• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.229-235
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• 2004

The influence of sucrose on in vitro growth, chlorophyll content, and rubisco/rubisco activase were studied in tobacco leaves. The most pronounced effect on in vitro growth and the chlorophyll content was found at 4% sucrose. The rubisco content increased with increasing concentrations of sucrose, but a point was reached beyond which the increasing concentrations of sucrose caused an inhibition of this enzyme. The rubisco activity showed patterns of change similar to the rubisco content. These data suggest that sucrose may have an affect on the activation and induction of rubisco and that sucrose can be both a positive effector and negative effector depend on its concentration. The degree of intensity of 55 and 15 kD polypeptides, which were identified as the large and small subunit of rubisco, respectively, by SDS-PAGE analysis at 4% sucrose was significantly higher than that of other treatments, indicating that sucrose had an effect on both subunits. We subsequently examined whether the rubisco content and activity of being induced by sucrose is associated with rubisco activase. The rubisco activase content at 4% sucrose was higher than that of other treatments. A similar change pattern was also observed in the activity of rubisco activase. The intensity of two 52 and 51 kD polypeptide bands at 4% sucrose was higher than that of corresponding bands of other treatments. The stimulatory and inhibitory effects of rubisco by sucrose seemed to be caused by rubisco activase.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1979

담배 (Va 115) 細胞의 液 培養에서 담배細胞의 多量生産을 할 수 있는 Tank 培養에 關한 基礎調査로 培地造成의 果를 調査하였으며 細胞增殖率에 큰 影響을 미쳤던 2,4-D와 無機燐酸의 果에 關하여 調査하였다. 1. 培地造成에서 細胞增殖率에 많은 影響을 미쳤던 要素는 무糖, 無機燐酸의 濃度,窒素源의 形態 및 植物홀몬,特히 2, 4-D의 有無였다. 2. 무糖의 最適濃度는 3%였으며 3%以上의 濃度에서는 多少 細胞增殖率이 좋은 듯 하였으나 그 差異는 크지 않아 3% 程度로 足하였다. 無機燐酸濃度는 LS 培地內의 無機燐酸의 約 2.5 培인 0.30mg/ml 일 때 細胞增殖率이 가장 좋았다. 3. 液 培地의 窒素源은 암모니아態窒素와 硝酸態窒素가 1 : 2 일 때가 가장 좋았고 窒素源이 암모니아태 만으로 使用하였을 때 細胞增殖率이 가장 낮았으며 硝酸態만 使用되었을 때는 암모니아태만 쓰였을 때 보다는 좋았으나 암모니아태와 硝酸態의 比가 1 : 2 일 때 보다는 떨어졌다. 4. 液 培地에 2,4-D 添加와 無機燐酸濃度를 높이면 細胞增殖率이 增加되는 機作을 調査하기 爲하여 呼吸率과 14C - glucose 吸收利用을 調査하였다. 細胞의 吸收率은 2, 4-D를 添加하면 增加되며 14C-glucose의 吸收는 培地內에 2, 4-D가 包含되거나 (0.2 ppm) 燐酸濃度가 높아지면(對照의 2.5培) 더욱 많았고, 吸收된 14C-glucose는 糖 상태보다 다른 形態,特히 amino 酸이나 有機酸으로 많이 变하였다.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.54-62
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• 1998

