• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.15-25
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• 2017

Subi basin is located at the crestline of Taebaek mountains. This paper aims to elucidate the geomorphic development of Subi basin through the analysis of river terraces built in Wangpi-cheon and Banbyeon-cheon. Wangpi-cheon flows northeastward from Subi basin, and Banbyeon-cheon flows southward at the west of Subi basin. Absolute age of terrace is measured by means of OSL methodology, long profile of Wangpi-cheon is made up with 10m interval contour line, and the elevation above river bed of high terraces is measured at the end part of terrace. The results are as follow: Firstly, high river terraces of Subi basin, Wangpi-cheon and Banbyeon-cheon are formed about 40 kyr(MIS 3) being interstadial stage of last glacial period. Secondly, the elevation above river bed of high terraces of Wangpi-cheon and Banbyeon-cheon tends to increase toward upstream. It means that the uplift of Taebaek Mountains influences considerably the formation of their terraces. Thirdly, the elevation above river bed of high terraces at the reach from Seomchon to Suha-ri of Wangpi-cheon tends to decrease toward upstream. This section is captured from Banbyeon-cheon flowing in the opposite direction. River piracy has occurred from the time of formation of Suha-ri high terrace to the time of formation of Hantee wind gap. Finally, for fluvial system of Wangpi-cheon to establish dynamic equilibrium, topographic axis will move toward Banbyeon-cheon.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.3-23
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• 2010

This essay questions and attempts to answer why and how Shakespeare set his plays in time and space other than his own England. Bakhtin's concept of chronotope as integrated time-space offers a model of establishing "a historical poetics." Shakespeare's chronotope has been either negated as mere names for transcendental ideas by universalists, or reduced to a "cover" for contemporary England by historicists. Refuting such either/or approach, this essay claims chronotopic dynamics of both/and as Shakespeare's intentional poetics of ambiguity. While Shakespeare clearly wants to build fictional chronotope distant from reality and does so through verbal repetition, character names, alternation of locales and speaking directly to the audience, he also brings in reality through the figure of clowns and the theatrical space of platea. Anachronism and topological errors ensuing from chronotopic collision register desire to produce multiple meanings. Shaped by historical forces such as Renaissance poetics, education, censorship and new geography, chronotopic form itself is a witness of historicity as much as the coded ideological messages New Historicists industriously delve out. Shakespeare's chronotopic dynamism offers the space for dialogue and appropriation to modern readers, a practice no less worthwhile than history lesson.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.158-172
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• 2017

This study analyzes the time-space variability for the weekly passenger flow of the Seoul Subway system based on the dynamic visualization methods. For the purpose, we utilize one-week T-card transaction databases. By applying data mining algorithms, we extract passenger data for edge flows, on/off passengers at each subway station per minute interval time. It is practically intractable to analyze such spatio-temporal passenger flows by general statistical techniques. We employ dynamic visualization methods to analyze intuitively and to grasp effectively characteristics of the diurnal passenger flows on the Seoul Metropolitan Subway system during one week. As the result, we found that substantial differences exist on the spatio-temporal distribution patterns among days as well as between weekdays and weekend. We also investigates the time-space variability among eight major centers, and we found wide differences in their spatio-temporal distribution patterns.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.369-387
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• 2017

This research derived sum of light (SOL) for Liaoning and Dandong, China, from DMSP OLS satellite images acquired at nighttime during 1992 to 2012 and investigated its potential association with economic status. The SOLs of Liaoning were found to be continuously increasing and higher than those of averages for the other provinces across the time period. The temporal pattern of SOLs would be interpreted to well reflect the economic status of this region based on real growth rate and average wage per capita. Nevertheless, the SOLs of Dandong were lower than the average of the other prefecture-level cities, which indicated the economic status of this city in China. Meanwhile, the average annual growth rate of SOLs for Dandong turned out to be increase for 1998~2007, compared with the previous years, and temporal patterns in the trade amount between North Korea and China and the export amount of North Korea to China were similar to those of SOLs in the same time period. The political association between South and North Koreas was improved with 'Sunshine Policy' during 1997~2007. Taking it into account, SOL is expected to be valuable spatial proxy index that could explain the geopolitcal and geoeconomic aspects of Dandong.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.389-410
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• 1995

Large metropolitan areas in the US are distinguished by highly fragmented fiscally independent suburban municipalities and special districts. The suburban fragmentation implies the congregation of similar socio-economic groups escaped from central cities and the disparity of geographical resources among local government jurisdictions. This study examines St.Louis County suburbs as a case study for the implictions of suburban governmental fragmentation and the fiscal disparities across local governmental boundaries by analyzing their relationship with public service provision using police and public school services as examples. The distribution of fiscal resources across political boundaries, the processes which created them, and public service inequalities reproduced from the disparity of fiscal resources reveal the causes and consequences of suburban governmental fragmentation. The central part of suburban fragmentation is the segregation of public goods consumption reproduced from the disparity of local fiscal resources, and it acts as a basic geographical segregating force in the suburban spatial organization.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.47-64
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• 2013

