• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2012년도 제42회 동계 정기 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.385-385
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• 2012

A two terminal N+/P/N+ junction device to replace the conventional selective transistor was studied as a bilateral switching device for spin transfer torque (STT) MRAM based on 3D device simulation. An N+/P/N+ junction structure with $30{\times}30nm$ area requires bi-directional current flow enough to write a data by a drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) under a reverse bias at N+/P (or P/N+ junction), and high current on/off ratio of 106. The SiGe materials are widely used in hetero-junction bipolar transistors, bipolar compensation metal-oxide semiconductors (BiCMOS) since the band gap of SiGe materials can be controlled by changing the fraction and the strain epilayers, and the drift mobility is increased with the increasing Ge content. In this work, N+/P/N+ SiGe material based junction provides that drive current is increased from 40 to $130{\mu}A$ by increased Ge content from 10~80%. When Ge content is about 20%, the drive current density of SiGe device substantially increased to 2~3 times better than Si-based junction device in case of 28 nm P length, which is sufficient current to operation of STT-MRAM.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.654-666
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• 2009

Direct torque control (DTC) of induction machines (IM) is a well-known strategy of these drives control which has a fast dynamic and a good tracking response. In this paper a nonlinear DTC of speed sensorless IM drives is presented which is based on input-output feedback linearization control theory. The IM model includes iron losses using a speed dependent shunt resistance which is determined through some effective experiments. A stator flux vector is estimated through a simple integrator based on stator voltage equations in the stationary frame. A novel method is introduced for DC offset compensation which is a major problem of AC machines, especially at low speeds. Rotor speed is also determined using a rotor flux sliding-mode (SM) observer which is capable of rotor flux space vector and rotor speed simultaneous estimation. In addition, stator and rotor resistances are estimated using a simple but effective recursive least squares (RLS) method combined with the so-called SM observer. The proposed control idea is experimentally implemented in real time using a FPGA board synchronized with a personal computer (PC). Simulation and experimental results are presented to show the capability and validity of the proposed control method.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.74-76
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• 2011

Interior permanent-magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs) produce both magnetic and reluctance torques. The reluctance torque is due to the difference between the d- and q-axis inductances based on the geometric rotor structure. The steady-state performance analysis and precise control of the IPMSMs greatly depend on the accurate determination of the parameters. The three essential parameters of the IPMSMs are the armature flux linkage of the permanent magnet, the d-axis inductance, and the q-axis inductance. In the basic design step of an IPMSM, the inductance parameters are very important for determining the motor characteristics, such as the input voltage, torque, and efficiency. Thus, it is very important to accurately estimate the values of the motor inductances. The inductance parameters of IPMSMs have nonlinear characteristics along the magnet size because the iron core is saturated by the magnet and armature reaction fluxes. In this study, the inductance parameters were calculated using both the magnetic-equivalent-circuit method and the finite-element method (FEM). Then the calculated parameters were compensated by the saturation coefficient function, which was also calculated via the magnetic-equivalent-circuit method and FEM.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.481-488
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• 2000

This paper presents a new passive gravity -compensating system for articulated robot manipulators. The system, which consists of linear zero- free -length springs, achieves exact counterbalancing o f the gravitational loads throughout the entire range of the manipulator workspace, A basic concept is to design springs such that the total potential energy of the system including the manipulator and the springs should be maintained constant. A prototype has been developed for a direct-drive five-bar manipulator and its performances have been investigated. Results show that the gravity-induced motor torques have been reduced to less than 5% of those of uncompensated robots. Also, the gravity-compensating system simplifies the position control algorithm while maintaining the trajectory-tracking errors in a satisfactory level. In conclusion, the proposed system efficiently improves the manipulator performances by reducing the driving motor size and the energy consumption as well as by simplifying the control systems.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2012