본 실험은 식물생장조절제인 ABA와 IAA를 처리가 오존에 의한 가시적 피해 경감효과에 미치는 영향과, 항산화물질의 함량 및 항산화효소의 활성과의 관련성을 조사하기 위하여 담배품종 NC82를 공시하여, 파종후 60일 된 개체에 ABA와 IAA를 각각 $10^{-3}$M 및 $10^{-5}$M의 농도로 엽면처리한 후 0.3ppm의 농도로 하루 6시간씩 7일간 오존을 처리하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 담배에서 ABA와 IAA의 처리는 오존의 가시적 피해증상을 감소시키는 결과를 나타냈으며 오존 처리구에서는 모두 담배의 생육에는 큰 영향을 주지 않았으나 초장의 경우 IAA $10^{-3}$M의 처리구에서 다소 증가하였다. 2. 엽록소 함량은 오존처리후의 일수가 증가함에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였으나 ABA와 IAA처리는 오존처리구에서 엽록소함량의 감소를 작게 하였다. 3. 오존에 3일간 처리한 담배는 산화형 ascorbate가 환원형 ascorbate 보다 높게 나타났으며 ABA와 IAA를 처리한 구에서는 오존 처리구보다 산화형 ascorbate가 낮게 나타났으나 7일간 오존을 처리한 구에서는 처리간에는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 4. 3일간 오존 처리시 superoxide dismutase(SOD) 활성은 무처리구에 비하여 증가하였고 ABA 및 IAA $10^{-3}$M에서는 다른 처리구에 비하여 증가가 뚜렷하였으며, 7일간 처리에서도 SOD의 활성이 증가하였으나 식물생장조절제의 처리 효과는 나타나지 않았다. 5. Ascorbate peroxidase와 guaiac이 peroxidase 활성은 오존무처리구에서도 모두 증가하였으나, 7일간 처리시는 두 효소 모두 처리간에는 변화가 없었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.461-466
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• 2009

식물세포에 마(Dioscorea batatas Dence) 추출액의 전처리가 방사선 스트레스에 노출된 배양세포의 활력, 생장 및 핵 DNA 손상에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 마의 분획추출물 중 EtOAc 분획추출물을 식물세포에 전처리하고 20 Gy의 방사선에 노출시키면, 마 추출물을 전처리하지 않고 방사선 20 Gy만 처리한 세포보다 세포의 활력과 생체중이 20%이상 증가하였다. Comet 분석에서 꼬리부분의 길이 (T)와 머리부분의 길이 (H)를 측정하여 T/H 비율을 조사하였다. 무처리 세포와 방사선 20 Gy를 처리한 세포의 T/H 비율은 각각 1.05 및 1.68로 나타났고, head DNA 량은 각각 86.7% 및 71.3%로 무처리 세포와 방사선을 처리한 세포간에는 큰 차이를 보여, 방사선에 의한 심각한 핵 DNA 손상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 그러나 마 추출물 중 MeOH, EtOAc 및 n-BuOH 분획추출물을 식물세포에 전처리하고 20 Gy 방사선을 처리하면, T/H 비율은 각각 1.37, 1.01 및 1.10이었고, head DNA량은 81.5%, 87.6% 및 88.7%로 방사선을 처리 하지 않은 무처리 세포 수준으로 회복되었다.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.107-112
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• 1996

The occurrence and chemical properties of grey tobacco leaves (Type III) found in 1995 crop of flue-cured tobacco cultivated in paddy field were investigated to compare with those of normal leaves. Cured leaves of NC82 were separated by visual characters into 3 classes of slight, fair and severe symptoms of grey leaf by the percentage of grey parts to whole leaf area. Number of samples classified with discoloring portion was the order of greyish brown > reddish brown > greyish yellow, respectively. Grey leaves of this type were mostly found among the leaves harvested from upper stalk position, and it was estimated that growth rate of upper leaves also influenced on the occurrence of grey leaves. Grey leaves showed remarkably lower b* and L* values than those of normal leaves, while a* value was mostly higher in grey leaves. These tendencies in chromatic aberration showed more remarkable difference in the degree of grey symptoms. Chemical analyses of grey leaf samples indicated that they contained less total nitrogen and nicotine, and more total sugar and starch than those of normal leaves. In chemical traits, these tendencies were accordance with the degree of grey symptoms, and within the same leaf, grey parts were decreased in total nitrogen and ether extract content compared with those of normal parts, but there was no difference in nicotine and Cl contents. Key words : grey leaf tobacco (type III), grey symptom, color, chemical properties.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2016

