• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.247-263
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• 2013

It is evident that torsional resistance of a reinforced concrete (RC) member is attributed to both concrete and steel reinforcement. However, recent structural design codes neglect the contribution of concrete because of cracking. This paper reports on the results of an experimental and numerical investigation into the torsional capacity of concrete beams reinforced only by longitudinal rebars without transverse reinforcement. The experimental investigation involves six specimens tested under pure torsion. Each specimen was made using a cast-in-place concrete with different amounts of longitudinal reinforcements. To create the torsional moment, an eccentric load was applied at the end of the beam whereas the other end was fixed against twist, vertical, and transverse displacement. The experimental results were also compared with the results obtained from the nonlinear finite element analysis performed in ANSYS. The outcomes showed a good agreement between experimental and numerical investigation, indicating the capability of numerical analysis in predicting the torsional capacity of RC beams. Both experimental and numerical results showed a considerable torsional post-cracking resistance in high twist angle in test specimen. This post-cracking resistance is neglected in torsional design of RC members. This strength could be considered in the design of RC members subjected to torsion forces, leading to a more economical and precise design.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.24-32
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• 2002

전단문제에서는 일부 설계기준(AASHTO 1994)에 이미 수정압축장이론이 도입되었다. 그리고 현행 콘크리트 설계기준에는 콘크리트의 전단강도가 철근의 전단강도와 합하여 공칭전단강도를 계산하고 있다. 그러나 최근에 개정된 콘크리트설계기준에는 콘크리트의 비틀림강도가 공칭비틀림강도 계산에서 누락되었다. 콘크리트의 인장응력은 비록 크기가 작으나 균열후에 균열사이의 콘크리트에 존재한다. 그러나 휨과 비틀림문제에서는 균열 후 콘크리트의 인장강성은 생략되고 있다. 역학적으로 콘크리트보의 비틀림거동은 전단거동과 매우 유사하다. 그러므로 균열 후 콘크리트의 비틀림강도를 철근콘크리트 보의 공칭비틀림강도의 계산에 포함시켜야 한다. 본 논문에서는 콘크리트의 평균주인장응력이 이루는 콘크리트의 비틀림강도를 횡방향 비틀림철근의 비틀림강도와 함께 공칭비틀림강도를 구성함을 밝혔으며, 이의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 개정 전후의 ACI 의 설계기준에 의한 공칭비틀림강도와 함께 실험값과 비교하였다. 그 결과 본 논문이 제안한 모델에 의한 공칭비틀림강도가 가장 좋은 결과를 보였다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.179-184
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• 2002

The evaluation equation of torsional moment for prestressed concrete members in ACI 318-95 ignores the contribution of concrete, T$_{c}$. Several research indicates that the current ACI code is not successful in predicting the observed torsional moment of the PSC beams with reasonable accuracy. This paper proposes an evaluation equation of torsional moment taking into account the inter-effects between concrete and torsional reinforcement on the torsional resistance of the PSC beams. According to the comparison with the 31 test results, the torsion equation in ACI code underestimated or overestimated the real torsional moment of prestressed concrete beams. On the other hand, the proposed torsional equation is shown to be in a good agreement with experimental results.s.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2005년도 추계 학술발표회 제17권2호
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• pp.255-258
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• 2005

The current ACI design code does not take into account the contribution of concrete for the torsional moment of reinforced concrete(RC) beams subjected to pure torsion. This code is not capable of evaluating the inter-effects between concrete and torsional reinforcement on the torsional resistance of the RC beams. In this study, 9 RC beams subjected to pure torsion were tested. The main parameter of the beams was the amount of torsional reinforcement and the angle of twist. Test results indicated that the current ACI code over-estimated the torsional strength of RC beams that had larger amount of torsional reinforcement.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.167-172
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• 2002

Nonlinear analysis of the reinforced concrete beam subjected to torsion is presented. Seventeen equations involving seventeen variables are derived from the equilibrium equation, compatibility equation, and the material constitutive laws to solve the torsion problem. Newton method was used to solve the nonlinear simultaneous equations and efficient algorithms are proposed. Present model covers the behavior of reinforced concrete beam under pure torsion from service load range to ultimate stage. Tensile resistance of concrete after cracking is appropriately considered. The softened concrete truss model and the average stress-strain relations of concrete and steel are used. To verify the validity of Present model, the nominal torsional moment strengths according to ACI-99 code and the ultimate torsional moment by present model are compared to experimental torsional strengths of 55 test specimens found in literature. The ultimate torsional moment strengths by the present model show good results.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.897-902
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• 2002

