• 한국동물학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.103-117
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• 1968

1. 變態時期에 따른 배추흰나비(Pieris rapae)의 血球를 組織化學的方法 및 autoradiographic method 에 의거하여 硏究하였다. 2.幼蟲, 전용 및 용기에서 形態의變化와 細胞內容物을 土臺로 血球細胞를 prohemocyte, plasmatocyte, podocyte, granular hemocyte, spherule cell 및 oenocytoid 의 6型으로 分類했다. 3, 幼蟲基에서 용기까지의 血球를 組織化學的으로 硏究하고 血球細胞內의 蛋白質, 核酸, 多糖類 및 脂質을 檢出하였으며, 成長 및 變態에 따른 그들 物質의 消長을 밝혔다, 4. Granular hemocyte 와 spherule cell 의 大部分의 顆粒은 glycogen, neutral mucopolysaccharide, mucoprotein 으로 되었고 neutral fat와 phospholipid 의 顆粒도 나타났다, 5. 細胞分裂像(mitotic figure) 과 tritium-thymidine 攝取세포 (DNA 合成細胞)를 幼蟲 2齡부터 5齡까지의 各種 未分化血球에서 觀察하였고, 모든型의 血球가 prohemocyte에 起源함을 밝혔다. 6. Plasmatocyte 와 podocyte 의 細胞質突起가 전용기 와 용기에 매우 길게 伸張함을 보아 vermiform cell 은 plasmatocyte 의 더 分化한 型이라고 생각된다.

• 약학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.154-164
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• 1991

These experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of Glycyrrhizae Radix extract(GR) on histamine synthesis, lymphocyte blastogenesis in C57BL/6J mice splenocytes, IL-1 production, $Ca^{2+}$ uptake by macrophage-like P388D$_{1}$ cells and plaque forming cell assay against SRBC. Histamine contents, lymphocyte blastogenesis, IL-1 activity, $Ca^{2+}$ uptake and plaque forming cell were determined by enzyme isotope method, [$^{3}$H]-thymidine incorporation, C3H/HeJ mouse thymocytes proliferation, the addition of 5 $\mu$Ci/ml $^{45}Ca^{2+}$ to P388D$_{1}$ cell suspension and assay to sheep red blood cell, respectively. Cytotoxicity, which was expressed as 50% mortality, was occurred by the addition of GR(10$^{-3}$g/ml). Histamine production in mouse spleen cell culture was significantly increased by 48 hour incubation added 0.25$\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of Con A. Con A-dependent T-lymphocyte proliferation was also enhanced by the addition of 0.25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml of Con A. GR depressed histamine contents at 10$^{-9}$~10$^{-4}$g/ml. and Con A (0.25 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml) dependent T-lymphocyte proliferation at 10$^{-5}$~10$^{-4}$g/ml. IL-1 activity was significantly decreased by 10$^{-8}$~10$^{-4}$g/ml of GR. $Ca^{2+}$ uptake was not changed by GR, but antibody production markedly increased at 10.0~50.0 mg/kg of GR. From the above results, it is suggested that GR have immuno-regulatory action; GR decreased cell-mediated immune response and increased antibody production by B lymphocyte at high doses.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.153-163
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• 1996

Macrophage inflammatory protein $(MIP)-1{\alpha}$ is a cytokine which produces wide range of bioactivities such as proinflammatory, immunomodulatory, and hematopoietic modulatory actions. To determine whether $MIP-1{\alpha}$ acts as a negative regulator on the functions of lymphocyte, $[^3H]$-thymidine incorporation test and flow cytometric analysis were performed by using human tonsil T cell, human peripheral blood T cell, and murine cytolytic T lymphocyte (CTL) line CTLL-2, The results were as follow. 1. When human tonsil T lymphocytes were stimulated with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (mAb), rate of T cell proliferation was about four times increased. 200ng/ml of $MIP-1{\alpha}$ inhibited anti-CD3 mAb-mediated T cell growth as much as 60% (P<0.05). 2. The suppression of human peripheral T cell proliferation produced by $MIP-1{\alpha}$ was dramatic, but variable among T cells derived from different individuals $(40%{\sim}90%)$. 3. $MIP-1{\alpha}$inhibited the proliferation of murine CTL line CTLL-2 as much as 75%(P<0.001). 4. When the $MIP-1{\alpha}$ was added to human peripheral T cell, cell proporation of $CD4^+$ helper T cell and $CD8^+$ CTL were not noticeably affected. The expression level of CD4, not of Cd8, however, was down regulated by $MIP-1{\alpha}$ treatment $(27%{\sim}82%)$.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.65-77
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of Crassirhzimae rhizoma and its possible use as an oral antiseptics for prevention of periodontitis. Its antibacterial activity against periodontopathic microorganisms including Actinobacillus actiomycetem - comitans, Capnocytophaga ochracea, Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Actinomyces viscosus, Fusobacterium nucleatumwas evaluated via modified stab culture method. The cytotoxicity against gingival fibroblasts and rat osteoblasts was investigated via [$^3H$]thymidine incorporation and cellular activity was investigated via MTT assay. Chlorhexidine was used as control group. Crassirhizomae rhizoma was prepared at concentrations of 0.2, 0.15, 0.1, 0.05%. Chlorhexidine was also prepared at the same concentration. Crassirhizomae rhizoma showed lower antimicrobial antivity against these microorganism than chlorhexidine, but this difference was not significant. And, Crassirhzomae rhizoma showed more cellular activity and less cytotoxicity than chlorhexidine on human gingival fibrablast and rat osteoblast. This study suggests that Crassirhzomae rhizoma might be a candidate for a safe oral antiseptic for the prevention and treatment of periodontal disease.

