• 영미문화
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.51-78
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• 2018

To put it simply, thing theory is a study of meaningful capacities of materiality. Although T. S. Eliot regarded pathetic fallacy as the bad example of objective correlatives in his modernism poetry theory, it is clear that many objects in literary works reflect diverse human desires. Among many, Victorian sensation novels are the most distinct genre where the various paraphernalia in them indicate the distorted and exaggerated greed of the industrial revolution era. Whereas the male protagonists are usually related with the norms objects of authority such as portrait and locket, the female characters' connection with cosmetics and white dress shows their oppressed and fragile position in the patriarchal and hierarchical society. In the (post)modern society, the ambiguity of things has grown rapidly due to the increasing discrepancy between objects and things. In special, the new journalism and the psychological realism novels often reveal the post-truth phenomenon because consumerized audience depend more upon the attraction and affect than the mere evidence and facts. For the individual, according to object relations theory, these alternative facts are rather internalized into their mind as the internal object when they are motivated by the non/contact with primary caregivers in their childhood. The dominant material imagery in (post)modern fiction becomes the site of resistance because of their reconstructed and extended meaning. The object relations theory and thing theory can be effectively used to uncover the complicated meanings of desired objects by using the human-object's meaningful relations and early mental images that are secretly alive still in the present.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2009

Seonya theory(宣夜說) was one of the most important metagalaxy model in the ancient times. Unlike the other important metagalaxy model, it had the concept that the sky is not in the solid state but is just the infinite space which is full of gi(氣). But Seonya theory, though it had partially the superb academic thought, it had gradually become the forgotten thing among scholars in the ancient times. Since then, once forgotten Seonya theory was reconstructed again in Song(宋) dynasty, and Jangjae(張載) did the main role at that time. In the historical sequence like this, we need to take notice of one thing that "Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)" had worked on Jangjae as the origin of his sunya theory. So we also need to take notice of one thing that "Hwangjenaegyeong" is just a rare document that comprises the academic thought of Seonya theory which had once been forgotten in ancient times. Based on the historical situation like this, this study is focused on the idea that the discuss on the Jangjae's Seonya theory would be a good way to think of the cosmic theory of "Hwangjenaegyeong" and the theoretical thought derived from them. So this study will first look into the academic characteristics of Seonya theory of ancient times and of "Hwangjenaegyeong" and through the study on the academic characteristics of Jangjae(張載)'s Seonya theory, will also think of the significance of the thought of Jangjae's Seonya theory that would be some help to the research on "Hwangjenaegyeong".

• 한국철학논집
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• 제35호
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• pp.361-384
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• 2012

본 논문은, 최상의 철학적 가치가 제반 범주에 관철되는 선진(先秦) 철학에 나타난 체계상의 특징을 고찰하는 가운데, 한비자의 법치(法治)와 술치(術治)의 결합 관계를 간과하거나 술치론 비판의 연장선상에서 한비자의 법치론을 오독하는 연구의 문제점을 지적한다. 이를 위해 인식론, 윤리론, 군사론 범주에서 비롯한 한비자 술치론의 입론사유를 분석하면서, 그 요지가 사건의 실제적 정황과 사물의 실질을 파악하여 상벌의 객관적 근거를 확보하는 것임을 논증한다. 한비자 술치론의 입론 근거는 다음의 세 가지이다. 첫째, 사물의 실질을 파악하고 사물의 자연적 본성에 부합한 직책과 직무를 부여하는 인식론 사유, 둘째, 정형화된 예법에 얽매이지 않고 법과 조화하며 이기적 본성을 자유롭게 발현시키는 윤리론 사유, 셋째, 사건과 사물의 실질을 정확하게 파악하기 위한 '궤사(詭詐)'의 군사론 사유이다. 이상의 세 가지 내용은 한비자의 술치론이 상벌의 객관적 근거 확보와 법의 공정한 시행을 위한 것임을 보여준다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.251-265
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• 2007

This study is a research on the etiology in Wu Youke's wenyi theory. In regard to the etiology of epidemic disease that had been spread on a very large scale at that time, Wu Youke denied the traditional theory which urged the irregular change of climate as the cause of epidemic disease, and proposed the concept of 'zaqi' which was considered by him to be something that could be the real cause of epidemic disease. And He treated the wenyi disease as something that has the same meaning with wenbing, so his concept on wenbing was basically the thing that treats 'zaqi' as the fundamental cause of wenbing and treats the concept of 'wen(溫)' as an environmental cause that could help activate the virulence of 'zaqi'. Such concept like this was the thing somewhat different from the traditional etiological theory that considers the change of climate as the principal cause of waigan(外感)-disease, and it must for the most part have been originated from the experience of Wu Youke himself. But this study, in contrast, based on the thing he denied the traditional theory on the irregular change of climate, has been done in the point of view that fundamental concept of his wenyi theory such as 'zaqi' was not only originated from his clinical experience but also from the influence of paradigm shift in the natural philosophy of that time. There had been so much change in cosmology and natural philosophy from the fundamental basis at that time, and the the most principal concept of it was that there always exists irregular faces in the change of nature. Such concept like this got into its stride from about 17th century, and it was expressed in the form of the severe criticism against the traditional natural philosophy. In regard to this, this study has outlined the academic thought of the leading scholars who made a significant progress in such a paradigm shift, and it includes the scholars like Wang Tingxiang, Wang Fuzhi, Hu Wei, Huang Zongxi, who played their role in the time of the latter period of Ming dynasty and the former period of Qing dynasty.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.107-107
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• 2000

