• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.16-20
• /
• 2017

In a continuing study of the fermented noni (Morinda citrifolia) juice exudates, five compounds, heptanyl $2-O-{\beta}-{\small{D}}-xylofuranosyl-(1{\rightarrow}6)-{\beta}-{\small{D}}-glucopyranoside$ (1), n-butyl ${\beta}-{\small{D}}-glucopyranoside$ (2), (1S)-(3-ethenyl-phenyl)-1,2-ethanediol (3), (2S)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid (4), and daucosterol (5) were isolated from the buthanol partition of the extract. The structures of the isolates were identified by 1D and 2D NMR, and MS experiments, as well as by comparison of their data with the published values. Among the isolates, compounds 1 - 3 were isolated for the first time from the plant species. The isolated compounds were evaluated for their cancer chemopreventive potential based on their ability to inhibit nitric oxide (NO) production and tumor necrosis factor alpha ($TNF-{\alpha}$)-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ activity, and quinonone reductase-1 (QR1)-inducing effect.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• 제42권2호
• /
• pp.57-61
• /
• 1999

Seven numerically dominant 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA)-degrading bacteria were isolated from agricultural soils. The isolates utilized the herbicide MCPA as a sole carbon source, producing significant biomass in MCPA mineral medium. They exhibited diverse herbicide degradation capabilities, but most of them grew very slowly in mineral medium containing herbicide. The chromosomal DNA patterns of the isolates obtained by polymerase chain reaction amplification of repetitive extragenic palindromic sequences were distinct from each other. One isolate, SH3, which was identified as Sphingomonas species by fatty acid methyl ester analysis, was able to degrade 5 different phenoxyacetic acid herbicides within 4 days. This strain contains two plasmids, and the smaller one has a crucial role in herbicide degradation. MCPA treated into agricultural soils without indigenous MCPA-degraders persisted for a long time, but the application of the isolate SH3 resulted in rapid decline of MCPA concentration in the soil.

• 한국해양생명과학회지
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.22-28
• /
• 2019

The bacterial diversity of an Antarctic hard coral, Errina fissurata, was examined by isolating bacterial colonies from crushed coral tissue and by sequencing their 16S rRNA gene. From the analyzed results, the bacteria were classified as Actinobacteria (56%), Firmicutes (35%) and Proteobacteria (9%). The thirty-four isolates were cultured in liquid media at different temperatures and their growth was assessed over time. The majority of the isolates displayed their highest growth rate at 25℃ during the first three days of cultivation, even though the coral was from a cold environment. Nevertheless, strains showing their highest growth rate at low temperatures (15℃ and 4℃) were also found. This study reports the composition of an Antarctic hard coral-associated culturable bacterial community and their growth behavior at different temperatures.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제51권5호
• /
• pp.563-567
• /
• 2013

An ocular Toxocara canis infection is reported for the first time in Vietnam. A 34-year-old man residing in a village of Son La Province, North Vietnam, visited the National Eye Hospital (NEH) in August 2011. He felt a bulge-sticking pain in his left eye and loss of vision occurred over 3 months before visiting the hospital. The eye examination in the hospital showed damage of the left eye, red eye, retinal fibrosis, retinal detachment, inflammation of the eye tissues, retinal granulomas, and a parasitic cyst inside. A larva of Toxocara was collected with the cyst by a medical doctor by surgery. Comparison of 264 nucleotides of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA was done between our Vietnamese Toxocara canis and other Toxocara geographical isolates, including Chinese T. canis, Japanese T. canis, Sri Lankan T. canis, and Iranian T. canis. The nucleotide homology was 97-99%, when our T. canis was compared with geographical isolates. Identification of a T. canis infection in the eye by a molecular method was performed for the first time in Vietnam.

