• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.675-683
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• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Whole body vibration exercise(WBVE) in patient with chronic stroke. Methods : Thirty patients were divided into two groups by randomly experimental group(14 subject) and control group(16 subject) in a single blinded, randomised study. experimental group was conducted for the 6-weeks WBVE program and had a structured exercise program for 16 minutes, 5 days per week and control group was conducted for the shame exercise program. Outcome variables included the knee extensor strength, Berg balance scale, Timed up and go test at 0 and 6 weeks. Results : The experimental group tended to improve more than the control group in balance(Berg balance scale) and walking ability(Timed up and go test). There were no trends in differences in change scores by the knee extensor strength. Conclusion : WBVE program may be helpful to improve knee extensor strengthening, dynamic balance and walking ability for patients with chronic patients.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2011

Purpose : We studied the correlation between reference voluntary contraction (% RVC) of vastus lateralis (VL) and vastus medialis (VM), Berg balance scale (BBS), and timed-up & go (TUG) test. Methods : We recruited 30 stroke patients from a rehabilitation center at a hospital.? All subjects could walk with or without an assisting device. Subjects were evaluated with % RVC of VL and VM, BBS, and TUG. The data were analyzed using a Pearson correlation coefficient. Results : The % RVC of VL and VM and BBS (p<0.01) showed a significant positive correlation. TUG negatively correlated with % RVC of VL and VM and BBS (p<0.01). Conclusion : Lower extremity muscle activity increases balance and walking ability. We recommend the implementation of lower extremity strength exercises in the rehabilitation of stroke patient.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.529-538
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• 2009

본 연구의 목적은 여성고령자의 균형과 관련된 평가항목 BBS(Berg balance scale), SPPB(short physical performance battery), TUG(timed up and go)를 측정하여 COP와의 상관관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 여성고령자 10명을 대상으로 신체기능검사와 정적직립자세 동안 지면경사(평지, 내리막, 오르막경사)에 따른 COP 이동범위와 평균속도를 산출하였다. 여성고령자들의 COP 좌우와 전후 값 비교에서 평지와 내리막, 오르막 모두 전후 값이 유의하게 크게 나타났으며, 좌우와 전후 각 방향에서 지면경사에 따른 유의한 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 신체 기능 점수와 COP 상관관계에서 BBS와 SPPB 점수가 높을수록 COP 이동범위와 평균속도 값은 감소하였으며 TUG 값이 클수록 COP 값이 크게 나타나는 유의한 상관관계를 나타냈다. 고령자들에게 균형과 관련된 신체기능검사와 COP는 지면경사에 따라 유의한 상관관계를 가지므로 임상에서 치료사들은 고령자들의 균형평가 시 COP 변수뿐만 아니라 BBS, SPPB, TUG를 통한 균형평가 활용이 가능하다고 본다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2009

Purpose: This study examined the effect of aquatic exercise on the improvement in physical and pulmonary function after stroke. Methods: Fourteen candidates, who had experienced stroke, were enrolled in this study. The program was carried out three times weekly, 1 hour per session and for 10 consecutive weeks. At pre-treatment and post-treatment, the subjects were tested with a 10 m and 100 m timed gait test, a timed get up and go test, a functional reach test, the difference in thoracic girth at inspiration and expiration, and breaths per minute. The forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were measured using a spirometer. Results: After ten weekends of an aquatic exercise program, the subjects showed a significant difference in all the test results except for the FEV1 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Intervention with this aquatic exercise program can improve the physical and pulmonary function in people who have had a stroke.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.77-92
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• 2006

