the health risks posed by organic substances of air particulates in Seoul based on methodelogies that have been developed for conducting risk posed by organic substances of sir particulates in Seoul based on methodologies that have been developed for conducting risk assessment of complex -chemical-mixture. The data used in this study was obtained from air samples collected in a heavy traffic area of Seoul (Shinchon) from 1986 to 1994. The mean concentration of total supended pariculates was 158.0.mu.g/m/msup 3/, 5% of which is consisted of organic matter. The excess cancer risk from benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) was estimated to be 3.48.times.10$^{-6}$ by applying BaP unit risk estimates to the mean concentration. 8.74ng/m BaP equivalents of potency method was 1.0.times.10$^{-3}$ . The calculated risk from EOM were comparably higher than that from benzo(a)pyrene and exceeded the acceptable risk level.

  • PDF

Estimation of Source Contribution for Ambient Particulate Matters in Suwon Area (수원지역 입자상 오염물질의 오염원 기여도의 추정)

  • 이태정;김동술
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
    • /
    • v.13 no.4
    • /
    • pp.285-296
    • /
    • 1997
  • The suspended particulate matters had been collected on quartz fiber fiters by a cascade impactor having 9 size stages for 4 years (Sep. 1991 to Dec. 1995) in Kyung Hee University-Suwon Campus. Membrane filters were used to collected the particulate matters on each stage. The weight concentration on each stage was obtained by a microbalance and further chemical element levels were determined by an x-ray fluorescence system. Based on these chemical information, our study focused on applying the target transformation factor analysis (TTFA), a receptor model, to identify aerosol sources and to apportion quantitatively their mass contribution. There are total of 63 ambient data sets. Each data set consists of the 8 size-ranged subdata sets characterized by 16 elemental variables. By the results, four to five sources were extracted from each size range and some sources reappeared in other size ranges. Then total of 8 source profiles were statistically generated from all the ranges, such as oil burning source, soil source, field burning source, gasoline related source, coal burning source, marine source, glass related source, and unknown sources. Apportioning aerosol mass to each source was intensively examined by investigating emission inventories near the study area. The results showed that soil particle source was the most significant contributor. However, coal and oil burning sources were the major anthropogenic ones. The study finally proposed some air quality control strategies to achieve the clean air quality in Suwon area.

  • PDF

Estimation of Source Contribution of Particulate Matter in Taegu Area using Factor Analysis (다변량 통계분석법을 이용한 대구지역 부유분진의 오염원 기여도 추정)

  • 최성우;송형도
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
    • /
    • v.26 no.4
    • /
    • pp.1-8
    • /
    • 2000
  • The objective of this study was to identify the sources and to estimate the source contributions to the atmospheric TSP(total suspended particulate matter) and PM-10(particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters less than 10$\mu\textrm{m}$) concentration in Taegu area. A total of 84 samples was collected during the January to December 1999. TSP and PM-10 were collected on filters by portable air sampler, and heavy metals in TSP and PM-배 were analyzed by ICO(Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometery) after preliminary treatment. The results were follow as : First, annual average of TSP and PM-10 concentration was 123 and 69$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ respectively. The concentration of TSP and PM-10 were highest in winter season compared to other seasons. Second, the concentration of Al, Fe, Mn were higher in TSP than in PM-10, indicating that these heavy metals are generally associate with natural contributions. Third, metal combinations showed that a high correlation among concentrations of heavy metals were follows: As Al, Fe and Mn in TSP ; Ni, Cr, Cd and Pb in PM-10. Finally, Statistical analysis was performed using Principal Components Analysis(PCA) in order to find possible sources of the pollutants. The factor analysis was permitted to identify four major sources(soil/road dust resuspension, waste incineration, furl combustion, vehicular emission) in each fraction. These source accounted for at least 83, 85% of variance of TSP and PM-10 concentration in Taegu area.

  • PDF

A study of distribution characteristics of unidentified particulate components in an urban area (도시환경의 총부유먼지 중 미지성분의 분포 특성에 대한 연구)

  • Kim, Yong-Hyun;Kim, Ki-Hyun;Park, Chan-Koo;Shon, Zang-Ho;Song, Sang-Keun
    • Analytical Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.25 no.2
    • /
    • pp.133-145
    • /
    • 2012
  • The quantitative composition of total suspended particulates (TSP) in the atmosphere is identified to consist mainly of ions, organic carbon (OC), element carbon (EC), and metals. In terms of environmental analysis, the rest of the TSP composition may be defined as unknown fraction (${\Sigma}X$) which is yet difficult to analyze both quantitatively and qualitatively. In this study, the major components of TSP were measured at an urban residential area (Gang Seo) in Seoul, Korea from February to December 2009. These TSP data were analyzed in various respects to explain the relationship between known and unknown constituents. During this study period, TSP was comprised mainly of unknown compounds (48.6%) followed by ions, OC, EC, and metals. The results of this study indicate that the distribution of ${\Sigma}X$ exhibits a strong similarity with ${\Sigma}Anions$, as they both increase with increasing TSP levels. However, if the concentrations of ${\Sigma}X$ and ${\Sigma}Anion$ are normalized against TSP, they exhibit a strong inverse correlation with each other due probably to larges differences in solubility. To establish a better strategy for air quality control in urban atmosphere, more efforts are needed to characterize unidentified proportion of particulate matters.

