• 한국의류학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2013

This study estimates the measurements required to make garments but omitted from Size Korea 2010. Before the estimation of the measurements, the differences of the measurement methods were reviewed through previous research related to clothing construction and various measurement protocols that include previous Size Korea 2010 projects and ISO. The research target was 308 females aged 20 to 30 who lived in Seoul and the surrounding Gyeonggi province. A total of 43 measurements were obtained by the direct measurement method and analyzed in this study. In addition, 17 measurements which differ from the measurement method were also measured directly. These 17 measurements items were waist height, waist back height, waist height natural indentation, body rise, rise length, waist back length 1 & 2, posterior shoulder length 1 & 2, arm length 1 & 2, upper arm circumference 1 & 2, elbow circumference 1 & 2, and waist circumference 1 & 2. To analyze the differences in measurements, the subjects were divided into 2 age groups (20's and 30's). The results were as follows: First, there were big differences in stature, waist height, shoulder length, total length, and neck shoulder point to breast points by age groups; however, there were no differences in 17 measurement (such as shoulder angles) by age groups. Second, it was determined that 'waist circumference 1 & 2', 'waist back length 1 & 2', 'arm length 1 & 2', 'elbow circumference 1 & 2', 'upper arm circumference 1 & 2' and 'body rise & rise length' had significant differences by measurement methods in the entire group as well as each age group. Third, the values of 8 measurements omitted from Size Korea 2010 were estimated using similar measurements. The results of the correlation analysis were utilized to select reasonable independent measurements. Finally, 10 regression equations were obtained by regression analysis; subsequently, these will be useful for estimation of omitted measurements in Size Korea 2010.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.71-83
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• 1995

The purpose of the study was to develop generalized equations for estimating stature and weight for the nonambulatory elderly persons. Height weight recumbent knee height total ann length, midarm, waist and calf circumferences, triceps and subscapular skinfolds were measured from over 60 years old 315 ambulatory elderly. The equations to predict stature and weight were derived from participants in the validation sample and were applied to the participants in the cross-validation to test the accuracy and validity of equations. Stature and weight were significantly and negatively associated with age of women and similar patterns observed in men but associated to a slight degree. Knee height and total arm length were highly correlated with stature but the majority of the variances in stature was accounted for by knee height for both the men and women. In men, waist circumference was the most significantly correlated with weight and am, calf circumferences and so forth. But in women arm circumference was the highest then waist and calf circumference in order. The possible predictor variables to estimate of stature were knee height total arm length and age for both elderly men and women. Predictor variables to estimate of weight were recumbent measures of waist am, calf circumferences and knee height for both sexes. Inclusion of skinfold thickness measurements did not improve the prediction power of estimation for weight. When both equations developed from the present study and Chumlea's study were applied to cross-valida-tions samples, the equations derived from present study showed better accuracy and validity. The presentation of prediction equations using two, three, or four recommended measurements allows the selection of an equation based upon the measurements that are possible to collect on an individual basis.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.418-424
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• 2019

백팩은 한쪽 어깨에 매는 가방에 비해 척추에 대칭적으로 무게분산이 가능하지만, 무게중심이 뒤쪽으로 이동하게 하여, 체간이 전방굴곡되는 자세 변형을 야기한다. 본 연구는 모멘트팔의 길이차이에 따른 가방 착용 시 균형과 보행에 미치는 영향에 대해 확인하였다. 정형외과적 손상 및 신경학적 손상이 없는 정상 성인 30명을 대상으로 하였다. 대상자는 1) 백팩 미 착용, 2) 일반적인 백팩, 3) 모멘트 길이를 감소시킨 백팩의 3가지 조건에서 각각 균형 및 보행을 측정하였다. 자세동요면적과 속도에서 백팩 미착용과, 일반적인 백팩, 특수 백팩의 3가지 조건에 따른 유의한 차이가 있었으나, 백팩의 모멘트팔의 길이에 따른 유의한 차이는 없었다. 양하지 지지기와 보행속도는 백팩 미착용과, 일반적인 백팩, 특수 백팩의 3가지 조건에서 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 양하지 지지기에서만 백팩의 모멘트팔의 길이에 따른 유의한 차이가 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 백팩 착용시 모멘트팔의 길이 변화가 보행에 도움이 될 수 있었다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제75권1호
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• pp.38-45
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• 1986

