• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.242-247
• /
• 1988

To elucidate the relationship of the quality of aromatic tobaccos to their chemical constituents, certain chemical components and leaf quality by price were compared among cured leaves produced under different soil moisture levels during growing season. As the soil moisture increased, plant height and the length and width of largest leaf increased. days to flower was shortened and total chlorophyll and carotenoid content of green leaf decreased. As the soil moisture increased, leaf quality was deteriorated. The content of nicotine, pet. ether ext. and total nitrogen increased with slight increment of nonvolatile organic acids and higher fatty acids, but ash content and pH of cured leaves decreased under high soil moisture content. Volatile organic acids such as 3-methyl pentanoic acid, the main compounds contributing to the aroma of oriental tobacco, and most volatile neutrals decreased conspicuously under high soil moisture. The content of pet. ether ext., volatile organic acids, volatile neutrals, ash and pH of cured leaves were found to be the appropriate factors for the quality evaluation of aromatic leaves grown under under different soil moisture.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.273-277
• /
• 1981

This study was carried out in 1979 to establish the proper mulching culture method for an aromatic tobacco, ST 375-4. Three different methods of mulching were employed: Improved mulching (I. M.), General mulching (G. M.) and Non-mulching (N. M.). The number of seedlings per hole was 5 for I. M., and one for G. M. and N. M. In comparison with N. M., I. M. had shortened final date of leaf harvest by 14 days, enabling curing leaves before the rainy season. It also reduced transplanting labour hours by 44.9%. Yield and price value increased with improved mulching culture. There was little difference in relative light intensity at leaves between N. M. and I. M.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.160-166
• /
• 2003

The majority of ι-menthol is still obtained by freezing the oil of Mentha arvensis to crystallize the menthol present. This 'natural' menthol is then physically seperated by centrifuging the supernatant liquid away from the menthol crystal. But the price of natural ι-menthol has fluctuated widely so effort has been devoted to the production of ι-menthol by synthetic more readily available raw materials. In the 1970's, many researcher synthesised a new compounds with the menthol cooling effect. During this period many molecular structure designed and synthesised on concepts of correlation between structure and biological activity and the various types of molecule which give rise to cooling effect more than ι-menthol. Specially, N-alkyl-carboxamide group is substituted for the hydroxyl group in ι-menthol. Recently, the most active compounds synthesised is 4-methyl-3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-2-[5H]-furanone. This compound is 35 times more powerful in the mouth and 512 times more powerful on the skin than ι-menthol. The cooling effect also lasts twice as long. While not yet commercially available, it is expected that these types of materials will be subjected to toxicological studies and will soon be sell on the market.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.204-210
• /
• 1989

Normally cultured, harvested and yellowed leaves of aromatic tobacco variety. KA 101 were sun-cured under conventional polyethylene film house, air-cured in burley curing barn, and bulk-cured at three temperatures of 40$^{\circ}C$, 50$^{\circ}C$ and 60$^{\circ}C$. respectively, to investigate the effects of curing conditions on quality and chemical properties of leaf tobacco. Air-cured leaves had the poorest quality by price with little difference between that of sun-cured and three bulk-cured ones. Air-cured leaves were higher in ammonia nitrogen, protein nitrogen, total nitrogen, ash content and pH, but lower in sugar content when it compared with those of sun-cured and three bulk-cured ones. The curing variables tested did not affect the content of pet. ether ext. and volatile organic acids. The content of pet. ether ext., volatile organic acids, and most of volatile neutrals tended to decrease or not to change as the bulk-curing temperature increased. A quality index, (volatile organic acids, mg/l00g+％ pet. ether ext.) / ％(ash+pH) x 10, was found to be most accurate and easy to apply for the quality evaluation of aromatic tobaccos.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.19 no.12
• /
• pp.451-461
• /
• 2018