Air particulate matters and daily mortality in Ulsan, Korea (울산시의 대기 중 분진과 일별 사망에 대한 연구 (1991년$\sim$1994년))

  • Lee, Jong-Tae;Lee, Seong-Im;Shin, Dong-Chun;Chung, Yong
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
    • /
    • v.31 no.1 s.60
    • /
    • pp.82-90
    • /
    • 1998
  • A large number of studies have indicated associations between particulate air pollution and daily mortality. Daily measurements of total suspended particulates (TSP) by high volume air sampler were matched to daily death counts supplied by the National Statistics Office, Korea. All deaths, except deaths from accidents, occurred at Ulsan from 1 January 1991 to 31 December 1994 were considered in the poisson regression analysis. The multiple regression models were used to investigate a main effects of air particulate pollution controlling for $SO_2$ levels, air temperature, relative humidity, seasonal variation, and calendar year. The results indicated that the effects of TSP, $SO_2$, temperature, and relative humidity were not significantly associated with all cause mortality. It could, however, be emphasized that the size of the parameter estimate of TSP was very similar to that of previous studies. An increase in particulates of $100{\mu}g/m^3$ was associated with a 3% increase in mortality. This relationship was observed at TSP levels well below the current National Ambient Air Quality Standard of $150{\mu}g/m^3$ in Korea as well.

  • PDF

Source Characteristics of Particulate Trace Metals in Daegu Area (대구지역 부유분진 중 미량금속성분의 발생원 특성연구)

  • 최성우;송형도
    • Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
    • /
    • v.16 no.5
    • /
    • pp.469-476
    • /
    • 2000
  • This study was performed to understand the behavior and source characteristics of particulate trace metals in Daegu area. To do this, total of 84 samples had been collected from January to December 1999. TSP (total suspended particulate matter) and PM-10(particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters less 10${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$) were collected by filters on portable air sampler, and in TSP and PM-10 were analyzed by ICP(Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometer) after preliminary treatment. The results were follow as: first, annul means of TSP and PM-10 concentration were 123 and 69$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎤ respectively. The concentration of TSP adn PM-10 were highest in winter season compared to other seasons. Second, the concentration of Al, Fe, Mn were higher in TSP than in PM-10, indicating that these metals are generally associate with natural contributions. Third, a hierarchical clustering technique was used to group 9 metals. The results from the cluster analysis of TSP and PM-10 shows a similar clustering pattern : Fe, Al in a group and the rest of the metals such as Ni, Cr, As, Mn, Cd, Pb, Zn in the other group. One group of metal such as Fe, Al is associated with natural sources such as soil and dust. The other is closely related to urban anthropogenic sources such as fuel combustion, incineration, and refuse burning, Finally, using Al as a reference element, enrichment factors were used for identifying the major particulate contributors. The enrichment factors of Al. Fe<10 (standard value of enrichment factor) were considered to have a significant dust and soil source and termed nonenriched. Ni, Cr, As, Mn, Cd, Pb, Zn》10 is enriched and has a significant which is contributed by athropogenic sources.

  • PDF

A Comparative Study on Ambient Air Quality Standards for Particulate Matters (입자상 오염물질의 대기환경기준에 관한 비교연구)

  • 허정숙;남보현;김동술
    • Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
    • /
    • 1999.10a
    • /
    • pp.353-354
    • /
    • 1999
  • 입자상물질에 관한 초기연구는 TSP (Total Suspended Particle)에 집중되었으나, TSP만으로는 인체에 미치는 영향이나 시정악화 같은 현상을 정확하게 설명한 수 없었다. 보건학적 관점에서, PM10과 사망률사이에 강한 상관관계가 있는 것으로 조사된 바 있으며 (Pope et al, 1995), 특히 PM10 중에서 미세입자 (PM2.5미만)는 인체에 미치는 영향이 더욱 큰 것으로 알려지고 있다 (Joel et al., 1996). 이에 따라 입자상 물질의 규제 관리는 미세입자 측면에서 강화될 필요가 있다.(중략)

  • PDF