• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
• /
• 2004.05a
• /
• pp.742-747
• /
• 2004

Hard disk drives (HDD) in computer are used extensively as data storage capacity. PIV measurement system was used fur 2-dimensional visualization of the unsteady flow between co-rotating disks in air both with a shroud and both with a actual-like case. Geometric parameters are gap height (H) between disks in the case of shroud. The lobe- structured boundary between inner region and outer region was visualized, and the number of dominant vertices was determined clearly. It is found from flow visualization that the number of vortex cells can be correlated with Reynolds number based on H which is defined as R $e_{H}$ =ΩRH/v ranging from 7.96$\times$10$^2$ to 1.43$\times$10$^4$, and decreases as the disk speed increases. In the case of a actual-like case, the boundary between inner region and outer region appears cleary when head position located at outer diameter with no damper. It is detected with a case of head position middle diameter that the tip wake is generated behind HGA using PIV measurement and calculation.n.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.60-66
• /
• 2013

Numerical simulation was performed for the rotor blade with fixed tab in hover using an unstructured mesh Navier-Stokes flow solver. The inflow and outflow boundary conditions using 1D momentum and 3D sink theory were applied to reduce computational time. Calculations were performed at several operating conditions of varying collective pitch angle and fixed tab length. The aerodynamic effect of fixed tab length was investigated for hovering efficiency, pitching moment and flapping moment of the rotor blade. The results show that it affects linearly increasing on the pitching moment of the rotor blade but does not affect on the flapping moment. The required power is less than 45kw for ground rotating test in hover. Numerical simulations also show that the vortex generate not only from the tip of the rotor blade but also from the fixed tab on the rotor blade.

• Journal of computational fluids engineering
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.28-35
• /
• 2013

Behavior of the side force generated at high angles of attack by two ogive-cylinder bodies of revolution with nose fineness ratio of 2.3 (B1) and 3.5 (B2) and the effect of a strip placed close the nose tip of each body (B1S and B2S) are analyzed through the wind tunnel test at ReD=200,000 and a=42~60 deg. The side force generated by B1 is increased by placing a strip. The side force generated by B2 is in the starboard direction and its magnitude is higher than that of the B1S. The effect of the strips with various dimensions placed on B2 is investigated. It is found that the 4-layer strip placed on the starboard reversed the direction of the side force into port direction. It is confirmed by numerical simulations that the strip promotes the flow separation and increases the average pressure on the side where it is placed and consequently produces the side force in the corresponding direction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Visualization
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.27-33
• /
• 2012

This paper describes a new design of small-scale horizontal wind blade, called spiral wind turbine blade. Theoretical and numerical approaches on the prediction of aerodynamic performance of the blade have been conducted. A theoretical equation is successfully derived using the angular momentum equation to predict aerodynamic characteristics according to the design shape parameters of spiral blade. To be compared with the theoretical value, a numerical simulation using ANSYS CFX v12.1 is performed on the same design with the theoretical one. Large scale tip vortex is captured and graphically presented in this paper. The TSR-$C_p$ diagram shows a typical parabolic relation in which the maximum efficiency of the blade approximately 25% exists at TSR=2.5. The numerical simulation agrees well with that of the theoretical result except at the low rotational speed region of 0~20 rad/s.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate the internal structure of the impinged diesel spray at various experimental conditions. To examine the effect of various factors on the development of a diesel spray impinging on the wall, experiments were conducted at the various Injection pressures, wall distances from the nozzle tip and angles of wall inclination. The PIV system consists of a double pulsed Nd:YAG laser was utilized to analyze the internal flow structure of impinged diesel sprays. The velocity fields from the PIV system were compared with the results measured by the phase Doppler particle analyzer(PDPA)system. The results show that internal flow pattern of the impinged spray was similar with the results from the PDPA system. The radial velocity of the impinged spray was increased with the increase in the injection pressure and near the nozzle-wall distance. The generation of vortex was also promoted with the Increase in angles of wall inclination.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.45 no.4
• /
• pp.379-388
• /
• 2008