• 약학회지
• /
• 제57권2호
• /
• pp.95-100
• /
• 2013

This study was performed to analyze in vitro and in vivo activities of LCB01-0183, a new oxazolidinone, against clinical isolates of bacteria. In vitro antibacterial activity of LCB01-0183 was tested by the two fold agar dilution method. In vivo activity of LCB01-0183 was determined against systemic infections in mice. LCB01-0183 showed most potent activity among the test compounds against clinical isolates of Gram-positive bacteria. Furthermore, the protective activity of LCB01-0183 was very effective against systemic infections in mice by oral or subcutaneous administration. In time kill study, LCB01-0183 showed a bacteriostatic activity during 24 hours. LCB01-0183 had potent in vitro and in vivo activity against Gram-positive bacteria including drug-resistant strains.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제55권2호
• /
• pp.105-110
• /
• 2015

A real-time PCR assay using hybridization probe (HybProbe) has been developed to detect Brucella (B.) melitensis strains. The primer and HybProbe sets were designed based on the gap gene of chromosome I with a specific single nucleotide polymorphism of B. melitensis. Specificity of the assay was confirmed by comparison to reference Brucella species and other related strains. In the melting curve analysis, B. melitensis generated a peak at $67^{\circ}C$ unlike those for other Brucella species observed at $61^{\circ}C$. Sensitivity of the assay for B. melitensis ranged from 20 ng to 200 fg of genomic DNA. The ability to identify 94 Mongolian B. melitensis isolates using the real-time PCR assay was identical to that of classical biotyping methods and differential multiplex PCR. These data showed that this new molecular technique is a simple and quick method for detecting B. melitensis, which will be important for the control and prevention of brucellosis.

• 아시안잔디학회지
• /
• 제25권2호
• /
• pp.160-170
• /
• 2011

설부병에 원인이되는 Typhula species 대하여 살균제의 감수성을 실내에서 연구하였다. 살균제, 노즐타입 및 살포약량에 대한 효과와 살균제의 살포시기(이른가을과 늦가을)에 대한효과 위스콘신에서 겨울동안 설부병에 대한 약제의 방제 효과에 대한 영향을 평가하였다. 모든 살균제는 Typhula spp.의 8균주에 대하여 실내 PDA 배지 상에서 균사생장을 효과적으로 억제하였다. 8균주에 대한 균사생장 저지효과는 propiconazole $1.0{\mu}g$ (a.i) / ml에서 가장 효과적이었다. Typhula incarnata 2균주는 T. ishikariensis 6균주(3품종)보다 모든 살균제에서 더 감수성을 보였다. 2년 동안 포장시험에서 7개 농약을 2지역에서 살포하였으나, 무처리구에서만 병 발생이 심각하였다. Propiconazole이 설부병 방제에 2년 동안 2곳에서 가장 효과적이었다. 약제 살포용 노즐타입이나 살포약량은 두 곳 시험에서 모두 통계적으로 유의성이 없었다. 살제 살포시기도 설부병 방제에 통계적으로 유의성이 없었다.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제27권2호통권89호
• /
• pp.112-118
• /
• 1999

한국, 일본 그리고 미국 등지에서 수집된 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici의 electrophoretic karyotype(EK)을 분석하고자 CHEF-DRII pulsed field gel electrophoresis system(Bio-Rad Laboratories, Melville, NY)으로 각 공시균의 chromosome sized DNA를 분리하였다. EK 분석에 적합한 CHEF gel electrophoresis 조건을 얻기 위해 전기영동 시간 및 전압 그리고 switching interval 등의 조건을 다양하게 바꾸어 가며 실험하였다. 그 결과 국내 균주에서 $0.76{\sim}6.41\;Mb$에 달하는 $9{\sim}11$개의 chromosome sized DNA가 분리되었으며 그 total genome size는 $35.29{\sim}38.92\;Mb$ 이었다. 또한 일본과 미국 균주로 부터 $1.24{\sim}6.85\;Mb$범위의 $9{\sim}11$개의 chromosome sized DNA가 분리되었고 그 total genome size는 $35.32{\sim}43.87\;Mb$ 이었다. 이와 같이 얻어진 각 공시균주의 EK는 chromosome sized DNA의 length range 및 total genome size에서 국내 균주와 외국 균주간의 차이를 잘 반영하였다. 또한 국내 균주의 chromosomal polymorphism은 그 변이가 적어 서로 동일하거나 유사하였으며 외국 균주와 뚜렷이 다른 chromosomal DNA pattern을 나타냈다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제27권9호
• /
• pp.1593-1601
• /
• 2017

