• Title/Summary/Keyword: three dog days

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Effect of extraction socket granulation tissue graft on the regeneration of horizontal furcation defect (발치와의 육아조직 이식이 치근이개 결손부의 재생에 미치는 영향)

  • Oh, Mok-Hoon;Han, Soo-Boo;Son, Sung-Heui;Yang, Seung-Min;Ko, Jae-Seung
    • Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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    • v.26 no.3
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    • pp.735-751
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    • 1996
  • An ultimate goal of periodontal therapy is to stop the disease process and to regenerate a functionally-oriented periodontium destroyed as a result of periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of grafting granulation tissue obtained from extraction socket on the regeneration of horizontal furcation defect. Six dogs were used in this study. All mandibular first and third premolars were extracted. At 2, 3, and 5 days after extraction, tissues were obtained from extraction socket of 1 mongrel dog and examined by light microscope. Granulation tissue obtained at 5 days after extraction was chosen as the graft material. Five days later, horizontal furcation defects were created surgically at mandibular second and fourth premolars in the right and left side of the 5 beagle dogs. The entrance area of the artificially prepared "key hole" defects were about $3\;4mm^2$. By random selections, 2 exposed furcation defects were grafted with granulation tissue obtained from extraction socket as experimental group and 1 furcation defect was as control. The flaps were replaced to their original position and sutured with 4-0 chromic cat-gut. Three dogs were sacrificed 4 weeks and two dogs 8 weeks after surgery, and the prepared specimens were examined by light microscope. At 4 weeks, furcations were filled with epithelial lining and fibrous connective tissue infiltrated with chronic inflammatory cells. New bone formation was observed in all groups. Only experimental group showed new cementum formation. At 8 weeks, new cementum, functional arrangement of new PDL fiber, root resorption, and some ankylotic union of newly formed alveolar bone and root surface were observed in all groups. Experimental group showed that epithelial downgrowth was inhibited and new bone formation was more active compared to control. The success rate of the furcation defect healing was higher in experimental group than control. These results suggested that grafting of granulation tissue obtained from extraction socket which combined with reconstructive periodontal flap surgery may promote periodontal regeneration of horizontal furcation defect.

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THE BONE CHANGES OF THE MIDPALATAL SUTURE AFTER RAPID PALATAL EXPANSION IN YOUNG ADULT DOGS (유성견에서 상악골 급속확장 후 정중구개봉합부에서의 골조직 변화)

  • Park, Chang-Wook;Yoon, Young-Jooh;Kim, Kwang-Won
    • The korean journal of orthodontics
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    • v.27 no.3 s.62
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    • pp.391-399
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    • 1997
  • Rapid palatal expansion(RPE) is a method of inducing the new bone formation in the palate by separation of the midpalatal suture, which can be done conveniently by placing heavy force across the maxillary dental arch. This experiment was undertaken to examine the histologic changes after RPE and during retention period. Four young adult dogs(a control dog, three experimental dogs) aged 4 to 6 months old were used for this experiment. Expansion screw($Hyrax^{\circledR}$, Dentarum Inc.) was delevered to the palate and fumed 180 degrees every morning and evening for 8 days, giving a total expansion of 7.2mm. A control dog was sacrified at the starting point of this study without any treatment and three experimental dogs were sacrified after RPE, 14-day retention, and 28-day retention in each. Thereafter, those samples were observed with hematoxylin-eosin(H-E) stain, ground section(Villanueva stain), alkaline phosphatase(ALP) stain, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRA) stain. The results were as followings: 1. After RPE, collagen fiber bundles were stretched along the midpalatal suture and few osteoblasts were flattened-inactive state and also, a little osteoid tissues was observed. Few multinucleated osteoclasts which had TRAP-positive activity in their cytoplasm were seen in horizontal section, whereas a few osteoclasts were seen in frontal section, especially in the nasal floor side of palatal bone. 2. After 14-day retention, collagen fiber bundles were stretched along the midpalatal suture and few osteoblasts which had ALP-positive activity in their cytoplasm were seen. Few multinucleated osteoclasts which had TRAP-positive activity in their cytoplasm were seen in horizontal section, whereas a few osteoclasts were seen in frontal section, especially in the nasal floor side of palatal bone. 3. After 28-day retention, collagen fiber bundles were arranged like those of control dog and osteoblasts which showed a lot of immature bone formation were cuboidal shape and exhibited ALP-positive activity in their cytoplasm. Few multinucleated osteoclasts which had TRAP-positive activity in their cytoplasm were seen in horizontal section, whereas a few osteoclasts were seen in frontal section, especially in the nasal floor side of palatal bone. According to the above results, the new bone formation after rapid palatal expansion was examined after 14-day retention and significantly increased after 28-day retention.

