• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.203-211
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of obesity on self-rated health in Korean males and females. Methods: The 2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1) data were used. Participants included 1,231 males and 1,289 females aged 20 years or older and had no disease. Chi-square test, t-test, and multiple logistic regression with dummy variables using SAS 9.2 were performed. Results: From univariate analysis, total body fat was significantly greater in males with a self-perception of poor health (p=.006), and the percentage of total body fat was significantly greater in males and females with a self-perception of poor health (p for all=.001). After controlling for demographic and health behavior variables, similar results were found. Females with higher education had a healthy perception of their health. Smoking for males and drinking for females were significantly related to unhealthy perception of their health. Conclusion: The current study provides evidence that obese Korean males and females had worse self-rated health, even though they had no disease. In particular, it is important to note that the relatively direct obesity measures from Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, such as total body fat and percentage of body fat, were significantly related to self-rated health.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.21-29
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• 1988

This study was conducted to obtain more detailed information on the characteristics of body fat distribution, genetic variation and correlation of fat amount at different location in broiler type chicken. A total of 429 offsprings, produced by mating 13 sires with 52 dams of WPR, were used for this study. All experimental analyses were made on dressed carcasses of 8 weeks of age. The average live body weight was 1,856g in male and 1,483g in female, the proportions of each part to live body weight were higher in male group except skin and abdominal fat pad. The total body fat was more in male (40.76g), but fat rate of total body, skin, and abdomen to live body weight were significantly higher in female group. The fat percentages in each body location were significantly higher in the fatty group and in each sex. The rates of abdominal fat to total body fat were increased by fattening, while subcutaneous fat percentages were lowered. There were high correlations between body weight and fat deposit in each location. The genetic correlation coefficients of body weight to fat percentages of skinned carcass, skin, abdomen, and total body fat to live body weight were negative in both sexes, but those to total body fat, eviscerated carcass fat, and skin fat were positive. In conclusion, the fat weight and fat percentage in individual chickens became higher by fattening however, genetic correlation between live body weight and percentages total body fat to live body weight were so low(negative) that decreasing body fat could be possible without decreasing body weight.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.83-89
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• 1972

A survey on the nutritional state was conducted from June 11 to Nov. 30, 1971, on 673 women workers $(16{\sim}25\;yrs)$ Jorking in a factory of food industry. Total body fat content was measured by skin-fold thickness (S. F. T.) with caliper at three region of the body. And it was calculated by regression equation, with the following conclusions were abtained. 1. The mean with standard deviation body height and weight of the Korean women workers were $155.0{\pm}4.21\;cm$ and $50.1{\pm}5.31\;kg$; respectively. 2. Their mean skin-fold thickness with their standard deviation triceps region of upper arm, 14.3{\pm}3.42$; Subscapular region, $18.0{\pm}5.57mm$; Abdominal region, $19.3{\pm}4.87mm$ and total aveager, 17.2{\pm}3.91mm$. 3. The body fat contents according to body fat weight regression equation were;fat weight. 10.7 kg; fat-free weight, 39.4kg; fat weight/ fat-free weight, 27.5%; fat-free mass/ total body mass 77.6%, and fat weight/ total body mass,21.6%. 4. Since the sknin-fold thickness between the triceps and upper abdominal region and between the former and Subscapular region were correlated with the coefficients of 0.838 and 0.615 respectively. and the following regression equations were established. a) S. F. T. of Subscapular region $(mm)=0.929{\times}$S. F. T. of triceps region (mm)+4.707. b) S. F. T. of Abdominal $region(mm)=1.24{\times}$S. F. T. of triceps region(mm)+1.50. Nutritional survey on the women workers in a fact ory of food industry, performed as above by the S. F. T. method, elucidated the fact that their nutritional state is as good as the control healthy female, and that their energy uptake may well be said to be satisfactory.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.617-625
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• 1995

