• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1078-1083
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• 2002

Effects of chitosan-soybean curd (prepared using chitosan as a coagulant), commercial soybean curd and chitosan powder on serum lipid metabolism were investigated with rats fed high-fat diet for 6 weeks. Food intake of experimental groups fed high-fat (HF), chitosan-soybean curd (CSC), soybean curd (SC), or chitosan powder (CP)diet was lower compared to t]tat of normal group. Body weight gain was lower in rats fed the CSC, SC and CP diets than in rats fed the HF diet. There was no significant difference in total cholesterol concentration among all groups, but HDL-cholesterol concentration was higher and LDL-cholesterol concentration was lower in rats fed the CSC, SC, CP diets than in rats fed the HF diet. Total lipid level was lower in rats fed the SC and CP diets than in rats fed the HF diet. Increment of triglyceride level and decrement of phospholipid level in rats fed the HF diet were recovered significantly by the CSC, SC and Cf diet. Our results indicate that chitosan-soybean curd prepared under the commercial processing condition may provide the beneficial effect on lipid metabolism even though its effect didn't show any significant difference compared to that of commercial soybean curd under the present experimental conditions.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.217-221
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• 2002

Age-related osteopenia and osteoporosis are common in postmenopausal women due to decrease in bone mass and ovarian function. A therapy for osteoporosis would depend on only drugs to inhibit bone loss, hormonal replacement therapy, exercise and dietary supplementation and it is very hard to fad an ideal therapy for osteoporosis as yet. Chlorella which is rich in minerals such as calcium magnesium fatty acids, vitamins and sterol, could be applicable for prevention and co-treatment of osteoporosis, but it has yet to be studied. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between the effect of dietary chlorella on bone mineral density (BMD) and nutritional improvement. BMD was measured in the femural neck and lumber spine portion. Nutritional and bone turnover markers from blood samples were assessed serum lkaline phosphatase, hemoglobin, number of erythrocytes and total protein. Studies for the femur neck measurement showed that normal BMD increased 2.1% for the group fed chlorella supplemented diet for four month and increased 6.6% fur group treated for one year when compared to the control group, and for the lumber spine measurements the few month group showed an increase of 9.1% over the control group, the one year group showed an increase of 64.2% over the control group. Hemoglobin content, number of erythrocytes and total protein showed similar increased patterns with BMD measurement, meanwhile, serum alkaline phosphatase increased 3% for the four month group and decrease 16% for the one year group compare to the control group. In conclusion, the postmenopausal women fed chlorella supplemented diet results in an increase in BMD. This is a marked increment in lumber spine, enhancement of nutritional state and stable bone turnover. This data showed a positive relationship between BMD and nutritional change with chlorella treatment, and suggested that chlorella dietary may lead to improving and preventing rapid loss of BMD in postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2000

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the effect of stage shift according to screening of stomach cancer. Methods : Total 840 cases of stomach cancer patients, undergone a surgical operation at Department of Surgery, Kangnam St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea from Jan. 1989 to Dec. 1995, were reviewed by stomach cancer working sheet, and classified as asymptomatic and symptomatic group based on the presence of subjective symptoms on their hospital visit. Their histopathologic stages were analysed. We compared the histopathologic stages of asymptomatic stomach cancer patients with those of symptomatic patients. Results : From the total of 840 patients, asymptomatic patients group comprised 28 cases (3.3%). Proportion of asymptomatic patients tended to increase from 1.9% in 1990, 0.9% in 1991 to 8.6% in 1995. Proportions of asymptomatic patients by stages were 78.6% (stage I), 3.6% (stage III), 17.9% (stage IV) and that of symptomatic patients by stages were 38.2% (stage I), 16.5% (stage II), 24.8% (stage III), 19.1% (stage IV). In less than 40 years old, 50.5% of symptomatic patients were diagnosed as stage I. With increment of ages, proportions of stage I were makedly decreased. It was significantly different between proportion of early gastric cancer in asymptomatic patients (60.1%) and that in symptomatic patients (25.0%). Conclusions : We confirmed stage shift according to screening of stomach cancer. And proportion of early gastric cancer in asymptomatic patients was higher than that in symptomatic patients. This results suggest that screening of gastric cancer be important to reduce mortality and if be indirectly started from 40 years old.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.266-271
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• 1994