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Effect of Mixing Mealworm Pellets with Canine Diets on Protein Digestibility and Fecal Properties in Companion Canine (밀웜 펠렛과 반려견 사료의 혼합급여가 반려견의 단백질 소화율과 분변성상에 미치는 영향)

  • Gyeong-Min Kim;Yeon-Woo Jeong
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.32 no.12
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    • pp.991-994
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    • 2023
  • This study aimed to investigate the effects of feeding mealworm pellets on protein digestibility and fecal composition of companion canines. The canine breeds used in the specification test were Maltese (average weight 2.0 kg) and Poodle (average weight 2.5 kg), with a total of six canines, three of each breed, without discriminating between males or females. The control feed for the two canines was based on 100 g of commercially available general feed, to which the dogs were allowed to adapt for approximately 3 d. Ony on Day 0 of the experiments, dogs were fed twice, in the morning and afternoon. One day later, the treated group was 80 g of regular feed with 20 g of mealworm pellets added, and the dog was fed for 1 to 7 d in the same manner as the control group. The addition of mealworm pellets increased the protein digestibility in both canine breeds, however, the differences were no significances (p>0.05). Based on the normal stool score of 3, no remarkable changes were observed in stool score from Days 1 to 6, showing that the canines had adapted to the mealworm pellet feed. In particular, on Day 7, feeding mealworm pellet appeared to affect the fecal properties differently between the two breeds. This difference can be owing to differences in the intestinal environment and digestion and absorption ability between the two breeds. Consequently, using mealworm pellets improved the protein digestibility of canines as well as maintained normal fecal properties.

Beneficial Effect of Feeding Hermetia illucens Pellets with Canine Diet on Stool Score and Digestibility of Each Canine Breed (동애등에 펠렛 사료와 혼합급여시 반려견 품종별 분변성상과 소화율에 미치는 영향)

  • Gyeong-Min Kim;Yeon-Woo Jeong
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.32 no.12
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    • pp.995-998
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    • 2023
  • This study aimed to determine the effect of feeding Hermetia illucens (H.illucens) pellets with canine diets on fecal properties and digestibility. The canine breeds used in this experiment were nine dogs without discriminating between genders: 3 Maltese (average weight 2.0 kg), 3 Chihuahua (average weight 1.0 kg), and 3 Poodles (average weight 2.5 kg). As canine diets, 70 g of regular diets were mixed with 30 g of H.illucens pellets, and 100 g was weighed on a scale. Dog were fed the experimental diets once a day. No significant changes were observed in the fecal properties in the three types of canines fed a mixture of pellets and canine diets at Days 0 and 7 (p>0.05). At Day 0, the fecal properties of all canines appeared in a less solid state, with scores ranging from 2.00 to 2.22; however, at Day 7, the fecal properties improved to normal (3.00 to 3.33). In addition, the results for nutrient digestibility showed that dry matter and crude fat digestibility were significant (p<0.05); however, crude protein and crude ash digestibility were not affected (p>0.05). In conclusion, these results suggest that feeding a mixture of H.illucens pellets and canine diets to companion canines has beneficial effects on fecal properties and digestibility without adverse effect.

Endoscopic Retrieval of Esophageal Fishhooks Using Cerclage Wire: A Case Report (내시경과 Cerclage Wire를 이용한 식도내 낚시바늘 제거: 증례보고)