In a PWM inverter-fed IPMSM (Interior Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor) drive, a dead time is inserted to prevent a breakdown of switching device caused by the short-circuit of DC link. This distorts the inverter output voltage resulting in a current distortion and torque ripple. In addition to the dead time, nonlinearity exists in switching devices of the PWM inverter, which is generally dependent on operating conditions such as the temperature, DC link voltage, and current. The voltage disturbance caused by the dead time and inverter nonlinearity directly influences on the inverter output performance, and it is known to be more severe at low speed. In this paper, a new compensation scheme for the dead time and inverter nonlinearity under the parameter variation is proposed for a PWM inverter-fed IPMSM drive. The overall system is implemented using DSP TMS320F28335 and the validity of the proposed algorithm is verified through the simulation and experiments.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.487-492
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• 2000

본 논문은 유도전동기 간접 벡터 제어시 회전자 시정수 변동에 대한 슬립보상 방법을 제안하였다. 회전자 시정수가 변동하면 고정자 전류의 자속 및 토크 성분의 상호 간섭이 발생하여 벡터제어가 불가능하고 성능이 저하하게 된다. 이를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 실제 자속 성분과 기준 자속 성분을 비교하여 위상차 없이 자속 성분을 기준 좌표의 q축에 일치시키고 PI 제어기를 이용하여 슬립을 보상하는 방법을 제시하였다. 제안된 방법을 이용하면 유도전동기의 회전자 저항 변동시 q축 자속 성분이 0이 되어 적정 슬립이 유지되고 정확한 벡터제어가 실현된다. 제안된 알고리즘의 타당성을 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션과 실험을 통하여 검증하였다.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2000

전압원 인버터의 PWM 신호에 삽입되는 데드 타임은 인버터 출력 파형을 왜곡시키고, 토크 리플을 발생시켜 유도 전동기의 제어 성능을 떨어뜨린다. 본 논문에서 벡터 제어 유도 전동기의 데드 타임 보상 방법이 제안된다. 제안된 방법은 2상 정지 좌표계에서 인버터 출력 기준전압에 보상 전압을 더하는 전향 보상에 근거한다. 제안된 방법은 부가적인 하드웨어 없이 소프트웨어적으로 실현 가능하다. 실험 결과를 통하여 제안된 방법의 타당성과 유용성을 확인한다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2017

Velocity ripple in manufacturing processes reduces productivity and limits the precision of the product. In practice, the frequency and phase of velocity ripples always change minutely, which makes it impossible to compensate for the ripple by simply inserting an opposite feed-forward signal in the system. In this study, an active-phase compensation algorithm was developed to enable the velocity-ripple controller to track the phase change of the ripples in real time. The proposed controller can compensate for the velocity ripple whatever its cause, including disturbance by the torque ripple. The algorithm consists of three functional modules: the velocity-ripple extractor, the synchronized integrator, and the phase shifter. Experimental results showed that the proposed controller clearly reduces velocity ripples with phase variation.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1998년도 하계학술대회 논문집 F
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• pp.2002-2004
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• 1998

In this paper, the compensation algorithm of the stator resistance which is essential to improving the performance of the direct vector control system is proposed. This paper focuses on the improvement in the torque response of the direct vector control in a constant speed region. The conventional compensation algorithms are analyzed and a new method is developed to compensate the stator resistance in the direct vector control system. In addition, the effect of the variation of the stator resistance on the drive performance is analyzed for the vector control. The proposed algorithm is very simple to implement that does not require the modifications on the motor model or additional interrupts of the controller. Also, the value of the stator resistance can be obtained in real-time through the measurement of the terminal voltage and current. From the simulation and experimental results, the validity of the proposed scheme is confirmed.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제51권2호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2002

To obtain a high performance in a vector controlled induction motor, it is essential to know the instantaneous position of the rotor flux which depends on the rotor time constant. But the rotor time constant mainly varies due to the temperature rise in the motor winding, so real time compensating algorithm is necessary. This paper proposes that it uses short duration pulses added to the constant flux command current and then resultant torque command current produced by speed controller is utilized for the rotor resistance estimation. This method has advantage with a low computational requirement and does not require voltage sensors. The proposed method is proved by simulations and experimentals.