The curd yogurt (total solid content: 14%) was prepared from milk added with skim milk powder and potato puree. Potato puree comprised 9.5. 13,8 and 17.9% (dry basis) of the milk-potato mixture, and the effect of potato on the quality of yogurt was investigated. Addition of potato remarkably stimulated acid production and propagation of lactic acid bacteria, and viable cells reached above $3.9{\times}10^{10}$ CFU/ml after 12 hours. As potato content increased, the ratio of lactic acid content to total acidity decreased, while citric acid increased. The major organic acids of yogurt were lactic acid, citric acid, and acetic acid. Viscosity of yogurt was increased in proportion to the increment of the potato content. After 24 hours of incubation, the sensory score of yogurt containing 13.8% (dry basis) potato showed better sensory acceptability. When curd yogurt added with potato was kept at $5^{\circ}C$ for 15 day, its keeping quality was relatively good. Viable cells of lactic acid bacteria and ${\beta}-galactosidase$ activity decreased rapidly at pH 1.5, and 2.5, but the group added with potato was more stable than control.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.174-181
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• 1988

A comparison was made the differences of growth and some yield components of two soybean ecotypes (summer and two autumn types) at different planting dates (15 April, 15 May, and 15 June) and also made the different patterns of dry matter accumulation of one summer type and two autumn types of soybeans at Agricultural Experiment Farm, College of Agriculture, Dankook University, Cheonan City, in 1987. [Planting date experiment] Days to emergence of four varieties were observed no difference. and, therefore, it was speculated that field observation of the difference of cold tolerence between varieties was difficult. Shortening rate of flowering clays as planting dates delayed was no different between two ecotypes, summer vs. autumn types of soybean. Summer types, DN82029-3 and ES18085-1, were observed not greater difference of days to maturity between early and late planting dates as compared with that of autumn types, Changyeobkong and Paldalkong. At late planting, summer types were observed more to hasten days to ripening due to high temperature in late growing season than that of autumn types. This caused to decrease somewhat greater rate of some yield componments, and finally yield as planting date delayed. As compared to autumn types, summer types, DN82029-3 and ES18085-1 showed longer stem height and lower airdry weight at late planting. [Dry matter accumulation pattern] Stem elongation after flowering of three varieties, DN82029-3, Changyeobkong and Danyeobkong, ranged 17 to 32 cm and increment of leaf area index 0.83-1.53. DN82029-3 reached 49 days faster in maximum total dry weight than that of autumn types, Changyeobkong and Danyeobkong. However. maximum total dry weight of DN82029-3 showed 50% to autumn types. At 15 May planting, summer type, day-neutrality, transfered faster into reproductive growth phase without enough growth of vegetative growth and also hastened ripening days, and thus lower dry matter accumulation and finally lower yield.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.323-328
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• 1988

The hop alpha-acid content prediction model developed with meteorological elements in Hoeongseong was Y=28.369-0.003X$_1$＋1.558X$_2$-1.953X$_3$-0.335X$_4$-0.003X$\sub$5/-0.119X$\sub$6/, with MSEp of 0.004, Rp$^2$ of 0.9987, Rap$_2$ of 0.9949 and Cp of 7.00. The total sunshine hours (X$_1$), the maximum temperature (X$_3$) and the total precipitation (X$\sub$5/) at flowering stage. the maximum temperature at flower bud differentiation stage (X$_4$) and the maximum temperature at cone ripening stage (X$\sub$6/) influenced on hop alpha .acid content as decrement weather elements. The maximum temperature at cone development stage(X$_2$) effected on ${\alpha}$-acid content as increment weather element.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2008