  • Kim, Young-Ki;Uhm, Mi-Young;Seo, Eu-Gene;Ha, Mi-Hyun;Wang, Ji-Hwan;Jeong, In-Jo;Chang, Hong-Hee;Lee, Hee-Chun;Cho, Kyu-Woan;Lee, Hyo-Jong;Yeon, Seong-Chan
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.24 no.4
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    • pp.622-626
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    • 2007
  • A 1.6-year-old, intact male beagle dog was presented with three day history of odynophagia and anorexia. According to the history and radiographic findings, the patient was diagnosed with esophageal and gastric foreign body due to ingesting fishhooks. Gastroesophagoscopy revealed that one fishhook located in the thoracic esophagus cranial to the heart base and the other located in the cardia region were connected with a single fishing line. Gastrotomy was performed to remove the fishhook in the cardia region and to sever the connecting fishing line. After gastrotomy, endoscopic attempts to remove the esophageal fishhook with a three, five pronged endoscopic grasping forceps, and a biopsy were unsuccessful because the fishhook was embedded deeply in the mucosa membrane. A handmade cerclage wire(16G) shaped like a snare forceps was advanced into the esophagus while visualizing the fishhook endoscopically. The cerclage wire was used to hang and retract the foreign body. The fishhook was retracted orally, resulting in successful removal. Ten days after the operation, the patient fully recovered and was discharged.

Evaluation of Left Ventricular Assist Device through In Vivo Experiments (생체실험을 통한 좌심실보조기의 평가)

  • Park, Seong-Keun;Won, Yong-Soon;Jung, Pil-Sup;Choi, Jin-Wook;Kim, In-Young;Lee, Kyu-Baek;Min, Byoung-Goo
    • Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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    • v.1993 no.11
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    • pp.89-92
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    • 1993
  • In this article, we present and analyze the results of the three consecutive in vivo experiments of the LVAD to evaluate the function of the LVAD and the adverse effects on living animals. We applied the LVAD consecutively to three mongrel dogs and the circulation of the blood was assisted under the anesthesia. We used in general both the asynchronous mode and the synchronous mode to drive the LVAD. During the experiments we monitored the dogs with a polygraph to evaluate the function of the LVAD and the additional effects on the natural hearts. We also examined several clinical pathologic tests in order to see the effects of the LVAD to the red blood cells and the other internal organs. The dogs survived for two to there days. The LVAD assisted the circulatory system at the maximum assist flow rate of 3.0 1/min. Although the red blood cells of the dogs had mechanical damages by the LVAD to result in the hemolysis, the degree of the hemolysis was not so high and the damages caused by the hemolysis on the dogs were not serious. The myocardium of the first dog was gradually worsened and eventually failed. The damage of the myocardium was due to the asynchronous driving mode of the LVAD. The other organs did not have serious damages due to the application of the LVAD. The main purpose of this paper is to evaluate the results of the in vivo experiments of the LVAD and to find better ways to the application of the LVAD to human beings.

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Subacute toxicity of cis-Malonato[(4R,5R)-4,5-bis(aminomethyl)-2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane]platinum(II)(SKI 2053R) in Beagle Dogs (Beagle Dog에서 cis-Malonato[(4R,5R)-4,5-bis(aminomethyl)-2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane]platinum(II)(SKI 2053R)의 아급성독성시험에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Yong-Soon;Kang, Kyung-Sun;Shin, Dong-Jin;Cho, Jae-Jin;Kim, Hyoung-Ook;Kim, Bae-Hwan;Lim, Yoon-Kyu
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.235-253
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    • 1992
  • A subacute toxicity study of cis-Malonato[(4R,5R)-4,5-bis(aminomethyl)-2-isopropyl-1,3-dioxolane]platinum(II)(SKI 2053R) was carried out to obtain information on its toxicological profiles, and to determine the maximum tolerated dose in beagle dogs. Four groups of beagle dogs (2M and 2F per group, 0,0.5,1.0,2.0mg/kg/day)were given 15 i.v. injections of SKI 2053R. In order to compare the toxic effects of SKI 2053R with those of cisplatin, one group was treated with cisplatin(0.7mg/kg/day)according to the same treatment schedule. The dosing schedule was divided into 3 courses of 5 consecutive days with 23-day dose-free intervals between each course. After completion of the treatments, remaining dogs were necropsied under established guidelines. Three of four dogs in the high dose group and one of four dogs in the middle dose group treated with SKI 2053R died of hypovolemic shock secondary to hemorrhagic and ulcerative enterocolitis. No toxicity-related mortality occurred in the low dose group of SKI 2053R. No survivor was observed in the group of cisplatin. Clinical signs including vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia and loss body weight were apparent in dogs given either cisplatin or high and middle doses of SKI 2053R. Severe thrombocytopenia and leukocytopenia were observed in the high dose group of SKI 2053R and cisplatin-treatment group, while toxicities as bone marrow suppression were reversible. The significant elevation of serum ALP values in group of SKI 2053R(2.0 mg/kg/day and 1.0mg/kg/day) and cisplatin(0.7mg/kg/day)was observed. Slight proteinuria waa observed in high and middle dose level groups of SKI 2053R. In histopathological examinations, pathological alterations of liver, kidney and spleen were noted dose-dependantly in dogs treated with SKI 2053R, and there was no overt sign of toxicity in low dose group of SKI 2053R. Compared to SKI 2053R, more severe durg-related toxicities occurred in dogs treated with cisplatin. It waw estimated that maximum tolerated dose of SKI 2053R in this treatment schedule was 0.5~0.7mg/kg/day. In conclusion, overall toxic potential of SKI 2053R was approximately 3 times lower than that of cisplatin with respect of lethality.