본 연구는 Juniperus chinensis 의 7 varieties와 Pinus densiflora의 한 변종에 대한 karyotype analysis의 결과로 다음과 같은 성적을 얻었다. 1) J. chinensis v. kaizuka, J. chinensis v. aureo-variegata와 J. chinensis v. procumbens 는 tetraploid 이다. 2) 각 수종의 염색체에 있어 긴 평균장과 긴 염색체를 많이 가지고 있는 수종은 J. chinensis와 J. chinensis v. aureo-globosa 이고 그 반대로 짧은 평균장과, 짧은 염색체를 가진 수종은 J. chinensis v. horizontalis 와 J. chinensis v. globosa 이다. 3) 각 염색체의 short arm에 대한 long arm의 평균비치가 큰 수종은 J. chinensis v. globosa 와 J. chinensis v. kaizuka 이고, 작은 수종은 J. chinensis v. aureo-globosa이다. 4) 염색체를 긴 순서로 배열할 때의 배열순서가 J. chinensis 의 배열상과 가장 근사한 수종은 J. chinensis v. sargentii, J. chinensis v. horizontalis, J. chinensis v. globosa 와 J. chinensis v. aureo-globosa이며, J. chinensis v. procumbens 는 배열상이 가장 다르다. 5) Pinus densiflora for. multicaulis는 염색체 평균장이 짧고, arm ratio 는 크다. 6) 염색체를 긴 순서로 배열할 시의 longarm 과 short arm의 배열순서가 6본의 염색체에서 같이 나타난다. 7) P. densiflora for. multicaulis는 secondary constriction이 많은 염색체에서 나타난다.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.50-57
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• 2019

This work presents a design and control method for a flexible robot arm operated by a wire drive that follows human gestures. When moving the robot arm to a desired position, the necessary wire moving length is calculated and the motors are rotated accordingly to the length. A robotic arm is composed of a total of two module-formed mechanism similar to real human motion. Two wires are used as a closed loop in one module, and universal joints are attached to each disk to create up, down, left, and right movements. In order to control the motor, the anti-windup PID was applied to limit the sudden change usually caused by accumulated error in the integral control term. In addition, master/slave communication protocol and operation program for linking 6 motors to MYO sensor and IMU sensor output were developed at the same time. This makes it possible to receive the image information of the camera attached to the robot arm and simultaneously send the control command to the robot at high speed.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제62권1호
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• pp.60-67
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• 1983

Abies 속(屬)에 있어서 한국자생종(韓國自生種)인 3종(種)과 일본(日本)에서 도입(導入)된 A. firma 등 4종(種)에 대한 유연관계(類緣關係)를 연구(硏究)하기 위하여 체염색체(體染色體)에 대한 핵형분석(核型分析)을 행(行)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 1) 체세포(體細胞)의 염색체수(染色體數)는 4개종(個種) 공(共)히 2n=24 이고 2) 단완(短腕)의 길이의 순(順)으로 염색체(染色體)를 배치(配置)했을 때 (1), 9번(番) 염색체(染色體)의 long arm이 A. holophylla가 다른 3종(種)에 비(比)해 길어서 종식별(種識別)의 특징(特徵)이 될 수 있으며 (2), 장완(長腕) : 단완비(短腕比)(b/a)치(値)도 종(種) 식별(識別)에 유효(有效)했으며 특(特)히 그 평균치(平均値)가 A. koreana와 A. nephrolepis가 유사(類似)하고, A. holophylla와 A. firma가 유사(類似)했다. 3) Short arm 의 길이의 순(順)으로 배치(配置)했을 때 b/a치(値)의 순위(順位)는 8개(個)의 염색체(染色體)가 A. koreana와 A. nephrolepis가 같은 순위(順位)에 있고 A. holophylla와 A. firma는 2개염색체(個染色體)가 각각(各各) 유사성(類似性)이 있었다. 4) Total length의 크기의 순(順)으로 염색체(染色體)를 배치(配置)했을 때 7번(番) 및 8번(番)의 염색체(染色體)가 A. koreana와 A. nephrolepis에서 서로 유사(類似)한 특징적(特徵的)인 염색체(染色體)였다. 5) Total length의 길이 순(順)으로 배치(配置)했을 때 b/a치(値)의 순위(順位)는 A. koreana, A. nephrolepis에서 6개(個)의 염색체(染色體)가 같은 순위(順位)이고 A. holophylla와 A. firma에서는 2개(個)의 염색체(染色體)가 같은 순위(順位)에 있다. 6) Long arm의 길이의 순(順)으로 염색체(染色體)를 배치(配置)했을 때 1번(番) 염색체(染色體)가 A. koreana와 A. nephrolepis에 있어서 b/a치(値)가 큰데 비(比)하여 A. holophylla와 A. firma의 b/a치(値)는 공(共)히 작았다. 이상의 결과(結果)를 종합(綜合)하면 핵형분석결과(核型分析結果) 염색체(染色體)의 크기, Centromere를 중심(中心)으로 한 단(短), 장완(長腕)의 크기나 그 비치(比値), 또는 단완(短腕), 장완(長腕), 전장(全長)을 각각(各各) 기준(基準)으로 하여 크기 순(順)으로 배치(配置)했을 때의 특이성(特異性) 등이 종(種)의 특징(特徵)과 수종간(樹種間)의 유연성(類緣性)을 나타내는 좋은 기준(基準)이 될 수 있었다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.167-172
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• 1986