Traditionally mungbean (Vigna radiata L.) sprouts has been stored after dehydration to decrease their decay. The study was done to determine the effect of watering for final 12 hours of harvest day on morphological characters and color of mungbean sprouts. The seeds of cv. Zhong Lu 1 were soaked in 50 ppm BA solution immediately before 4 hour aeration and then cultured for 6 days, when water-supplied for final 12 hours or not. After packaged with PE envelops, the sprouts stored 5 days at $8^{\circ}C$, and their morphological characters, fresh and dry weights, and colors were measured everyday. Compared to non-water supplied, water supplied sprouts had thicker hypocotyl diameter in middle part, and higher total fresh weight due to increment of cotyledon and hypocotyl ones although the two sprouts did nearly same in other characters. Only nonwater supplied sprouts showed higher color b value in hypocotyl than water supplied ones although there were not significant differences between them in other color-related characters, meaning that the latter ones were more rapidly decayed during their storage. In non-water supplied sprouts, number of lateral roots, hypocotyl and root lengths, total fresh weight, brightness of hypocotyl and root was decreased since 3 days after storage but cutting resistance of hypocotyl was done since 5 days.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.767-774
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• 2008

This study investigated the effect of gamma irradiation (0.5, 1 and 2 kGy) on the microbial and physicochemical changes of apricot at $20^{\circ}C$ for 2 weeks. Total aerobic bacteria, yeasts and molds were significantly decreased with increasing dose level. Hunter's color value and hardness were decreased with increment of irradiation dose level. The contents of total sugar and reducing sugar were no significantly changed by irradiation. Hydrogen donating activity was decreased and organic acid and vitamin C contents were increased with elapse of storage periods in all samples. However, there was no significant change by gamma irradiation. Sensory acceptance of irradiated apricots had high acceptability during initial storage period, but it was decreased in comparison to nonirradiated sample with elapse of storage period. These results suggest that gamma irradiation was effective upon microbiological safety and it did not affect antioxidant activity, but not good on color and texture of apricot.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.89 no.2
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• pp.223-231
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• 2000

This study aims to clarify the effect of forest management practices(thinning and pruning) on water quality to get the fundamental information on the facility of cleansing water quality after forest operation. Rainfall, throughfall and stemflow were sampled at the study sites which consist of Abies holophylla and Pinus koraiensis in Kwangnung Experimental Forest for 6 months from May 4, to November 1, 1999. Average tree height in the management sites increased by 0.5m more than that in the non-management sites in Abies holophylla and Pinus koraiensis, respectively. Increment of average D.B.H. at the management sites grew 3.5cm and 2.6cm more in Abies holophylla and Pinus koraiensis compared with that at non-management sites. Average pH of the total amount for the event in throughfall and stemflow was higher than that of throughfall and stemflow of the beginning of the event at the management and non-management sites. Average electrical conductivity of throughfall and stemflow at the beginning of the event was higher than that of the total amount for the event at management and non-management sites. Water qualities of throughfall and stemflow were buffered more by the management practice in both. The forest management may affect purification of water quality of throughfall and stemflow in Abies holophylla and Pinus koraiensis.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.432-437
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• 1999

Age and growth of the marbled rockfish, Sebastiscus marmoratus were studied based on 818 specimens caught from the coastal waters of Cheju Island from July 1992 to July 1993 and from June 1994 to July 1995. According to the monthly changes of marginal increment in each annual ring groups, the ring of otolith was formed in both female and male in February. Relationship between the total body length (TL) and the radius of otolith (R) was estimated, Growth of females was rather slower than that of male in total length; TL=-0.526+4.818R(r=0.847) for female, and TL=-1.895+ 5.239R (r=0.881) for male. The growth curve fits well with Bertalanffy equation: $L_{t}=21.484(1-e^{-0.424(t+0.334)})$ for female and $L_{t}=23.698(1-e^{-0.441(t+0.0589)})$ for male, Growth in weight as follows: $W_t=163.42(1-e^{-0.424(t+0.334)})^3$ for female and $W_t=210.14(1-e^{-0.441(t+0.0589)})^3$ for male.