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Exploratory Arthroscopic Treatment to Diagnose and Treat Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Shoulder Joint in a Dog (개의 어깨 관절에서 박리성 골연골염의 진단과 치료를 위한 탐색적 관절내시경의 적용)

  • Kim, Choong-Sup;Lee, Hae-Beom;Choi, Ul Soo
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.146-149
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    • 2013
  • A 6-month-old, intact male Great Pyrenees (35 kg) was referred with 2 weeks continuous left forelimb lameness to the Chonbuk Animal Medical Center, College of Veterinary medicine, Chonbuk National University. The lameness became worse three days before being referred to the hospital. Upon the physical examination, the patient had pain when the left shoulder joint was palpated, and the lameness was visible in the left forelimb during ambulation on gait examination. There were no remarkable findings on radiological and neurological examination. Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) was suspected based on medical history and gait tests. As a definitive diagnosis could not be made, exploratory arthroscopic surgery was performed to examine the inside of the shoulder joint. During the operation, mild bicipital tenosynovitis, synovitis and OCD which was located on the caudal medial area of humeral head were revealed. Arthroscopic procedures were used for the treating OCD, including the removal of the OCD flap and debriding of the subchondral defect until hemorrhaging by use of an electrical burr. The patient was discharged a day after surgery. After 2 weeks, the patient again presented at the hospital due to complications, including inflammation of the surgical lesion because of licking and seroma within the subcutaneous tissue. Antibiotics were administered and an aseptic bandage was applied. And simple surgical operations were performed for the removal of the cyst and seroma. Eleven weeks following arthroscopy, the lameness was completely resolved. Arthroscopy has the advantage of allowing gross examination inside the joint capsule. Due to this advantage, arthroscopy is one of the best advanced options for diagnosis in dogs with undiagnosed joint pain.

A Study on the Cooking in 'The Kosa-sibi Jip' (2) ("고사십이집(攷事十二集)"의 조리가공에 관한 분석적 연구(2))

