• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-23
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• 2021

This study introduces novel research using Practice Context Models supported by Knowledge Networks and Percolation Theory with the aim to contribute to knowledge management in Proof-of-Concept (PoC) activities. The authors envision this proposal as a potential instrument to identify network structures based on a percolation (propagation) threshold and to analyze the importance of nodes (e.g., practitioners, practices, competencies, movements, and scenarios) during the percolation of knowledge in PoC activities. After thirty months immersed in the natural PoC habitat, acting as observers and practitioners, and supported by an ethnographic exercise and a designer-research mindset, the authors identified the production of meaning in PoC activities occurring in a hermeneutic circle characterized by the presence of several knowledge networks; thus, discovering the 'natural knowledge' in PoC as a spectrum of cognitive development spread throughout its network, as each node could produce and disseminate certain knowledge that flows and influences other nodes. Therefore, this research presents the use of Practice Context Models 'connected' to Knowledge Networks and Percolation Theory as a potential and feasible proposal to be built using the attribution of values (weights) to the nodes (e.g., practitioners, practices, competencies, movements, scenarios, and also knowledge) in the context of PoC with the aim to allow the players (e.g., PoC practitioners) to have more flexibility in building alliances with other players (new nodes); that is, focusing on those nodes with higher value (focus on quality) in collaboration networks, i.e., alliances (connections) with the aim to contribute to knowledge management in the context of PoC.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.125-144
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• 2022

VMS (variable message signs) 시스템이 악의적인 공격에 노출되어 교통안전과 관련된 거짓 정보를 출력하게 된다면 운전자에게 심각한 위험을 초래할 수 있다. 이러한 경우를 방지하기 위해 VMS 시스템에 사용되는 메시지들을 수집하여 평상시의 패턴을 학습한다면 VMS 시스템에 출력될 수 있는 이상 메시지를 빠르게 감지하고 이에 대한 대응을 할 수 있을 것이다. 본 논문에서는 양방향 GPT (generative pre-trained transformer) 모델을 이용하여 VMS 메시지의 평상 시 패턴을 학습한 후 이상 메시지를 탐지하는 기법을 제안한다. 구체적으로, 제안된 기법에 VMS 메시지 및 시스템 파라미터를 입력 하고 이에 대한 NLL (negative log likelihood) 값을 최소화하도록 학습한다. 학습이 완료되면 판정해야 할 대상의 NLL 값을 계산한 후, 문턱치 값 이상일 경우 이를 이상으로 판정한다. 실험 결과를 통해, 공격에 의한 악의적인 메시지 탐지뿐만 아니라 시스템의 오류가 발생하는 상황에 대한 탐지도 가능함을 보였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제25권12호
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• pp.1853-1858
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• 2021

오링은 기계 부품들 사이에서 틈을 메워주는 역할을 한다. 지금까지 불량품 선별은 육안 및 수작업으로 수행하여 분류 오류가 자주 발생한다. 따라서 사람의 개입이 없는 카메라 기반의 불량품 분류 시스템이 필요하다. 그러나 카메라 입력 영상에서 배경으로부터 필요 영역을 분리하기 위해 이진화 과정이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 주변 조명의 변화나 반사 등의 요인으로 인해 단일 임계값 이진화를 적용하기 어려워, 주변 화소 값을 함께 고려한 적응형 이진화 기법을 적용한다. 또한 누락되는 화소 부분을 보완하기 위해 컨벡스 헐 기법도 함께 적용한다. 그리고 분리된 영역에 적용할 학습 모델은 불량 특성이 비선형인 경우에 유리한 잔류 오차 기반의 심층학습 신경망 모델을 적용한다. 실험을 통해 제안하는 시스템이 오링의 불량 판별 자동화에 적용 가능하다는 것을 제시한다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제64권12호
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• pp.652-660
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• 2021