This study investigated changes in the youth smoking rate and smoking cessation rates before and after a cigarette price increase in 2015. Specifically, the changes in smoking rate, smoking cessation attempt rate, selection rate and amount of smoking were investigated using primary data pertaining to Korean Youth Risk Behavior obtained from a web-based survey of youth general characteristics, mental health, subjective grade, drinking and smoking related characteristics before and after a cigarette price increase. To accomplish this, 800 middle school and high school students in 9th (2013), 10th (2014), 11th (2015) were surveyed. The current youth smoking rate was slightly decreased from 9.7% in 2013 to 9.2% in 2014, while the smoking rate in 2015 decreased significantly by 15.2% after the cigarette price increased to 7.8%. These results confirmed that increasing cigarette price is very effective at decreasing youth smoking rate, providing motivation to stop smoking and preventing smoking. The prevention of smoking and inducement to stop smoking during adolescence is very important because the majority of teenage smokers continue smoking into their adulthood. In addition to expanding a completely non-smoking area and a comprehensive ban on tobacco advertising, promotion and sponsorship should be urgently sought, and the effect can be maximized when the WHO FCTC faithfully implements the already-founded treaty.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.363-369
• /
• 2009

High oil price and biodiesel expansion lead the surplus of glycerol in the market. Glycerol has been used as a raw material itself at petroleum chemistry, paint, tobacco, household products and cosmetics in the conventional market. Recently, many research to find new applications of glycerol as a low-cost feedstock for functional derivatives have led to the introduction of a number of selective processes for converting glycerol into commercially value-added products. The recent studies on the development of new value-added glycerol derivatives will be reviewed.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2000.10a
• /
• pp.244-245
• /
• 2000

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.10-15
• /
• 1987

The experiment was designed to determine the proper shading rate and shading materials to decrease the excessive dried leaves during cure of burley tobacco. Five shading rates and seaven shading materials were applied on the pipe vinyl house from initial stage or yellow stage of cure. Temperature was lower and weight-loss of leaves delayed with shading from initial stage to browning stage of cure. Excessive dried leave were largely decreased as shading rate was increased to 70%. However, at shading rate more than 70%, its decreasing extent was fewer. Price per kg and physical properties improved considerably at shading rate of 50%. Shading materials alone could not completely prevent excessive dried leaves but it could decrease them. Orange, white and purple color vinyl among shading materials had so effects of shading as the black shading cloth during curing. However, white color vinyl didn't endure more than a few months due to sunshine. A difference of light quality in visible light was no significance on air curing.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.130-136
• /
• 1987

The studies were carried out to investigate the occurrence of excessive dried leaves during burley tobacco curing. Six different periods of ventilation during the entire stage of curing were applied. And also 3 different heights of rolling up polyethlene film for side ventilation of the curing house combined with 4 different spaces between garlands were applied from after yellowing. The high air temperature and low relative humidity from end of yellowing to end of browning stage were the most critical to occur excessive dried \eaves. As side ventilation was continued for the entire stage of curing, air temperature in curing house was lower and occurrence of excessive dried leaves were remarkably decreased. The air temperature was not affected on hanging spaces, but relative humidity that resulted significantly in decreasing of the excessive dried leaves was increased by narrowing of hanging spaces. As excessive dried leaves were increased, its price per kg was lower, its physical properties was worse and its total nitrogen and total suger were higher than those of normal cured leaves.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.26 no.5
• /
• pp.1047-1059
• /
• 2015

This study will predict risk factors associated with cigarettes in Korea by analyzing the social big data collected from the internet such as blogs, cafes, and SNSes in Korea, using data mining techniques. The key analysis results are as follows. First, when "raising cigarette price"is mentioned online, the negative group (i.e., the proportion of people holding negative views about smoking) increased from 58.6% to 74.8%, and when "lung cancer" is mentioned, it increased to 73.1%. Second, with regard to cigarettes in general, the positive group (i.e., the proportion of people holding positive views about smoking) decreased by 5.6% after the raising of cigarette prices, while the negative group increased by 6.1%. Third, when policies related to "FCTC, raising cigarette price, non-smoking laws, smoking regulations, non-smoking ads, and nonsmoking business" are more frequently mentioned online, the positive group tended to decrease. Finally, when "non-smoking drugs, non-smoking patches, and non-smoking gums" are more frequently mentioned online, the positive group tended to decrease. However, when "electronic cigarettes and supplements" are more frequently mentioned online, the positive group increased.