Distribution of wholesale carcass cuts and tissues was studied in Omani Dhofari bulls and steers raised under intensive management and slaughtered over a range of 110 to 210 kg body weight. The fore quarter of Dhofari cattle carcasses was heavier than the hind quarter with the chuck being the heaviest cut in the half carcass followed by the round whereas the flank was the lightest cut. Proportions of the fore quarter and its cuts increased whereas that of the hind quarter and its cuts decreased with increasing carcass weight. The fore quarter contained higher proportions of carcass tissues especially intermuscular fat than the hind quarter. The chuck and round contained the highest proportions of lean and bone and the flank the least. There was a general trend of increasing proportions of fat and decreasing proportions of lean and bone in carcass cuts and fore and hind quarters with increasing slaughter weight and age. As % total body fat (TBF), total carcass fat (TCF) increased whereas total non-carcass fat (TNCF) decreased. The largest proportion of TBF was deposited in the intermuscular site. Among the TNCF depots, the kidney and omental contributed the highest proportions whereas the pelvic and channel were the lowest. Proportions of M. rhomboideus and M. splenius increased in the half carcass whereas that of M. semitendinosus decreased as the cattle increased in size. The axial skeleton contributed 47.4-51.1, the fore limb 21.6-22.6 and the hind limb 23.9-26.2% of the total carcass bone. Proportions of axial skeleton increased whereas that of fore and hind limbs decreased with increasing slaughter weight and age. There were no major effects of castration on the distribution of weight of carcass cuts or carcass tissues. Steers had higher total body fat at 160 kg body weight and higher proportions of mesenteric, scrotal, pelvic, kidney and total non-carcass fat at 210 kg weight than bulls. As % of total body fat, steers fad significantly higher kidney and total non-carcass fat. There was little effects of castration on proportions of dimensions of individual muscles or bones.

• Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.14-20
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• 2001

A cross-sectional study to determine dietary intake and plasma triglyceride total cholesterol LDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol of 185K Korean men was conducted across three different age groups The younger group (age 21 to 34) was significantly (p<0.001) taller but showed lower (p<0.05) percent body fat than the older group (age 45 to 60) Weight and body mass index was not different among age groups. Older men showed significantly(p<0.01) lower energy and total fat intake than younger men Besides macronutrients, most participants consumed an adequate amount of micronutrients but calcium consumption of the middle age group (age 35 to 44) was less than 75% of RDA In older men plasma triglyceride(207.8$\pm$155.5 mg/dl) total cholesterol (201.4$\pm$40.0 mg/dl) and LDL-cholesterol(106.0$\pm$32.7 mg/dl) concentrations were significantly hight(p<0.001) than in younger men wereas no significant difference was observed in HDL-cholesterol concentration Subjects with a higher BMI(bMI$\geq$25.0) showed significantly higher (p<0.001) triglyceride(200.2$\pm$107.6 mg/dl) total cholesterol(211.0$\pm$40.1 mg/dl) LDC-cholesterol(118.16$\pm$35.5 mg/dl) concentrations and lower(p=0.001) HCL-cholesterol concentration (52.8$\pm$15.9 mg/dl) than subjects with lower BMI(BMI<23.0) Dietary intake of fat cholesterol did not show significant associations with any of the plasma lipid profiles. However, anima fat intake was significantly (p<0.05) correlated with plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations in the older age group. On the hand percent body fat was correlated (p<0.05) with all of the plasma lipid and lipoprotin concentrations examined for all age groups Results indicate both dietary intake and percent body fat are important determinants of the plasma lipid concentrations is the elderly but only percent body fat or body mass could be valid predictors for the plasma lipid concentrations of the younger age group.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.173-178
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of wax gourd on body weight, body fat, triglyceride, leptin and fat cell size in rats fed medium fat Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed with experimental diet containing total dietary fat at 20% of calorie with wax gourd (WG) for 4 weeks. Forty rats were divided into 4 groups including control, 5, 10, and 15% (w/w) WG supplement The results showed that weight gain was significantly higher in 5% WG than that in control (p<0.05), but was not different among the WG supplement groups. Total fat weight was significantly decreased in both 10 and 15% WG supplement groups than that of control. The levels of triglycerides and free fatty acids in the plasma were significantly decreased, particularly in 15% WG supplement group (p<0.05). The levels of leptin was not significantly different among the experimental groups. Fat cell size was significantly decreased in WG supplement groups compared to that of control group (p<0.05). Correlation among the parameters demonstrated that weight gain correlated positively with total fat weight, the levels of leptin and triglycerides. Taken these results together, 15% WG supplement diet substantially reduces total fat weight, triglycerides and free fatty acids levels and fat cell size in the rat fed midium fat.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 2024