Background: Viral load and shedding duration are highly associated with the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. However, limited studies have reported on viral load or shedding in children and adolescents infected with sudden acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the natural course of viral load in asymptomatic or mild pediatric cases. Methods: Thirty-one children (<18 years) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were hospitalized and enrolled in this study. Viral loads were evaluated in nasopharyngeal swab samples using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (E, RdRp, N genes). cycle threshold (Ct) values were measured when patients met the clinical criteria to be released from quarantine. Results: The mean age of the patients was 9.8 years, 18 (58%) had mild disease, and 13 (42%) were asymptomatic. Most children were infected by adult family members, most commonly by their mothers. The most common symptoms were fever and sputum (26%), followed by cough and runny nose. Nine patients (29%) had a high or intermediate viral load (Ct value≤30) when they had no clinical symptoms. Viral load showed no difference between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Viral rebounds were found in 15 cases (48%), which contributed to prolonged viral detection. The mean duration of viral detection was 25.6 days. Viral loads were significantly lower in patients with viral rebounds than in those with no rebound (E, P=0.003; RdRp, P=0.01; N, P=0.02). Conclusion: Our study showed that many pediatric patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experienced viral rebound and showed viral detection for more than 3 weeks. Further studies are needed to investigate the relationship between viral rebound and infectiousness in COVID-19.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2022

Background: This study investigated the effects of Kinesio taping application on lower back pressure pain and balance ability among university students with chronic lower back pain. Methods: A total of thirty university students between 20 to 30 years of age with chronic lower back pain were divided randomly into two groups, the control and the experimental group. In the control group (n=15), placebo taping was applied to the lumbar region. In the experimental group (n=15), Kinesio taping was applied to the erector spine muscles of the lower back. The groups were assessed for lower back pressure pain and balance ability, before and after the taping application. Pain was measured by the pain pressure threshold (PPT), and balance was measured using the good balance system (GBS). Results: There were significant improvements in both the PPT and GBS of the Kinesio taping group compared to pre-treatment values (p<.05), while the placebo taping group showed no significant change (p>.05). In addition, the Kinesio taping group had a statistically significant difference in PPT and GBS compared to the placebo taping group (p<.05). Conclusion: The Kinesio taping application is more effective than the placebo taping application in the improvement of lower back pressure pain and balance ability among university students with chronic lower back pain.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.351-357
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• 2022

Purpose: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have rapidly emerged as one of the most promising artificial intelligence methods in the field of medical and dental research. CNNs can provide an effective diagnostic methodology allowing for the detection of early-staged diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the performance of a deep CNN algorithm for apical lesion segmentation from panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods: A total of 1000 panoramic images showing apical lesions were separated into training (n=800, 80%), validation (n=100, 10%), and test (n=100, 10%) datasets. The performance of identifying apical lesions was evaluated by calculating the precision, recall, and F1-score. Results: In the test group of 180 apical lesions, 147 lesions were segmented from panoramic radiographs with an intersection over union (IoU) threshold of 0.3. The F1-score values, as a measure of performance, were 0.828, 0.815, and 0.742, respectively, with IoU thresholds of 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5. Conclusion: This study showed the potential utility of a deep learning-guided approach for the segmentation of apical lesions. The deep CNN algorithm using U-Net demonstrated considerably high performance in detecting apical lesions.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제26권12호
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• pp.1759-1768
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• 2022

본 논문은 AI Hub에서 제공하는 웰니스 대화 스크립트, 주제별 일상 대화 데이터세트와 Github에 공개된 챗봇 데이터세트를 활용하여 사용자의 발화에서 우울 관련 감정을 탐지하는 모델을 제안한다. 우울 관련 감정에는 우울감, 무기력을 비롯한 18가지 감정이 존재하며, 언어 모델에서 높은 성능을 보이는 KoBERT와 KoELECTRA 모델을 사용하여 감정 분류 작업을 수행한다. 모델별 성능 비교를 위해 우리는 데이터세트를 다양하게 구축하고, 좋은 성능을 보이는 모델에 대해 배치 크기와 학습률을 조정하면서 분류 결과를 비교한다. 더 나아가, 사람은 동시에 여러 감정을 느끼는 것을 반영하기 위해, 모델의 출력값이 특정 임계치보다 높은 레이블들을 모두 정답으로 선정함으로써, 다중 분류 작업을 수행한다. 이러한 과정을 통해 도출한 성능이 가장 좋은 모델을 Depression model이라 부르며, 이후 사용자 발화에 대해 우울 관련 감정을 분류할 때 해당 모델을 사용한다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.753-759
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• 2023

