• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.1051-1056
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• 2006

온도와 ATP 증가에 따라 사과.당근 배합비율과 상관없이 혼합주스의 투과플럭스가 비례적으로 증가했으며, 특히 온도변화에 따른 투과플럭스의 증가가 뚜렷했다. 사과와 당근비가 3:1인 실험구에서 가용성 고형분과 총당의 함량이 높게 측정되었고, 가용성 고형분의 경우 시료배합비율의 영향이, 총당의 경우 온도의 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 시료배합비율에 따른 비타민 C 함량차이는 크지 않았으나 당근의 함량이 많을수록 비타민 C의 함량이 높게 측정되었고, 압력증가에 따른 비타민 C 함량 증가가 뚜렷했다. 사과의 함량이 높을수록 산도도 높았고, 온도증가에 따른 산도의 증가도 뚜렷했다. 한외여과 결과, 전 시료에 걸쳐 우수한 청징효과를 나타내었고, 사과와 당근비가 3:1인 실험구에서 그 청징효과가 두드러졌으며, 또한 점도변화도 가장 컸다. 또한 공정최적화 결과 공정온도 및 ATP가 각각 $44.97^{\circ}C$, 113.57 kPa이고 사과의 혼합비율이 28.50%인 경우 $flux=0.216\;L/m^2.h$, soluble $solids=10.39^{\circ}Brix$, total sugar=71.32 mg/mL, vitamin C=315.18 mg%, acidity=7.78 mL, turbidity=0.017, viscosity=1.44 cp인 사과.당근 혼합과채주스를 제조할 수 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.269-275
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• 2007

뜰보리수를 이용한 가공식품을 개발하기 위한 연구의 일환으로 뜰보리수 추출물과 현미식초를 혼합한 음료를 개발하기 위하여 혼합비에 따른 이화학적 품질 특성을 분석하여 혼합조건을 최적화 하고자 하였다. 중심합성계획법에 의하여 설계된 실험조건에 따라 제조된 혼합음료의 당도는 9.77-11.5 $^{\circ}Brix$, pH 는 3.0정도 이었다. 음료의 색도는 뜰보리수의 추출물의 함량에 따라 약간 증가하였으며, 총산의 함량은 현미식초의 혼합정도에 따라 증가하였다. 총페놀성 물질의 함량은 각 조건에서 0.28에서 0.84 mg% 사이의 함량을 보여 혼합조건에 따른 차이를 보였다. 뜰보리수 음료의 최적 혼합조건을 찾기 위하여 반응표면분석법에 의해 수립된 2차 회귀모형에 적합시켜 얻은 결과, 측정된 이화학적 특성을 나타내는 변수 모두 전반적으로 높은 결정계수값을 가졌다. 각 반응변수에 미치는 독립변수의 영향은 뜰보리수 추출물의 함량은 모든 이화학적 품질특성에 영향을 미치는 요인이었으며, 특히 당도, pH, 총산과 총페놀 함량에는 아주 높은 유의수준의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 혼합음료의 총산의 함량을 최대로 하는 조건은 정상점이 0.88%일때 뜰보리수 추출물이 19.2%, 현미 식초가 7.6% 첨가하는 조건이었다. 혼합음료의 당도를 최대로 하는 조건은 뜰보리수의 함량을 24.7%, 현미식초를 4.9% 첨가할 경우 11.5 $^{\circ}Brix$ 로 최대 함량을 나타내는 것으로 나타났으며, 총 페놀 함량을 최대로 하는 조건은 뜰보리수 추출물 25.0%, 현미식초 4.3%를 혼합할 경우 14.47 mg%로 가장 높은 함량을 나타내었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.333-338
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• 2001

In research. which Korean pickled cucumber was treated wish various methods, including blanching. brining in hot solution, and treating with trehalose. I examined the changes of properties of material. The Korean pickled cucumber were fermented 4∼5$^{\circ}C$ for 42 days in 1% salt solution. The physiochemical properties were pH, total acidity, total cell count, lactic acid bacteria and texture properties were also evaluated. The result showed that the effect of blanching and soaking cucumber in 100$^{\circ}C$ hot salt solution significantly reduced the softening rate of texture while a rather rapid fermentation was found for those preserved with salt. The effect of trehalose treatment inhenced fermentation but it was significantly reduced softening rate of texture. The texture evaluation of Korean pickled cucumber was found that heat treatment with blanching after soaked in hot solution and trehalose treatment had a positive effect for reduction of softening of cucumber tissue.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.265-270
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• 1996

When new told grape with high acidity Is used wine, their sensory scores are decreased. Using three available methods reducing excess acidify In winemaking, they were malo-lactic fermentation, addition of apple pomace and malo-alcohol fermentation. The chemical monponents and sensory evaluation of wine were determined. They were found in pink wine added apple pomace that tatal acidity and malic acid content were 0.76 and 0.484%. Color Intensity (A520+A420) in pink wanes, their valuse were in the range 8.21~9.42, while the value of red wine was 20.92. Browning index and total phenol contents in pink wine, their values were In the range of 1.36∼1.42 and 3,300∼3,800mg 11. The sensory evaluation showed that the pink wine added apple pomace(10%) was highest in taste and total scores (P<0.05), and the taste of wine has improved.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.21-27
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• 1991