  • 김성미
    • Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.1-19
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    • 1994
  • In this paper, twenty-five kinds of food presented in Sooljip(戌集) 5 and 6 of Food collections of 'Kosa-sibi Jip(攷事十二集)' have been classified into four : Staple food, subsidiary food, Tuck(rice cake) and Han-gwa(Korean confectionery), and Tang-jng and tea. Cooking processes have been examined and scientifically analyzed in terms of cooking, Fourteen kinds of Jook (thick gruel with cereal) as well as Urak-Jook were presented among the methods of making Jook, one of staple foods. Milk and ground rice were boiled together into Urak-Jook, which was nutritious because of carbohydrate, added to milk. Hong-sa Myun was mode of ground shrimps, ground bean, ground rice and flour which were kneaded together. It was a nutritiously balanced food. Nineteen kinds of Kimchi presented in this book were classified by the recipes. The five of Jook-soon Ja, U-so Ja, Tam-bok Ja and Jo-gang were made by adding red malt and cereals(boiled rice or candies). Jo-gang, Jo-ga and Jo-gwa-chae were made by adding salt and rice wine. With salt and fermenters added, eight were made. Chim-jup-jeo-ga was made by adding Jang(soy-bean sauce) and the inner chaff of wheat instead of salt. The four of Ka-za-san, Hwang-gwa-san, Tong-gwa-san and Jo-gang were made by adding salt and vinegar. Jo-gang was made by adding salt, rice wine, residue of rice wine and candies. The four of Kae-mal-ga, Ku-cho-chim-chae, Un-gu-hwa and Suk-hwa-chim-chim-chae were made by adding salt and spices. San-got-Kimchi was made without salt. San-got-Kimchi and Suk-hwa-chim-chae were made originally in Korea. Suk-hwa-chim-chae, in particular, was first classified as a kind of Kimchi in this book and oysters were added, which is notable. Pork could be preserved longer when smoked oven the weak fire of thatch ten days and nights. Dog meat was sauced and placed on the bones in a pot. A porcelain was put on the top of the pot. Flour paste sealed the gap between the porcelain and the pot. Some water was poured into the porcelain, and the meat was steamed, with two or three thatched sacks burned, which was a distilled dry steaming. This process has been in use up to now. Various cooking methods of chicken were presented from in Umsik-dimi-bang to in Chosun Musang Sinsik Yori Jebup. These methods were ever present regardless of ages. Such measuring units as Guin(斤) and Nyang(兩) were most frequently used in cooking processes of this book, except in case of Jang(soy bean sauce), vinegar and liquor. Twenty eight kinds of kitchenware and cookers were used, of which porcelains wee most used and pans and sieves followed. The scientific eight cooking methods were as follows. First, salt was refined through saturated solution. Next, it was recommended Hong-sa Myun containing shrimps should not be taken along with pork, which is thought to be a proper diet in terms of cholesterol contained by shrimps and pork. Third, meat was coated with thin gruel and quickly roasted and cleared of the dried gruel membrane, which prevented nutrients from exuding and helped to make the meat well-done. Fourth, The fruit of paper mulberry trees has the protease which can soften meat. Therefore when meat was boiled with th fruit of paper mulberry trees, it can be softened easily. Fifth, pork was smoked over the weak fire of thatch. Sixth, in cooking dog meat, distilled dry steaming raised the boiling point and made it possible to preserve meat longer. Seventh, in boiling the sole of a bear, lime was added, which made meat tender by making the pH lower or higher than that of raw meat. Finally, in boiling down rice gluten, a porcelain in the pot prevented boiling over the brim, which is applied to pots in which to boil medical herbs.

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Characteristics of $Malassezia$ $pachydermatis$ Isolated from Dogs and Antifungal Effect of Essential Oils (개에서 분리된 $Malassezia$ $pachydermatis$의 특성과 Essential Oil의 항진균 효과)

  • Kim, Joo-Yeon;Olivry, Thierry;Son, Won-Geun
    • Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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    • v.29 no.2
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    • pp.141-147
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    • 2012
  • This work describes the characteristics of $Malassezia$ $pachydermatis$ isolated from dog ear canals and the effect of essential oils on the growth of this organism. Sterile cotton swabs were used to collect specimens from the external ear canal and culture tests were performed to detect the population size of $Malassezia$ yeast. Using three different isolation media, included Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) to isolate common $M.$ $pachydermatis$, and SDA supplemented with olive oil (SDAO) and Leeming's medium (LM) to detect lipophilic yeast, $Malassezia$ spp were isolated from 14 of 18 dogs (77.8%); isolation rates were 33.3% in SDA, 72.2% in SDAO and 66.7% in LM media. All $Malassezia$ spp isolates were identified as $M.$ $pachydermatis$ according to results of PCR amplification, but gross colony morphology and SDA growth rates suggested four different subtypes. Large (LC) and medium colony (MC) types respectively describe large colony (diameter > 3 mm) and medium colony (around 2 mm) after 72 hour incubation, and small (SC) type refers to smaller colony (< 1 mm) even after 5 days incubation; lipid dependent colonies did not grow onto SDA. Large Colony type strains were isolated from 4, 11, and 11 samples, MC type strains from 2, 3 and 1 and SC type strains from 1, 2 and 1 in SDA, SDAO and LM, respectively. Lipid-dependent $M.$ $pachydermatis$ (Lipo) were isolated from 3 samples each in SDAO and LM. Anti-$M.$ $pachydermatis$ activity testing was done using disc-diffusion assays and well diffusion tests. Most essential oils inhibited the growth of $M.$ $pachydermatis$ in a range from 0.5% to 1.0% of essential oils. MIC90 and MIC50 were variable depending upon the nature of essential oils. Thyme oil was found to be highly effective in inhibiting the growth of $M.$ $pachydermatis$ in a range from 0.125% to 0.0625% while marjoram and then tea tree oil exhibited lower inhibitory capacity.