The genus Paenibacillus contains a variety of biologically active compounds that have potential applications in a range of fields, including medicine, agriculture, and livestock, playing an important role in the health and economy of society. Our study focused on the bacterium SS4^T (KCTC 43402^T = GDMCC 1.3498^T), which was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. This strain was analyzed using antiSMASH, BAGEL4, and PRISM to predict the secondary metabolites. Lassopeptide clusters were found using all three analysis methods, with the possibility of secretion. Additionally, PRISM found three biosynthetic gene clusters (BGC) and predicted the structure of the product. Genome analysis indicated that glucoamylase is present in SS4^T. 16S rRNA sequence analysis showed that strain SS4^T most closely resembled Paenibacillus marchantiophytorum DSM 29850^T (98.22%), Paenibacillus nebraskensis JJ-59^T (98.19%), and Paenibacillus aceris KCTC 13870^T (98.08%). Analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences and Type Strain Genome Server (TYGS) analysis revealed that SS4^T belongs to the genus Paenibacillus based on the results of the phylogenetic analysis. As a result of the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/MS) results, SS4^T was determined to belong to the genus Paenibacillus. Comparing P. marchantiophytorum DSM 29850^T with average nucleotide identity (ANI 78.97%) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH 23%) revealed values that were all less than the threshold for bacterial species differentiation. The results of this study suggest that strain SS4^T can be classified as a Paenibacillus andongensis species and is a novel member of the genus Paenibacillus.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권9호
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• pp.1414-1425
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• 2023

Objective: Long chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) exert positive effects on human health. The long chain n-3 PUFA of pork can be increased by adding fish oil to the diet. Due to the cost and availability of fish oil an alternative source must be found. Methods: This study evaluated the effect of five dietary oils on meat quality, fatty acid composition and lipid stability. The five diets contained 1% palm oil (Control), 1% soya oil, 1% linseed oil, 1% fish oil, and 1% Echium oil, respectively. The trial consisted of 60 gilts, randomly allocated to five groups. Results: All color parameters, extractable fat content, fat free dry matter, and moisture content of the m. longissimus muscle were unaffected by dietary treatment. Consumers and a trained sensory panel could not detect a difference between the control samples and the Echium oil sample during sensory analysis. Samples containing higher levels of PUFA (soya, linseed, fish, and Echium oil) had higher levels of primary and secondary lipid oxidation products after refrigerated and frozen storage. However, these values were still well below the threshold value where off flavors can be detected. The Echium oil treatment had significantly higher levels of long chain PUFA than the linseed oil treatment, but it was still significantly lower than that of the fish oil treatment. Conclusion: Echium oil supplementation did not increase the levels of n-3 to the same extent as fish oil did. The result did however suggest that Echium oil can be used in pig diets to improve muscle long chain n-3 fatty acid content without any adverse effects on meat quality when compared to linseed, soya, and palm oil.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.261-275
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• 2022

BACKGROUND: Prior to implementing a positive list system (PLS), there is a need to establish acceptable daily intake (ADI) and maximum residue limit (MRL) for veterinary drugs that have been approved a few decades ago in South Korea. On top of that, chronic dietary exposure assessment of veterinary drug residues should be performed to determine whether the use of these veterinary drugs would cause health concerns or not. METHODS AND RESULTS: To establish the ADI, the relevant toxicological data were collected from evaluation reports issued by international organizations. A slightly modified global estimate of chronic dietary exposure (GECDE) model was employed in the exposure assessment owing to the limited residual data. Therefore, only the ADI of ephedrine was established due to insufficient data for the other veterinary drugs. Thus, instead of ADI, the threshold of toxicological concern (TTC) value was used for the other drugs. Lastly, the hazard index (HI) was calculated, except for etizazole hydrochloride, due to the potential of mutagenicity. CONCLUSION(S): The HI values of ephedrine, menichlopholan, and anacolin were found to be as high as 6.4%, suggesting that chronic dietary exposure to the residues from these uses was unlikely to be a public health concern. Further research for exposure assessment of veterinary drug residues should be performed using up-todate Korean national health and nutrition examination survey (KNHANES) food consumption data. In addition, all relevant available data sources should be utilized for identifying the potentials of toxicity.