1. Ounyukki(五運六氣) theory was first developed from observation of astronomical phenomena. Natural phenomena were explained and incorporated into the concepts of Yukki(六氣), and Ohaeng(五行, the concept that all matter in the world are comprised of five fundamental elements), during Chon-guk(戰國) and Han(漢) periods. In that period. Kanji(干支, the method to present time with ten and twelve different kinds of symbol's combinations) was used to record Ounyukki(五運六氣). Theoretical study of Un-gi(運氣, the abbreviation of Ounyukki) was almost completed in Un-gichilpyon(運氣七篇) of Naekyong(內經). Un-gi(運氣) theory was further studied and considered to be very important socially, as well as medically, in Tang(唐), Song(宋), Kum(金), and Won(元) periods. Hagan(河間) published various studies based on Un-gi(運氣) theory in Kum won(金元) periods. 2. Hagan(河間) realized the limitation of a remedy method, of Sanghan(傷寒) theory. Therefore, he made an assumption that the prevalence of diseases in his period are closely related to Hwayol(火熱, a fire and a super-heat; two things out of Yukki(六氣)). His new theory was a result of the study on Kyongjon(經典, bibles of the oriental medicine) and the phenomena of nature. 3. Hagan(河間) used a combination of two basic theories of Pimuripsang(比物立象) and Hanhaesungjeron(亢害承制論) to make understood Hwayol(火熱) theory, Pimuripsang(比物立象) theory explains a method to appreciate the essence of things by comparing Sang(象, an expression of how something appears on the outside) and then making another Sang(象) from the comparison. Hanhaesungjeron(亢害承制論) is a theory to emphasize the importance of a balance of Yukki(六氣). It is that, if one of the elements is exceeded, other thing in the other five elements dominate the exceeded thing to control it for the balance between Yukki(六氣). In addition, he articulated P'yobon(標本. inside and outside of a thing) theory to differentiate the disease symptoms. These theories will help to distinguish real and fake symptoms of diseases, on which Hagan(河間) emphasized its importance. 4. Hagan(河間) published a new theory to explain Ounyukki(五運六氣) theory based on the observation of the nature and the experience from medical practice. And he added Chobyonggi(燥病機, course and rule causing disease in dry conditions) to Pyonggishipkujo(病機十九條, nineteen course and rule causing disease), it strengthened Pyonggi(病機, course and rule causing disease) theories. Moreover. he utilized Un-gi (運氣) theory in a real life situation by applying Un-giron(運氣論) to diagnosis like Maekchin(脈診, a method to diagnose by taking the pulse) and to prescription. 5. Modern society is an era in which it is hard to appreciate the principles of the changes due to the various unusual weather. Therefore, it is necessary to make a new paradigm using Un-gi(運氣) theory, like Hagan(河間) did in Kumwon(金元) period. 6. Unusual weather changes and the geriatric diseases such as cancer and diabetes, may have Sang(象) of Hwayol(火熱) theory at the other side. These diseases have been and will create more serious problems in modern society. As a method to solve these problems. it seems to be very important to understand and apply Hagan's(河間) Hawyol(火熱) theory to modern society.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.108-145
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• 2000