Abiotic-stressed tobacco stems as a non-wooden biomass were analyzed for their chemical characteristics. Light-stressed tobacco stems (LST) have a relatively high nitrogen concentration, much more extractive content, and a similar amount of lignin and higher contents of acid sugars than those of Non stressed tobacco (NST). It also has low cellulose crystallinity and a high degree of condensation. Guaiacyl units having a lower molecular weight distribution consist of rich lignin. Tension stressed tobacco (TST) growth differentiation under tensile stress was significantly different between normal tissue and cell walls, with the exception of the slightly higher cellulose crystallinity observed for.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.138-144
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to obtain the basic information on the morphological and physiological changes in tobacco leaf during the growth period by measuring the changes of chlorophyll, sugar, lipid and mineral contents in tobacco plant. Leaf length and width have been fully developed at 25 days after leaf emergence. Dry weight was rapidly increased between 10 and 15 days after leaf emergence and reached the highest at 30 days. Crude lipid content, palmitic acid, and the major saturated fatty acid were increased with progressing senescence, while unsaturated fatty acid including linolenic acid was decreased as the senescence was advanced. The total nitrogen content showed the highest value at IS days after leaf emergence. On the other hand, the total sugar content showed the highest value at 45 days after leaf emergence and glucose, fructose and sucrose were decreased with leaf development and increased at the end of senescence. The content of chlorophyll showed the highest value at 15 days after leaf emergence and began to decrease at 30 days after leaf emergence. The contents of p, Cu, Zn, and Fe in tobacco leaves were decreased by the end of senescence after leaf emergence but those of Ca, Mg, and Mn in leaves were increased. Key words : Nicotiana tabacum chlorophyll, fatty acid, senescence.

• 한국연초학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.63-70
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• 1979

香草 醱酵葉과 Perique葉으로 부터 細菌을 분리하여 니코틴- 분해능과 생육상태를 조사한후 우수 세균을 선발하였다. 선발세균은 H- 81, P- 5, P- 7은 Bacillus, H- 82 : Pseudomonas. P- 4 : Corynebacterium으로 동정하였다. 이들 細菌을 靑臭葉에 처리 발효한 결과 대체로 산소흡수량과 pH, 니코틴이 낮아졌고 휘발성 유기산, 석유에텔추출물이 증가되었다. 한편 色澤은 黃淸色에서 黑褐色으로 變化되었으며 靑臭味도 除去되고 그에 따른 香喫味도 좋아졌으나 특히 H-82인 Pseudomonas가 가장 양호한 결과를 나타내었다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.462-469
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• 2005

Effects of proton beam irradiation on seed germination and growth pattern of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. BY-4; N. plumbaginifolia) and rice (Oryasativa L.) plants were estimated to develop the efficient conditions of irradiation. Seed germination rate was decreased by increasing the proton beam the current and the beam irradiation time in both tobacco and rice seeds. The beam irradiation conditions showing $50\%$ germination were over 60 sec at 10 nA, approximately 5 sec at 100 nA and at 500 nA beam current in tobacco seeds. And the conditions of $50\%$ germination were 60 sec at 10 nA, and 100 nA and 30 sec at 500nA in rice (cv. Dongjin 1) seeds. The growth of irradiated plants was decreased, but significant difference in morphological changes was not observed by the proton beam treatment. The proton beam is able to use as a mutagen, but some of the factors including beam size and beam detector-system must be established for efficient usage of the beam.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2009

Human erythropoietin (EPO) is a leading product in the biopharmaceutical market, but functional EPO has only been produced in mammalian cells, which limits its application and drives up the production costs. Using plants to produce human proteins may be an alternative way to reduce the cost. However, a recent report demonstrated that overexpression of the human EPO gene (EPO) in tobacco or Arabidopsis rendered males sterile and retarded vegetative growth, which raises concern whether EPO might interfere with hormone levels in transgenic plants. In the present study, we demonstrated that overexpressing EPO with additional 5'-His tag and 3' ER-retention peptides in tobacco did not cause any developmental defect compared to GUS plants. With our method, all 20 transgenic plants grew on selective medium and, further confirmed by PCR, were fertile. Most of them grew similarly compared to GUS plants. Only one transgenic plant (EPO2) was shorter in plant height but had twice the life span compared to other transgenic plants. When 11 randomly selected EPO plants, along with the abnormal plant EPO2, were subjected to RT-PCR analysis, all of them had detectable EPO transcripts. However, their protein levels varied considerably; seven of them had detectable EPO proteins analyzed by western blot. Our results indicate that overexpressing human EPO protein in plants does not have detrimental effects on growth and development. Our transformation systems allow us to further explore the possibility of glycoengineering tobacco plants for producing functional EPO and its derivatives.