Recipe for Korean typical wild.vegetable preparations were developed and changes in pH, total acidity and ascorbic acid were measured during the storage period at 4~$5^{\circ}C$. Crude fiber and minerals were also analyzed and sensory evaluation was conducted. Changes in pH and total acidity were not significant in most of the samples and the results reveal that the vegetable preparations were in good conditions throughtout the storage period at 4~$5^{\circ}C$. The contents of ascorbic acid have been gradually reduced during the first 10-day storage showing 30~70% retention and continuous loss to 30~40% left on 20th-day. Crude fiber and mineral (Ca, p, Fe, K, Mg) contents were relatively higher in the wild-vegetables than in the everyday use vegetables. The results of the sensory evaluations revealed that the tested samples were in good scores (overall scores>6) except sancho-seed pickles.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.193-200
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• 1993

This study was conducted to examine the effects of the level of salted shrimp on the characteristics of kimchi fermented at 2$0^{\circ}C$ for one day and then stored at 4$^{\circ}C$ for 3 or 6 days. The sensory characteristics, pH, total acidity and salt content of kimchi, prepared to have an equal intensity of salty taste, with three levels of salted shrimp and NaCl, were measured. Instron universal testing machine also was used to examine the firmness of kimchi. As the level of salted shrimp and storage periods increased, intensity of translucency, sour odor, carbonic mouthfeel, toughness and sour taste of kimchi increased while firmness and crispness decreased. There was no significant difference in pH among the kimchies. However, total acidity of kimchi increased as the level of salted shrimp increased and the storage period was extended.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.353-358
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• 1999

We produced the apple vinegar with only apple fruits, no adding sugar and others through two stages fermentation(alcohol fermentation and acetic acid fermentation). At the first stage, apple wine contained 5% alcohol was produced at the 5th day. And through the second stage, acetic acid fer mentation, apple vinegars of which total acidity is 5.88% were produced. In comparision with com mercial vinegars for physicochemical quality, it was the lowest in total acidity. But contents of oxalic, tartaric, malic, citric, succinic acid in it were higher than other vinegars. Especially the content of malic acid in it was higher 5 times than other vinegars. Malic acid was known that it was abundant in apple fruits. Also the contents of free amino acids were distinctly high such as 21.97mg% in two stages fermented apple vingars. Potassium content in it was higher 4 times than other vinegars. So it was supposed that two stages fermented vinegar had much higher quality than commercial vinegars.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.218-221
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• 2004

Irradiated red pepper powder (IRPP) was tested for its ability to retard fermentation and to maintain a high quality of Kimchi by the reduction of the initial microbial load. Kimchi containing IRPP at the doses of 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20 kGy was prepared. Quality indices for Kimchi in this study were pH, titratable acidity, reducing sugar content, total microbial count, lactic acid bacterial load, and sensory evaluation. Based on the pH and titratable acidity, the Kimchi with IRPP showed a retarded fermentation until 15 days. The number of the total aerobes and lactic acid bacteria of the Kimchi with IRPP were lower by about 1 log CFU/mL compared to control at day 0, however, the counts increased to 8.5 log CFU/mL after 10 days, which was similar to the control group. Kimchi that was fermented with 5 kGy IRPP was better than control and other treatments in odor and color, whereas the control scored highest in taste. Addition of IRPP showed a limited retardation of Kimchi fermentation without other quality deterioration.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.85-91
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• 2013

Korean traditional rice wine, Makgeolli, has been widely consumed and increasingly popular in Korea. In this study, we examined Makgeolli supplemented with cranberries (0, 5, 10 and 15% by rice weight) during fermentation for seven days for the various quality characteristics : pH, total acidity, soluble contents, color, reducing sugars, alcohol contents, and DPPH free radical scavenging activities, total flavonoids, microbial properties, and sensory properties. After the pH value decreased from a range of 4.40~5.63 to 3.83~3.94 up to day 3, the pH gradually increased until day 7. As fermentation proceeded, soluble contents and reducing sugar increased in most of the samples, with a temporary reduction after day 2. There were no differences in L and b color values, but the "a" value showed significant differences with the rate of cranberry added. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity and total flavonoid content of cranberry Makgeolli were higher than those of the control. After fermentation for seven days, the alcohol content ranged from 14.57 to 17.40%, while total acidity levels were within the range of 0.50 to 0.54%. Yeast cell counts increased until day 3 and then, gradually deceased. In the sensory evaluation, Makgeolli with 10% cranberry showed the highest overall acceptance.

• Food Quality and Culture
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 2007

In this study, we examined the effects of different concentrations of red pepper seed (0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%) on pH, total acidity, color, reducing sugar content, total microbes, lactic acid bacteria, and sensory quality, in terms of prolonging the shelf-life of kimchi. The additions of red pepper seed resulted in higher pH levels, while total acidity was lower than that of the control. The kimchi with red pepper seed had higher reducing sugar contents than the control. Furthermore, the kimchi with red pepper seed showed higher b-values than the control. During fermentation, the amounts of lactic acid bacteria and total microbes were higher in the kimchi with red pepper seed than in the control, and the higher ratios resulted in higher quality kimchi. The additions of red pepper seed also resulted in changes of color, flavor, taste, and texture, having a large influence on overall product quality. In conclusion, in terms of preservation and consumption, the 3% and 5% red pepper seed concentrations offered enhanced shelf-life and better quality kimchi products.