Objectives The aim of this study was to determine the inhibitory effects of Bangpungtongsungsan extract (BTS) on fat accumulation in high-fat diet-induced young obese mice. Methods The extract was administered to 3-week-old C57BL/6 male mice fed with a high-fat diet. The experimental groups were divided into a control group (Ctrl), high-fat diet group (HFDF), and BTS treated group after high fat diet feeding (BTST), with 10 mice assigned to each group. Lipid synthesis was observed to confirm the inhibition of fat synthesis. Changes in body weight, body fat percentage, and total cholesterol in the blood were observed to confirm weight control. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1 positivity was observed to confirm the inhibition of fat accumulation in liver tissue. Results Bangpungtongsungsan significantly inhibited lipid synthesis. Changes in body weight, body fat percentage, and total cholesterol in the blood were significantly lower in BTST rats than in HFDF rats. PPAR-γ and SREBP-1 positivity were significantly lower in BTST rats compared to HFDF rats. Conclusions This study confirms the potential of BTST to inhibit fat accumulation in obesity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.727-733
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• 2011

This study was performed to examine the relationship between the body mass index (BMI), the body fat, and the serum lipids of post-menopausal women in rural areas. The subjects were 510 women aged 50 and over. As a result of this study, we found a trend of decreasing BMI as age increased, but body fat increased. In addition, there was a significant decreasing of the lean body mass than an increasing of the body mass index according to increasing age. Therefore, this study confirmed that a main cause of rural women being classified as obese is a decrease in lean body mass, rather than an increase in of body fat. Of all subjects, 36.3% ($18.5{\leq}BMI$ < 23) of all subjects were classified as having normal BMI, whereas only 21.4% were classified as having normal body fat. Out of 190 subjects who were body fat 30% and over, 38 subjects were classified as obese ($BMI{\geq}25$) and 113 subjects were classified as overweight ($23{\leq}BMI$ < 25). The percentile of those with a BMI of $25kg/m^2$ was 70, and they had 30.82% body fat. HDL cholesterol showed a negative correlation with anthropometric factors (height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, waist hip ratio, body fat), and total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides showed a positive correlation. Especially, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and hip circumference showed significant correlations. Because of differences in the body fat and lean body mass by age group, it seems difficult to assess obesity via BMI only. The elderly especially should have a higher significance placed on body fat or abdominal fat than only BMI.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.13-17
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• 2002

Present communication deals with quantitative determination of total lipid, triglycerides, total free fatty acids, phospholipids and total cholesterol in the fat body tissue of the silkworm adapted to low and high temperatures. At the end of spinning process is characterized by a marked cellular reorganization of the different lipid fraction of the fat body irrespective of thermal acclimation. Accordingly, the per cent composition of triglycerides of the total lipid is increased accompanied by a corresponding decrease in free fatty acids, phospholipids and cholesterol.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.451-459
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• 1995

This study was intended to figure out the effects of the amount and the distribution of body fat on the risk fators of adult disease. Sixty-four male college students paticipatied in this study, whose to find out body fat distributions were classified on the basis of Waist/hip ratio(WHR) into three groups-upper body type(UBTM), intermediate body type (IBTM) and lower body type(LBTM). Various risk factors such as adiposity, body fat ammount, serum lipid amount and blood pressure and their intercorrelations were analyzed. The three bodys type groups showed significant differences each other in weight(P<0.001), WHR showed considerable correlations with BMI and the percentage of body fat. The frequency of obesity assessed by BMI$\geq$25 and body fat percentage were the highest in the UBTM of the three groups. Thus, we could conclude that the closer the body fat distribution is to the upper body type, the higher the BMI and body fat percentage. Waist/girth ratio(WTR, P<0.01) and BMI(P<0.05) were positively correlated with serum triglyceride levels, and % of body fat was positively correlated with both serum triglyceride (P<0.01) and serum total cholesterol(P<0.05) levels. WHR (P<0.05), BMI(P<0.01) and % of body fat(P<0.01) also showed positive correlations with systolic blood pressure. From the above results, we could conclude that body fat distribution was a good index reflecting adiposity and body fat amount and that blood and serum amount of triglyceride was highest in the upper body type group showing the highest frequency of obesity.