• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-12
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• 1998

This study was intended to investigate experimentally the effect of inflation pressure on tractive performance of bias-ply tires for agricultural tractors. Traction tests were conducted at the three velocities of 3, 4, and 5.5km/h under few different surface conditions using a 13.6-28 6PR bias-ply tire as driving wheel of the test tractor. When the inflation pressure was reduced from 250kPa to 40kPa by a decrement of either 30 or 50kPa depending upon the test surface conditions, some of the test results showed that the tractive coefficient and efficiency were increased maximally by 40% and 17％, respectively, at 20% slippage. However, it was failed to derive any consistent rules depicting the effect of inflation pressure of bias ply tires on the tractive performance of tractors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2004.03b
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• pp.364-371
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• 2004

This study presented the reinforcing effect of sands by newly devised $Tirecell^{(R)}$ made by waste tires, tire mat by sidewalls of tires and Geocell. Plate loading tests were conducted for different reinforcing materials at the same condition. The combination of Tirecell and sidewall gives the highest increase of bearing capacity and reduction of settlement. The Geocell with the same hight of Tirecell gives similar reinforcement effect to the tire mat made by sidewalls.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.220-224
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• 2001

Waste tires are a significant problem with the increasing in number of automobiles. Therefore, many researches have been studied on this field. Recycling is the one of the popular method aspect to environmental and economical in the treatment methods of the waste tire, which loads that the reuse of scrap tire rubber has been a challenge in the past. However, it is not easy method to melt down and mold into new products because the in rubber is a cross-linked polymer. Most difficulty in recycling is the recycled product is not economic. Therefore, the goal of this study is to develop the high valuable products for reused waste tires. In this paper, we try to make an economic recycled technology using scrapped waste tires. This technology may applied for manufacturing the end products such as a rubber block and a ballast mat for high-speed train.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.1394-1400
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• 2003

Tire subjected to inflation pressure and the load of passenger car has a important roll to dynamic performance characteristics of radial tires such as cornering and braking. These performance characteristics are directly related to the belt cord durability of tires. In this paper, we analyze the mechanism of belt cord broken due to cord tension at braking theoretically.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.357-364
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• 2007

This research is to set a direction on the recycle of Discarded Automotive tires reforming them into heavy metal adsorbents by developing a particular functional group inducing formation of Chelate complexes with heavy metal ion in the water, on the surface of the used tire conventionally turned into powdered form. For this purpose, through FT-IR, XRD, XRF, SEM, elution test we confirmed and analyzed the property of newly reformed scrapped tires, and functional group. Also, by Kinetics Study we produced an invariable value applying to absorption models. Conclusively the absorption preference of heavy metal is determined to be $Pb^{2+}>Cu^{2+}>Cd^{2+}$, and it reached absorption balance within first 30 minutes, also the absorption reaction time increased from 0.27 to $1.78\sim3.15(g/mg{\cdot}min)$, and showed more than 80% of removal efficiency. This result proved that the efficiency increased by 10 times compared with the conventional powdered Discarded Automotive tires, and the Discarded Automotive tire which implemented the Functional group can exhibit a great efficiency as heavy metal adsorbent.

• Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.163-172
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• 1996

Recently, the disposal of used vehicle tires is a big social problem because the amount of used vehicle tires has been increased with development of' automobile industry. Many researches have been made on the recycling of used vehicle tires in the various fields of industry as well as construction industry. When the crumb rubber made of vehicle tires is mixed in cement concrete and mortar, it is indicated that the adhesive strength of interface between the crumb rubber and cement hydrates is very low. The purpose of this study is to improve the fundamental properties by increasing of the adhesion strength of styrene-butadiene rubber(SF3R) latex coated crumb rubber in ; cement mortar. SBR-modified mortar using crumb rubber is also tested as the same method. From the test results, the cement mortar using SBR latex coated crumb rubber have a good fundamental properties compared with that using uncoated crumb rubber. The mechanical properties of SBR-modified mortar using crumb rubber with polymer-cement ratios of 10% are also improved.

• Journal of Platform Technology
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.34-46
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• 2023

The design of non-pneumatic tires, which are created by filling the space between the wheel and the tread with elastomeric compounds or polygonal spokes, has become an important research topic in the automotive and aerospace industries. In this study, a system was designed for the design of non-pneumatic tires through the implementation of a generative adversarial network. We specifically examined factors that could impact the design, including the type of non-pneumatic tire, its intended usage environment, manufacturing techniques, distinctions from pneumatic tires, and how spoke design affects load distribution. Using OpenCV, various shapes and spoke configurations were generated as images, and a GAN model was trained on the projected GANs to generate shapes and spokes for non-pneumatic tire designs. The designed non-pneumatic tires were labeled as available or not, and a Vision Transformer image classification AI model was trained on these labels for classification purposes. Evaluation of the classification model show convergence to a near-zero loss and a 99% accuracy rate confirming the generation of non-pneumatic tire designs.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.06d
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• pp.93-96
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• 2001

In this paper, we present a vision algorithm and method for input image improvement and preprocessing of dented and raised characters on the sidewall of tires. we define optical condition between reflect coefficient and reflectance by the physical vector calculate. On the contrary this work will recognize the engraved characters using the computer vision technique. Tire input images have all most same grey levels between the characters and backgrounds. The reflectance is little from a tire surface. therefore, it's very difficult segment the characters from the background. Moreover, one side of the character string is raised and the other is dented. So, the captured images are varied with the angle of camera and illumination. For optimum input images, the angle between camera and illumination was found out to be with in 90。 .In addition, We used complex filtering with low-pass and high-pass band filters to improve input images, for clear input images. Finally we define equation reflect coefficient and reflectance. By doing this, we obtained good images of tires for pattern recognition.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.213-220
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• 1993

The problem of disposing of huge quantities of used tires is of growing concern to every country. As an economical solid waste management, a gasification followed by incineration process was applied to scrap tires to recover heat and to reduce waste volume for final landfill disposal. The gasification temperature, combustible and non-combustible gasified products and possibly produced air pollutants were predicted by changing equivalent mole ratios of carbon to oxygen by a chemical equilibrium model. For a risk assessment of ash toxic pollutants including heavy metals and toxic organics were thoroughly analyzed. Gasification bottom ash contained much more toxic organic compounds than fly ash, whereas fly ash contained higher concentration of heavy metals such as Pb and Cd. Pretreatment or secure landfill technology is suggested for a safe management of ash produced from the gasification incinerators.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.324-329
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• 1996

In this paper, we present a vision algorithm to extract the tire information markings on the sidewall of tires. Since the appearance of tire marks is the same as its background, a primary feature to distinguish tire marks from their background is the roughness. Generally, the roughness of tire marks is different from that of its bakground: the surface of tire marks is smoother than the backgrounds. Light incident on the tire surface is reflected differently according to the roughness. For smoother surfaces, the surface irradiance is much stronger than that of rough surfaces. Based on these phenomena and observation, we propose an optimal illumination condition based on Torrance-Sparrow reflection model. We also develop an efficient reflectance-ratio based operator to extract the boundary of tire marks. Even with a very simple masking operation, we were able to obtain remarkable boundary extraction results from real experiments using many tires. By explicitly using the surface reflection model to explain the intensity variation on the black tire surface, we demonstrate that a physics-based vision method is powerful and feasible in extracting surface markings on tires.