Purpose : This study was to evaluate the effect of traditional balance training on balance in older adults. Methods : The subjects of this study were thirty elderly over 65 years old. Thirty subjects ranging aged from 66 to 85($74.0{\pm}5.83$) completed the study and participated three times a week for 5weeks. Subjects were assessed by utilizing two different balance measure : Static standing balance was measured by balance performance monitor(BPM). Dynamic balance was measured by timed up and go test(TUG). The scale for static standing balance was measured by using frequence(Hz), sway area($mm^2$), sway path(mm), max sway velocity(mm/s), ant/post sway angle($^{\circ}$), left/right sway angle($^{\circ}$), and sway number. Results : The change in frequency were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test(P<.05), 2. The change in sway area were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test (P<.05), 3. The change in sway path were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test(P<.05), 4. The change in max sway velocity were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test (P<.05), 5. The change in ant/post sway angle were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test (P<.05), 6. The change in left/right sway angle were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test(P<.05), 7. The change in sway number were statistically significant on pre-test and post-test(P<.05), 8. The score on timed up and go test shows statistically significant increase on pre-test and post-test (P<.05). Conclusion : This study suggest that traditional balance training have an effect on balance performance ability for elderly people. Therefore, the traditional balance training is recommended for older adults to improve balance performance ability.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.487-494
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• 2013

본 연구는 기계적 승마치료가 뇌졸중 환자의 체간조절, 균형능력에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위해 실시되었다. 본 연구에 15명의 뇌졸중 환자가 참여하였다. 연구 대상은 뇌줄중 환자를 실험군과 대조군으로 각각 7명, 8명씩 무작위로 배정하였다. 모든 환자들은 보존적 물리치료를 받았으며, 실험군에게 추가적으로 기계적 승마치료를 30분동안 시행하였다. 연구는 2013년 3월 4일부터 5월 3일 까지 약 8주간 진행되었다. 본 연구의 평가 도구는 체간조절 검사, 뇌졸중 자세조절 검사, 버그 균형 척도, 일어나서 걷기 검사였다. 측정은 중재 전, 후로 실시하였다. 중재 후 군내에서 실험군과 대조군의 체간조절 검사, 뇌졸중 자세조절 검사, 버그 균형 척도, 일어나서 걷기 검사의 중재 전, 후 값에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<.05). 실험군은 중재 전, 후 차이값이 체간조절 검사, 뇌졸중 자세조절 검사, 버그 균형 척도, 일어나서 걷기 검사에서 각각 $27.85{\pm}19.03$, $6{\pm}4.04$, $19.28{\pm}4.27$, $16.68{\pm}4.61$ 향상되었고, 대조군에서는 각각 $17.87{\pm}18.3$, $2{\pm}2.07$, $7.62{\pm}6.75$, $3.21{\pm}1.75$ 향상되었다. 두 군간의 중재 후의 평가 비교에서 중재 후 체간조절 감사, 뇌졸중 자세조절 검사, 버그 균형 척도, 일어나서 걷기 검사에서 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<.05). 이는 기계적 승마치료가 뇌졸중 환자의 체간조절 능력, 균형 능력에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것을 의미하여 앞으로 이러한 연구결과를 일반화시키는 것이 필요할 것이라고 사료된다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권2호
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• pp.440-452
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine if an 8-week therapeutic riding (TR) program was effective in improving the walking ability of students with intellectual disabilities. Thirteen students diagnosed with intellectual disabilities participated in the TR program. TR sessions were conducted twice a week (30 min per session), with a total of 16 rides taking place over an 8-week period. A gait measurement analyzer was used to measure progress based on a turn test (6-m walking and turning test), walk test (10-m walking), and timed up and go (TUG) test. Measurements were made three times: before horse-riding (P0), after 4 weeks (8 rides) of horse-riding (P1), and after 8 weeks (16 rides) of horse-riding (P2). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS software (ver. 22.0). Descriptive statistics were generated on the general characteristics of the subjects, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to verify the normality of the data. Because of the lack of normality, the data were analyzed using a nonparametric method and the significance level was set to 0.05. Measurements of the duration of the forward gait cycle (s) in the turn test and the forward gait speed (m/s) in the walk test indicated improved walking ability after the TR program (p < 0.001); the stride length (% height) also increased significantly (p < 0.05). The walk test revealed a significant effect of the program on the duration of the forward gait cycle (p < 0.05), while there were significant improvements on the left and right of the elaborated strides (p < 0.001). No significant improvement in TUG test performance was observed after the TR program. In this study, an 8-week TR program had positive results on gait. Therefore, further research is merited, where TR programs are likely to improve the walking ability of individuals with intellectual disabilities.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2016