The failure of flat plate connection is successive failure process accompanying with stress redistribution, hence it is necessary to compute the contributions of each resistance components at ultimate state. In the present study, the interactions of resultant forces at each faces of connection, i.e. shear, bending moment and torsional moment are considered in the assessment of strength of slab. As a result the strength prediction model for connection is made up as combination of bending resistance, shear resistance and torsional resistance. The proposed method is verified by the experimental data and numerical data of continuous slabs.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2002

Nonlinear analysis of the reinforced concrete beam subjected to torsion is presented. Seventeen equations involving seventeen variables are derived from the equilibrium equation, compatibility equation, and the material constitutive laws to solve the torsion problem. Newton method was used to solve the nonlinear simultaneous equations and efficient algorithms are proposed. Present model covers the behavior of reinforced concrete beam under pure torsion from service load range to ultimate stage. Tensile resistance of concrete after cracking is appropriately considered. The softened concrete truss model and the average stress-strain relations of concrete and steel are used. To verify the validity of present model, the nominal torsional moment strengths according to ACI-99 code and the ultimate torsional moment by present model are compared to experimental torsional strengths of 55 test specimens found in literature. The ultimate torsional moment strengths by the present model show good results.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1010-1021
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• 2002

1995년에 개정된 현행 ACI 규준식은 콘크리트의 비틀림 저항을 무시하여, 콘크리트와 비틀림 보강근이 비틀림 내력에 미치는 상호영향을 평가할 수 없다. 실험에서는 현행 ACI 규준식이 콘크리트와 비틀림 보강근의 차이에 따라 철근콘크리트 보의 비틀림 내력을 과소/과대 평가하고 있음을 지적하였다. 이 논문에서는 트러스 모델의 힘의 평형조건과 변형의 적합조건을 이용하여 콘크리트의 비틀림 저항을 고려한 비틀림 평가식을 제안하였다. 제안식에서는 현행 규준식의 상수 '2'대신에 $textsc{k}$를 사용하여 비틀림 모멘트에 대한 콘크리트와 비틀림 보강근의 상호영향을 고려하였다. 제안식은 순수비틀림을 받는 총 66개의 철근콘크리트 보의 실험결과와 비교되었다. 제안식은 콘크리트의 압축강도와 비틀림 보강근의 양의 변화에 관계없이 현행 ACI 비틀림 규준식보다 정확하게 실제의 비틀림 모멘트를 예측하였으며, 이 때의 평균값 및 변동계수는 각각 1.1 및 8.5%였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.57-70
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• 2016

The predominant type of buckling that I-steel concrete composite beams experience in the negative moment area is distortional buckling. The key factors that affect distortional buckling are the torsional and lateral restraints by the bottom flange. This study thoroughly investigates the equivalent lateral and torsional restraint stiffnesses of the bottom flange of an I-steel concrete composite beam under negative moments. The results show a coupling effect between the applied forces and the lateral and torsional restraint stiffnesses of the bottom flange. A formula is proposed to calculate the critical buckling stress of the I-steel concrete composite beams under negative moments by considering the lateral and torsional restraint stiffnesses of the bottom flange. The proposed method is shown to better predict the critical bending moment of the I-steel composite beams. This article introduces an improved method to calculate the elastic foundation beams, which takes into account the lateral and torsional restraint stiffnesses of the bottom flange and considers the coupling effect between them. The results show a close match in results from the calculation method proposed in this paper and the ANSYS finite element method, which validates the proposed calculation method. The proposed calculation method provides a theoretical basis for further research on distortional buckling and the ultimate resistance of I-steel concrete composite beams under a variable axial force.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제83권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2022

The static design approach in the current code implies that the inherent torsional moment represents the state of zero inertial torsional moments at the center of mass (CM). However, both experimental and analytical results prove the existence of a large amount of the inertial torsional moment at the CM. Also, the definition of eccentricity by engineers, which is referred to as the resistance eccentricity, is defined as the distance between the center of mass and the center of resistance, which is conceptually different from the static eccentricity in the current codes, defined as the arm length about the center of rotation. The difference in the definitions of eccentricity should be made clear to avoid confusion about the torsion design. This study proposed prediction equations as a function of resistance eccentricity based on a resistance eccentricity model with advantages of (1) the recognition of the existence of torsional moment at the CM, (2) the avoidance of the confusion by using resistance eccentricity instead of the design eccentricity, and (3) a clear relationship of applied inertial forces at the CM and resisting forces. These predictions are compared with the seismic responses obtained from time-history analyses of a five-story building structure under moderate and severe earthquakes. Then, the trend of the resistance eccentricity corresponding to the maximum edge drift is investigated for elastic and inelastic responses. The comparison given in this study shows that these prediction equations can serve as a useful reference for the prediction in both the elastic and the inelastic ranges.