Landscape structure changes over the past three decades were determined with land use and land cover(LULC) maps, and their relationships with mean air temperature time series were the analyzed for the Busan metropolitan area and South Kyeongsang Province, Korea. The geometric structures of the LULC data were quantitatively represented based on FRAGSTATS, a spatial pattern analysis program for quantifying landscape structure. FRAGSTATS-derived landscape metrics confirmed that there were major changes in LULC and landscape fragmentation in the region. Meteorological observation records showed that mean air temperature had increased from $14.1^{\circ}C$ in the 1990's to $14.8^{\circ}C$ in the 2000's in Busan. For South Kyeongsang Province, they increased from $13.2^{\circ}C$ to $13.9^{\circ}C$ during the same time period. These long-term temperature changes are correlated with typical spatial pattern changes of LULC in the southeastern region of the country. Spatial metrics analysis showed that urban area expanded from 9.7% to 26.8% of Busan while forest and agricultural land decreased by 9.6% and 14.9%, respectively over the past thirty years. The significant urbanization are tightly associated with deforestation, removal of agricultural land, and fast temperature increases since the 1990's. The urban area of South Kyeongsang Province rapidly increased, and it became 12 times as large as it was. The degree of temperature increases differed among three different sub-regions. The temperature increasing rate was lowest in the coastal region while the colder mountainous region had the highest figure.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.583-599
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• 2008

Dokdo, small island located in the eastern end of the Korean Peninsula, has been an uninhabited island for long time due to long distance from the land. Moreover, the steep slope of volcanic tuff at Dokdo is well drained for high permeability and Dokdo has few plain areas, swamps and very thin soil layers. In this study, pollen analysis at Dokdo was attempted on the profile of organic sandy soil for the first time in Korea owing to the marine climate environment with high humidity and precipitation including snowfalls in spite of unprofitable condition geologically or geomorphologically. While many historical, political researches have been accumulated for territorial problem of Dokdo with Japan, natural scientific researches with field work are not sufficient, and few paleoecological researches have been done. As a result of pollen analysis, the ratio of the NAP(Non-Arboreal Pollen) and spore was higher than AP(Arboreal Pollen), and the vegetation change existed by showing dramatic decrease of AP at the upper layer. AP was composed of almost Pinus, and a little Alnus, Quercus, Betula, Carpinus, Picea and Ulmus. NAP was composed of Gramineae, Compositae, Chenopodiaceae Cyperaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Liliaceae, Umbelliferae, Artemisia, Lobelia, Rumex, Polygonum. Increase of the NAP such as Gramineae, Artemisia and Chenopodiaceae, they would mostly have been transported from the other areas because agricultural activity is impossible at Dokdo. While one reason of Pinus thunbergii decrease could be regarded as environmental change, the other reason would be lumbering of pine trees by human activity which is adapted to Dokdo environment.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.41-56
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to look into the location environment of prehistoric and ancient remains (hereinafter referred as remains) in Daejeon Area. For the purpose of this, out of remains reported in investigation areas so far with the object of remains (total 22 places) of New Stone Age -Proto Three Kingdom period, geographical and Geomorphological analysis was conducted. The results are like the following. Most of the remains are distributed over hills especially flat surface - semi-gentle slope of hills. The bed rocks of the remains (21 places, about 95%) are composed of double-mica granite. The remains (19 places, 86%) retain 'the 1st-2nd small scale river and '5th or higher medium scale river'within comparatively short distance at the same time. The average altitude of remains is 71m and most remains are located over the altitude of 50 - 90m. The average gradient of hillslop where the remains are located is $6.7^{\circ}$ and the remains (15 places, 71%) are located over the gradient of about $0-15^{\circ}$. And the tendency that the higher the gradient of remains the smaller the number of remains was confirmed. From the above, it is judged that the inhabitants who lived in Daejeon Area at that time preferred hills with comparatively not high altitude and the earth's surface of low gradient and in addition they recognized water (river) as being important when they selected the location of settlement (or dwelling sites group).

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.85-98
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• 2010

The natural hazards such as droughts, floods and frost injuries, and their relationships with the social unrest phenomena such as years of famine, smallpox and revolutions during the Medieval times(AD 936~1391) in Korea are compared and analyzed based on the History of Goryeo containing astronomical weather and climate events during the Goryeo Dynasty. Among the natural hazards during the Goryeo Dynasty, the droughts with a period of 4~5 years on average are recorded most frequently. By time series analysis, the most frequency of droughts can be found in AD 286~335, AD 786~835 and AD 1261~1320 during the Ancient and Medieval times. It is suggested that three cycles of the droughts during approximately 1,500 years of the Ancient and Medieval times are recognized and they had happened with the time intervals of approximately 500 years. The frequency of droughts increased in the late Goryeo Dynasty is consistent with those of the social chaos factors such as years of famines, smallpox and revolutions. These records suggest that the natural hazard such as years of famines was one of the most important factors influencing on the collapse of the Goryeo Dynasty, agrarian country.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.41-56
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• 2011

This study analyzes the change in land-cover based on satellite imagery to draw up land-cover map in the future, and estimates the change in land category using statistical data of the land category. To estimate land category, this study applied the double exponentially smoothing method. The result of the land cover classification according to year using satellite imagery showed that the type with the largest increase in area of land cover change in the cities of Cheonan and Asan was artificial structure, followed by water, grass field and bare land. However forest, paddy, marsh and dry field were reduced. Further, the result of the time-series analysis of the land category was found to be similar to the result of the land cover classification using satellite imagery. Especially, the result of the estimation of the land category change using the double exponentially smoothing method showed that paddy, dry field, forest and marsh are anticipated to consistently decrease in area from 2010 to 2100, whereas artificial structure, water, bare land and grass field are anticipated to consistently increase. Such results can be utilized as basic data to estimate the change in land cover according to climate change in order to prepare climate change response strategies.