Background: In the stroke patients with the characteristics of hemiplegic gait, turning direction of the affected and unaffected side influences turning time. Therefore, it is important to investigate the walking response to turning directions in stroke patients. Objects: This study aimed to measure the walking time while turning direction in hemiplegic patients depending on balance ability measured by Berg Balance Scale. Methods: A group of forty-five subjects with stroke (Berg Balance Scale score${\geq}46$ were twenty-eight, Berg Balance Scale score${\leq}45$ were seventeen) were enrolled in this study. Subjects were asked to perform the Timed Up and Go test. Testing indications included two directions for turning in each subject. These indications were for turning toward the affected and unaffected side in stroke patients. The duration of total analysis duration, sit to stand phase, stand to sit phase, mid-turning phase, and end turning phase were recorded. The obtained data were analyzed by using paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed rank test in the group that are below and above 45 points of Berg Balance Scale score. The significance level was set at ${\alpha}=.05$. Results: There were significant increase time in the analysis duration and end turning phase duration while subjects were turned the unaffected side in stroke patients that presented a Berg Balance Scale score${\leq}45$ (p<.05). However, the comparison between the affected side and the unaffected side in the stroke patients with Berg Balance Scale score${\geq}46$, revealed no significant differences of the measured parameters. Conclusion: This finding should be suggested in the specific definition of turning direction for evaluation with Timed Up and Go test in the Berg Balance Scale score${\leq}45$, and other intervention for hemiplegic patients need to be suggested the direction of turning during walking training program.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the correlations between muscle strength of the ankle and balance, walking in the elderly. Methods: Thirty-nine subjects were selected from a population of female volunteers. Measurement of balance ability included evaluation of timed "up and go", functional reach, and a one leg standing test. Measurement of walking analysis included evaluation of cadence, stride length, step length, and walking speed. Maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) of the ankle muscle strength was measured by use of a dynamometer. Results: For balance, there were significant negative correlations between timed "up and go" and the MVIC of the ankle dorsiflexor. There were significant positive correlations between one leg standing with the eyes closed and the MVIC of the ankle dorsiflexor. For walking, there were significant positive correlations between cadence, walking speed and the MVIC of the ankle dorsiflexor. Conclusion: This study showed that there were close relationships between muscle strength of the ankle dorsiflexor and walking and balance in the elderly.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.89-98
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• 2018

PURPOSE: While underwater, patients with hemiplegia experience unwanted limb flotation on their paretic side due to low muscle mass and high body fat. However, only a limited number of studies support the effectiveness of this practice. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine how the balance and walking abilities of patients with hemiplegia due to stroke were affected by wearing an aquatic cuff on their ankles during underwater treadmill walking. METHODS: Twenty stroke patients were divided into an experimental group comprised of 20 patients who would wear an aquatic cuff and a control group comprised of 10 patients without an aquatic cuff. Both groups underwent a six-week intervention for 30 minutes a day three times a week. To evaluate the groups' balance and walking abilities before and after the intervention, the 10 m walking test, timed up go test, Berg Balance Scale, functional reaching test, and the GAITRite system were used. RESULTS: The results of the 10 m walking test, timed up go test, differences between the left and right gait cycles, and functional reaching test showed statistically significant differences in the rates of change between the two groups (p<.05). CONCLUSION: The study results suggest that underwater treadmill training in stroke patients can be more effective when they wear an aquatic cuff on their ankles compared to wearing no aquatic cuff.