• 약학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.50-52
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• 1959

In order to know contents of vitamin B$_{12}$ in the fermented foods in Korea, the contents of this vitamin are studied on the following foods; kimchies (pickled vegetables) .................. 39 chukkals (fermented and salted sea foods) ...... 8 fermented soy-bean products .................... 5 the kimchies and fermented soybean products studied in this paper, are from individual homes and chukkals are from markets. The content of vitamin B$_{12}$ is estimated by the microbiological assay method using lactobacillus leichmannii ATCC 7830. Details for assay are indicated in the original part of this paper. The pseudo-vitamin B$_{12}$ substances as thymidine which is active to the growth of lactobacillus leichmannii, are eliminated by the alkali treatment method of sample solution. According to the results as indicated in the table, the following conclusions are summerized; 1. Vitamin B$_{12}$ contents of kimchies for winter season are 1.03 to 1.52 mcg% in average. The hobakk-kimchi which contain the highest content of vitamin B$_{12}$ is not popular one among Korean. 2. Chukkals contain much higher content of vitamin B$_{12}$ varying from 0.91 to 11.10mcg%. 3. The soybean fermented foods, as kanjang, denjang, kochojang, contain lower content of vitamine B$_{12}$ varying from 0.08 to 0.52 mcg% containing higher content of pseudo-vitamin. 4. Based on daily consumption of kimchi in winter season by Chai, the consumption of this vitamin through kimchi is about 3 mcgs daily per capita. This will be a quite source of this vitamin for Korean as vitamin C. as vitamin C.

• 약학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.53-55
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• 1959

본 실험에 있어서는 우리가 일상 제일 많이 먹고 있는 발효식품의 1종이고 본보 제8보에 보고한 바와 같이 Vitamin $B_{12}$의 중요한 자원이 되고 있는 침채류가 그 발효기간중 Vitamin $B_{12}$의 함량에 대하여 어떠한 변화를 하고있으며 침채류발효에 있어서 발효에 관여하는 미생물에 의하여 Vitamin $B_{12}$가 새로 생성되는가 혹은 되지않는가를 알기 위하여 본 실험에 착수한 것이다. 그럼으로 본보고에 있어서는 보통방법으로 김치를 담그고 또한 김치를 멸균한 재료로서 무균조작으로 담그므로서 발효를 억제하면 Vitamin $B_{12}$ 함량은 별로 변화하지 않을 것이라고 추상하며 멸균김치를 따로 담거서 이 두 김치의 액부에 대하여 그 발효기간중 Vitamin $B_{12}$의 량적 변화를 조사하여 그 성적을 비교검토하고 이에 보고하는 바이다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.168-178
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• 2014

Objectives : Mahuang-Chuanwu(Mahwang-Cheonoh) Pharmacopuncture(MCP) has been used to treat obesity in Clinical Korean Medicine. MCP solution(MCPS) is also expected to have strong anti-obesity activities. However, little is known about the mechanisms of its inhibitory effects on adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis. Methods : In the present study, we examined the effects of MCPS on differentiation and lipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. To elucidate the mechanism of the effects of MCPS on lowering lipid content in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, we examined whether MCPS modulates the expressions of transcription factors to induce lipogenesis and adipogenic genes related to regulate the accumulation of lipids. Results : Our results showed that MCPS significantly inhibited differentiation and lipogenesis of 3T3-L1 adipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. MCPS suppressed the mRNA expressions of cytidine-cytidine-adenosine-adenosine-thymidine(CCAAT)/enhancer binding proteins ${\alpha}$($C/EBP{\alpha}$), C/EBP ${\beta}$, $C/EBP{\delta}$, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ${\gamma}$($PPAR{\gamma}$) genes related to the induction of adipose differentiation. MCPS inhibited the mRNA expressions of adipose-specific aP2, adipsin, lipoprotein lipase(LPL), CD36, TGF-${\beta}$, and leptin genes related to the fat formation. MCPS downregulated the mRNA expressions of liver X receptor(LXR) ${\alpha}$ and fatty acid synthase(FAS) genes related to the induction of lipogenesis. In addition, MCPS reduced the production of adipocyte-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines. Conclusions : MCPS could regulate the accumulation of lipids and expression of adipogenic genes via inhibition of transcript factors related to induction of adipose differentiation.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1595-1599
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• 2012