Vibrio species are generally recognized as pathogens predominant in seafood along coastal areas. The food industry has sought to develop efficient microbial detection methods. Owing to the limits of conventional methods, this study aimed to establish a rapid identification method for Vibrio isolated from Korea, based on matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Four different preparation procedures were compared to determine the appropriate means to pretreat Vibrio species, using 17 isolates and five reference strains. Extended direct transfer and full formic acid extraction methods using bacterial colonies on agar plates revealed very low identification rates. Formic acid and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) extractions using bacterial broth cultures were also performed. All Vibrio isolates and reference strains prepared by TFA extraction were successfully identified to the species level (17/22, 77.3%) and to the genus level (5/22, 22.7%). Thus, TFA extraction was considered the most appropriate method to pretreat Vibrio species for MALDI-TOF MS. The remaining 33 isolates and two reference strains were prepared by TFA extraction and analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. Overall, 50 isolates were identified to the species level (40/50, 80%) and to the genus level (10/50, 20%). All isolates were identified as 43 V. alginolyticus, six V. parahaemolyticus, and one V. vulnificus species. V. alginolyticus and V. parahaemolyticus were isolated from fish offal (87.5% and 12.5%, respectively), seawater (91.3%, 8.7%), and shellfish (62.5%, 37.5%), whereas V. alginolyticus and V. vulnificus were isolated from sediment (90.9% and 9.1%, respectively). This study established a reliable system of MALDI-TOF MS preparation and analysis for Vibrio identification.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• 제48권6호
• /
• pp.619-623
• /
• 2005

목 적 : 면역 저하된 소아 암 환자에서 균혈증은 조기에 적절한 치료를 하지 못하면 이환율과 사망률이 높아 질 수 있는 질환으로서 호발 원인균의 발생 빈도 및 항생제에 대한 감수성은 지역적 시기적으로 변화하는 경향이 있으므로 이를 조사하여 경험적 항생제 선택에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 방 법 : 1995년 9월부터 2003년 8월까지 영남대학교 의과대학부속병원 소아과에 입원한 소아 암 환자를 대상으로 병력지와 혈액배양검사 결과를 조사하여 균혈증이 확진된 39명, 58례를 대상으로 원인 균의 종류 및 항생제 감수성을 조사 분석하였다. 결 과 : 소아 암 환자에서 균혈증의 발생빈도는 균혈증이 의심되어 혈액배양을 시행한 1,022례 중 58례로 5.7%였다. 균혈증을 일으킨 가장 흔한 원인 균은 그람양성균으로 총 37례(63.8%) 였고 그람음성균은 총 21례(36.2%)였다. 그람양성균의 경우 Staphylococcus epidermidis (22례, 37.9%), Staphylococcus aureus (10례, 17.3%), Streptococcus (5례, 8.6%) 순이었고, 그람음성균의 경우 Escherichia coli (7례, 12%), Enterobacter (4례, 6.9%), Klebsiella (4례, 6.9%), Serratia (2례, 3.5%), Acinetobacter (2례, 3.5%), Proteus (1례, 1.7%), Morganella morganii (1례, 1.7%) 순으로 나타났다. 항생제 감수성 검사에서는 그람양성균 37례 중 6례(16%)에서만 penicillin 감수성을 나타내었고, 15례(40%)에서 oxacillin 감수성을 나타내었다. Staphylococcus aureus는 1례를 제외한 모든 예에서 vancomycin에, Staphylococcus epidermidis는 1례를 제외한 모든 예에서 teicoplanin에 감수성을 나타내었다. 그람음성균의 경우, 21례 중 2례(10%)만이 cefotaxime에, 4례(19%)에서만 ceftazidime에 감수성을 나타내었다. Aminoglycoside에는 21례 중 6례(29%) 에서만 감수성을 나타내었으며, 21례 모두에서 imipenem에 감수성을, 2000년 이후부터 감수성 검사를 시행한 meropenem에도 모든 예에서 감수성을 나타내었다. 결 론: 균혈증이 의심되는 소아 암 환자에서 그람양성균에 의한 균혈증이 증가하는 점과 그람양성균과 그람음성균 모두 항생제 다제내성 빈도가 증가하고 있음을 유념하여 적절한 항생제를 선택해야 할 것이다.