A hybrid Cartesian/immersed boundary code is expanded to simulate flow field around a three-dimensional body which undergoes large dynamic deformation. Immersed boundary nodes are automatically distributed based on the edges crossing triangles on body boundary. Velocity vectors are reconstructed at those immersed boundary nodes along local normal lines to the boundary. The reconstruction of pressure is avoided using the hybrid staggered/non-staggered grid method. The developed code is validated through comparisons with other results on laminar flow over a sphere. The code is applied to simulate flow around a foil which is attached to a body of revolution and rotates under periodic deformation. The periodic variation of the tip vortex is observed and the effects of the deformation on hydrodynamic force acting on the body are investigated.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.39 no.3
• /
• pp.41-47
• /
• 2002

Turbulent wake behind a ship propeller has been investigated using the adaptive hybrid 2-frame PTV(Particle Tracking Velocimetry). 400 instantaneous velocity fields were measured according to 4 different blade phases and ensemble-averaged to investigate the spatial evolution of the vortical structure of near wake within one propeller diameter downstream. The phase averaged mean velocity fields show the potential wake and the viscous wake formed by the boundary layers developed on the blade surfaces. As the tip vortex evolves downstream, the slipstream is contracted and the turbulent intensity is decreased with viscous dissipation and turbulent diffusion.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
• /
• v.45 no.6
• /
• pp.620-630
• /
• 2008

The characteristics of complicated propeller wake influenced by hull wake are investigated by using a two-frame PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) technique. As the propeller is significantly affected by the hull wake in a real marine vessel, the measurements of propeller wake under the hull wake would be certainly necessary for more reliable validation and the prediction of numerical simulation with wake modeling. Velocity field measurements have been conducted in a medium-size cavitation tunnel with a hull wake. Generally, the hull wake generated by the boundary layer of ship's hull produces the different loading distribution on the propeller blade in both upper and lower propeller planes. The difference of the propeller wake behaviors caused by the hull wake is discussed in terms of axial velocity, vorticity and turbulence kinetic energy distribution in the present study.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.55-65
• /
• 2017

Underwater torpedo has control fin with very low aspect ratio due to launching from limited size of cylindrical torpedo tube. If the aspect ratio of control fin of underwater vehicle is very low three-dimensional flow around control fin largely reduces control forces. In this study, the end plate was applied to reduce the three-dimensional flow effects of partially movable control fin of underwater vehicle. Through numerical simulations the flow field around control fin was examined with and without end plate for different flap angles. The pressure, vorticity, lift and torque on the control fin were analyzed and compared to experiments. The comparison have shown a reasonable agreement between numerical and experimental results and the effect of end plate on a low aspect ratio control fin. When the end plate was attached to the movable control fin, the lift increased and the actuator shaft torque did not significantly change. As this means less consumption of the actuator shaft torque compared to the control fin that has the same control force, the inner actuator capacity can be reduced and energy consumption can be saved. Considering this, it is expected to be effectively applied to the control fin design of underwater vehicles such as torpedoes.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.595-609
• /
• 2015

The wake characteristics of Contra-Rotating Propeller (CRP) were investigated using numerical simulation and flow measurement. The numerical simulation was carried out with a commercial CFD code based on a Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations solver, and the flow measurement was performed with Stereoscopic Particle Image Velocimetry (SPIV) system. The simulation results were validated through the comparison with the experiment results measured around the leading edge of rudder to investigate the effect of propeller operation under the conditions without propeller, with forward propeller alone, and with both forward and aft propellers. The evolution of CRP wake was analyzed through velocity and vorticity contours on three transverse planes and one longitudinal plane based on CFD results. The trajectories of propeller tip vortex core in the cases with and without aft propeller were also compared, and larger wake contraction with CRP was confirmed.