1. Ounyukki(五運六氣) theory was first developed from observation of astronomical phenomena. Natural phenomena were explained and incorporated into the concepts of Yukki(六氣), and Ohaeng(五行, the concept that all matter in the world are comprised of five fundamental elements), during Chon-guk(戰國) and Han(漢) periods. In that period. Kanji(干支, the method to present time with ten and twelve different kinds of symbol's combinations) was used to record Ounyukki(五運六氣). Theoretical study of Un-gi(運氣, the abbreviation of Ounyukki) was almost completed in Un-gichilpyon(運氣七篇) of Naekyong(內經). Un-gi(運氣) theory was further studied and considered to be very important socially, as well as medically, in Tang(唐), Song(宋), Kum(金), and Won(元) periods. Hagan(河間) published various studies based on Un-gi(運氣) theory in Kum won(金元) periods. 2. Hagan(河間) realized the limitation of a remedy method, of Sanghan(傷寒) theory. Therefore, he made an assumption that the prevalence of diseases in his period are closely related to Hwayol(火熱, a fire and a super-heat; two things out of Yukki(六氣)). His new theory was a result of the study on Kyongjon(經典, bibles of the oriental medicine) and the phenomena of nature. 3. Hagan(河間) used a combination of two basic theories of Pimuripsang(比物立象) and Hanhaesungjeron(亢害承制論) to make understood Hwayol(火熱) theory, Pimuripsang(比物立象) theory explains a method to appreciate the essence of things by comparing Sang(象, an expression of how something appears on the outside) and then making another Sang(象) from the comparison. Hanhaesungjeron(亢害承制論) is a theory to emphasize the importance of a balance of Yukki(六氣). It is that, if one of the elements is exceeded, other thing in the other five elements dominate the exceeded thing to control it for the balance between Yukki(六氣). In addition, he articulated P'yobon(標本. inside and outside of a thing) theory to differentiate the disease symptoms. These theories will help to distinguish real and fake symptoms of diseases, on which Hagan(河間) emphasized its importance. 4. Hagan(河間) published a new theory to explain Ounyukki(五運六氣) theory based on the observation of the nature and the experience from medical practice. And he added Chobyonggi(燥病機, course and rule causing disease in dry conditions) to Pyonggishipkujo(病機十九條, nineteen course and rule causing disease), it strengthened Pyonggi(病機, course and rule causing disease) theories. Moreover. he utilized Un-gi (運氣) theory in a real life situation by applying Un-giron(運氣論) to diagnosis like Maekchin(脈診, a method to diagnose by taking the pulse) and to prescription. 5. Modern society is an era in which it is hard to appreciate the principles of the changes due to the various unusual weather. Therefore, it is necessary to make a new paradigm using Un-gi(運氣) theory, like Hagan(河間) did in Kumwon(金元) period. 6. Unusual weather changes and the geriatric diseases such as cancer and diabetes, may have Sang(象) of Hwayol(火熱) theory at the other side. These diseases have been and will create more serious problems in modern society. As a method to solve these problems. it seems to be very important to understand and apply Hagan's(河間) Hawyol(火熱) theory to modern society.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.424-434
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• 2002

In Jang-Sang theory, ‘Sang’ indicates ‘Hyung Sang’. The internal organs appear it's shapes(Hyung Sang) outward. ‘Hyung Sang’ is concept that was used on 「the book of changes」(周易) and 「Nei Ching」(內經) to means a thing's shapes and conditions. ‘Hyung’ is the shape, an organization composing a thing and ‘Sang’ is the symptom, an essence(a seed) immanenting a thing. To observe Hyung Sang, it have to apply the principle that ‘the sky and man correspond each other(天人相應)’. Usually ‘Hyung’ appears as shapes and ‘Sang’ appears as colors and conditions. Diagnosis on the basis of Hyung Sang put first the external expression of the five Jang six Bu organs and Jung-Ki-Shin-Hyul(精氣神血). So a doctor has to unite shapes, colors, pulse and symptoms(形, 色, 脈, 症) when diagnosis a patient. The theory of Hyung Sang includes the basic theories of the oriental medicine, the theory for Yin-Yang and the five element(陰陽五行論), organ picture(Jang-Sang), meridians(經絡學說), the five circuit phases and the six atmospheric influences(運氣學說), physical constitution(體質學說). I think that treatment based on Hyung Sang is shown the essence of the oriental medicine well. In the future, I think, we need to study more about the theory of Hyung Sang.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.445-460
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• 1994

This paper analyzes Empire style costume based on the fashion theory of Lauer and Lauer. We classify fashion into tow categories, a personal identities, the social competition and sexual competition, he economic factor as a functional factor, and the reflective thing of zeitgeist, eroticism as a dynamic factor. These factors can be visualized from fashion design, textiles, ornaments expressed in the paintings.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.147-166
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to explain stress shift and its following segmental variations when some suffixes are added to the bases. In the past those were analyzed in stress or vowel laxing phenomenon separately, but rather those should be analyzed in one framework compositively. Therefore in this paper I will introduce a new theory, which is known as Harmonic theory, and confirm that it can solve the problems related with stress and vowel laxing simultaneously. The first thing, as a prosodic approach I am going to analyze vowel laxing according to Liberman & Prince (1977), Burzio (1993), and then next to go to the Harmonic theory approach. Within the theory I will analyze the phonological phenomena harmoniously through the important three levels, M-level, W-level, P-level. Therefore this paper is to show that from the comparison between the prosodic analysis and the Harmonic analysis, what is more natural and harmonious analysis is based on the Harmonic approach.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.29-41
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• 1996

A 'TEXT' is a basic unit of culture. It is also the whole of culture organization which is generalizing a culture. Literary texts which are reflection of the culture could be understood as historical discourse. This thesis which is based on the 'Semiotic theory', 'Victor Turner's Performance theory', and Sung Man Lee's 'Information Model', classified the type of meaning to explain how to communicate the meaning of thing which were described in novels, for examples, background, dress, dialogue, era, etc. An interpreter (reader) should understand the culture described in novels to clarify the ambiguous significance. An interpretative theory of symbolic meaning described in text was presented in this thesis, and it was applied to analysis Myung Hee Choi's novel, 'Honbul'.