본 연구는 단관백백레그혼순계 염색체의 형태적 특징과 크기를 명확히 구명하기 위하여 중심입지수, 등 완비 및 상대적 길이를 측정하여 이용하고 이들의 염색체 수를 밝혔다. 시험재료로서는 서울대학교 부속목장에서 사육중인 단관백색레그혼순계 암컷 20수와 수컷 5수를 공시하고 이들을 수정시켜 50개의 수정란에 대하여 염색체 분석을 하였다. 분석방법으로서는 중기상의 포착을 위하여 colchicine을 이용하고, hypotonic, fixation, air-drying 처리를 하여 나타난 초기 metaphase상으로서 핵형분석하였다. 시험 결과 분석된 각 염색체의 형태적 특징은 다음과 같다. 1. 1,2심 염색체 : meta 및 submetacentric으로서 이들 둘 간에는 크기에 따라 명확히 구분된다. 2. 3,4심 염색체 : 길이는 서로 비슷하나, 4심 염색체에서는 짧은 단완이 나타나고, 3심은 acrocentric 형태이다. 3. 5심 염색체 : 성염색체(Z)로서 metacentric 형태이다. W 염색체 역시 metacentric 이지만 7-8심 염색체 크기 정도이다. 4. 6심 염색체 : 3심과 같이 acro 형체이나 3심 염색체 크기의 반정도이다. 5. 7,8심 염색체 : 6심 크기의 반정도로서 길이는 서로 비슷하나 7심은 짧은 단완을 가지고, 8심은 acrocentric 염색체이다. 6. 9심 염색체 : 7심과 8심의 크기와 비슷하나 metacentric 양상이다. 7. 나머지 30쌍의 소형염색체 : 점의 형태로서 대부분 acrocentric 형태이다. 이 밖에도 염색체의 수에 있어서 관찰된 sample의 58%가 78개로 나타났고, 나머지는 72-77개로 나타남에 따라 이의 염색체 수는 최소 78개로 사료된다.

• Journal of Advanced Research in Ocean Engineering
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2018

This study was carried using the new approach method to design appropriately the Loading Arm length and the alarm setting according to ship movements on Loading and Unloading marine Berth. The quasi-static mooring analysis was performed to estimate 110,000DWT ship's movements based on environmental conditions such as wind, current and wave. The mooring motion of the ship is very important to determine the loading arm scope, and in this case, the operation condition is performed on the ship without considering the damaged condition of the mooring line because the ship movement in case of damage is larger than intact, and all operations are stopped, the loading arm being released due to control system. From the result of mooring analysis, motion displacements, velocities and accelerations were simulated. They were used to simulate the maximum drifting speeds and distances. The maximum drifting speeds were checked to be satisfied within drifting speed limits. The total maximum drifting distances were simulated with alarm steps of the new approach method. Finally, the loading arm envelopes using the total maximum drifting distances were completed. Therefore, it was confirmed that the new approach method for loading arm envelopes and alarm settings was appropriate from the above results. In the future, it will be necessary to perform the further advanced dynamic mooring analysis instead of the quasi-static mooring analysis and to use the precise computer program analysis for various environments and ship movement conditions.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2008

Background: Human body is formed of symmetric bilateral structures that are comprised of eye, upper arm, lower arm and etc. but, we are used only dominant components. The purpose of this study was to analysis length cognition ability in dominant eye. Methods: Total 88 persons (male 18, female 70) were participated in this study. They were tested with ‘hole in the card’ test for identification of dominant eye's side, then the length cognition ability was measured in right & left axillary level by describing 10cm line. Results: The results by independent t-test were as follows. In difference of length cognition ability in right axillary level between right dominant eyed group & left dominant eyed group, right dominant eyed group was superior to left dominant eyed group, but significant difference was not existed statistically(p>.05). In left axillary level, right dominant eyed group was superior to left dominant eyed group, but significant difference was not existed statistically(p>.05). Conclusion: These result can be applied to the learning of palpation & observation skill in physical therapy, although this study was not identify a relation between dominant eye & dominant hand.

• 대한물리치료과학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.59-65
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• 2009

Background: Human body is formed of symmetric bilateral structures that are comprised of eye, upper arm, lower arm and etc. but, we are used only dominant components. The purpose of this study was to analysis length cognition ability in dominant eye & hand. Method: Total 180 persons (male 32, female 138) were participated in this study. They were tested with 'hole in the card' test for identification of dominant eye's side and the question for identification of dominant hand's side, then the length cognition ability was measured in right & left axillary level by describing 10cm line. Results: The results by independent t-test were as follows. In difference of length cognition ability in right axillary level between right dominant eyed group & left dominant eyed group, right dominant eyed group was superior to left dominant eyed group, but significant difference was not existed statistically(p>.05). In left axillary level, right dominant eyed group was superior to left dominant eyed group, but significant difference was not existed statistically(p>.05). In axillary level of dominant eye's side, non-crossed group was superior to crossed group, but significant difference was not existed statistically(p>.05). In axillary level of non-dominant eye's side, non-crossed group was superior to crossed group, but significant difference was not existed statistically(p>.05). Conclusion: These result can be applied to the learning of palpation & observation skill in physical therapy.