혈관 증식 질환에서 세포주기 활성화와 진행은 중요한 치료 목적으로 사용된다. Luteolin는 glycosylated 형태로 샐러리, 후추, 들깨 잎 그리고 카밀레 차에 존재하며 항돌연변이, 항종양, 항산화 그리고 항염증을 나타낸다. 본 연구에서는 흰쥐 동맥으로부터 분리한 혈관평활근세포를 배양하여 소태아혈청으로 유도된 증식에서 luteolin 효과에 대해 조사했다. Luteolin이 5% 소태아혈청으로 유도된 흰쥐의 혈관평활근세포 증식과 DNA 합성을 5, 20 그리고 $50{\mu}M$에서 억제했다. 혈관평활근세포 증식을 각각 29.6, 50.8 그리고 83.1% 억제했고 DNA 합성은 각각 25.8, 57.6 그리고 81.0% 억제했다. 게다가, 유세포분석 결과 소태아혈청으로 유도된 혈관평활근세포의 세포주기는 luteolin에 의해 차단되었다. 이러한 결과는 세포독성에 의해서도 나타날 수 있기 때문에 WST-1 분석으로 세포독성을 확인한 결과 세포독성 없이 세포주기를 차단하는 효과임을 확인했다. 이상의 결과들은 luteolin이 혈관스텐트와 동맥경화의 치료를 위한 의미있는 항증식 물질임을 보여준다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.620-627
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• 2000

To determine the prevalence of genetic polymorphisms in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) strains in the Korean population, the restriction site polymorphisms for BamHI and XhoI enzymes were analyzed with 16 EBV isolates from cancer patients and 7 EBV isolates from healthy carriers, using polymerase chain reaction techniques. None of the 23 isolates were found to carry an extra BamHI site in the BamHI F-fragment (f-variant). Of the 12 type-1 isolates from the cancer patients, 10 lost both the LMP1 XhoI site and the BamHI site between the BamHi W1* and I1* fragments (a W1*I1* fusion variant or type C). The latter W1*I1* fusion variant was due to a mutation of thymidine to adenine, as evidenced by a sequence analysis. The remaining two type-1 isolates showed either no variation at both sites or the loss of only the XhoI site. In contrast, two type-2 isolates and two intertypic recombinants with a type-1 allele at the EBNA2 locus and type-2 alleles at all or some of the EBNA3 loci retained both enzyme sites. In similar analyses of the 7 isolates from the healthy carriers, five of six type-1 isolates lost these two sites, however, one type-2 isolate did not. These results clearly indicate a strong association of both the LMP1 XhoI site loss and the W1*I1* fusion variant with the type-1 rather than the type-2 EBV strains circulating in the immunocompetent Korean carriers.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.106-113
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• 2009

Background: We previously demonstrated remarkable differences in the expression of IL-8/CXCL8 in aortic tissues and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) compared to VSMC from normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY). In the present study, we investigated the direct effect of IL-8/CXCL8 on expression of 12-lipoxygenase (LO), a hypertensive modulator, in SHR VSMC. Methods: Cultured aortic VSMC from SHR and WKY were used. Expression of 12-LO mRNA was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Phosphorlyation of ERK1/2 and production of 12-LO and angiotensin II subtype 1 ($AT_1$) receptor were assessed by Western blots. IL-8/CXCL8-stimulated DNA synthesis was determined by measuring incorporation of [$^3H$]-thymidine. And effect of IL-8/CXCL8 on vascular tone was determined by phenylephrine-induced contraction of thoracic aortic rings. Results: Treatment with IL-8/CXCL8 greatly increased 12-LO mRNA expression and protein production compared to treatment with angiotensin II. IL-8/CXCL8 also increased the expression of the $AT_1$ receptor. The increase in 12-LO induced by IL-8/CXCL8 was inhibited by treatment with an $AT_1$ receptor antagonist. The induction of 12-LO mRNA production and the proliferation of SHR VSMC by IL-8/CXCL8 was mediated by the ERK pathway. The proliferation of SHR VSMC and the vascular contraction in the thoracic aortic ring, both of which were induced by IL-8/CXCL8, were inhibited by baicalein, a 12-LO inhibitor. Conclusion: These results suggest that the potential role of IL-8/CXCL8 in hypertensive processes is likely mediated through the 12-LO pathway.