• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.254-254
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• 2002

A process for the production of mannitol from fructose (5% to 25%) using Leuconosyoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1149 was investigated. Fermentations were carried out in bat도 of fed-batch fermentations without aeration at 28℃, pH 5.0. When 5% fructose was used in batch culture fermentation, the yield of mannitol was 78% of that expected theoretically. When the fructose concentration was increased to 10%, the yield dropped to 59.6% of the theoretical value. However, in the fed-batch culture, using 10% fructose, the yield was 81.9% of the theoretical value. In a 15% fructose fed-bat도 culture, with 5% fructose being added initially and the other 10% fructose being added as a continuous supply, the final yield was 83.7% of the theoretical yield. When 20% fructose was used in the same manner, the yield was 89.5% of theoretical yield.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.234-236
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• 2002

A process for the production of mannitol from fructose (5% to 25%) using Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1149 was investigated. Fermentations were carried out In batch or fed-batch fermentations without aeration at 28$\^{C}$, pH 5.0. When 5% fructose was used In batch culture fermentation, the yield of mannitol was 78% of that expected theoretically. When the frurtose concentration was Increased to 10%, the yield dropped to 59.6% of the theoretical value. However, In the fed-batch culture, using 10% fructose, the yield was 81.9% of the theoretical value. In a 15% fruttose fed-batch culture, with 5% fructose being added initially and the other 10% fructose being added as a continuous supply the final yield was 83.7% of the theoretical yield. When 20% fructose was used In the same manner, the yield was 89.5% of theoretical yield.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.177-179
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• 2002

The process for the production of mannitol with fructose (5% to 25%) using Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1149 was investigated. Optimization study for mannitol production was carried out in 8 liter batch or fed-batch cultures at $28^{\circ}C$, pH 5.0, without aeration. When 5% fructose was used in a batch culture fermentation, the yield of mannitol was 78% of theoretical. As the concentration of fructose was increased to 10% in a batch culture, the yield was reduced to 59.6% of theoretical. Using a fed-batch fermentation with 10% fructose, the yield was increased to 81.9%. When 15% fructose was used for a fed batch fermentation 5% fructose was initially added and the last 10% fructose was supplied continuously. The final yield of mannitol was 83.71% of theoretical. When 20% fructose was used, the yield was more higher, 89.48%.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.199-205
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• 2014

The current study examines the effect of the analytical parameter values on the theoretical forming limit diagram (FLD) based on the Marciniak-Kuczynski model (M-K model). Tensile tests were performed to obtain stress-strain curves and determine the anisotropic properties in the rolling, transverse and diagonal direction of SPCC sheet materials. The experimental forming limit curve for SPCC sheet material was obtained by limiting dome stretching tests. To predict the theoretical FLD based on the M-K model, the Hosford 79 yield function was employed. The effects of three analytical parameters - the exponent of the yield function, the initial imperfection parameter and the fracture criterion parameter - on the M-K model, were examined and the results of the theoretical FLD were compared to the experimentally measured FLD. It was found that the various analytical parameters should be carefully considered to reasonably predict the theoretical FLD. The comparison of the acceptable forming limit area between the theoretical and experimental FLD is used to compare the two diagrams.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.145-152
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• 1999

Brettanomyces custersii CBS 5512 which has reported as a thermotolerant glucose-cellobiose co-fermentable yeast strain was mutated with UV and NTG to improve ethanol yield at higher than 4$0^{\circ}C$ B. custersii H1-23, H1-39, H1-55 and H1062 were finally selected for hyper-fermentable strains at higher than 4$0^{\circ}C$ from thermotolerant 7510 colonies through 5th selection. Among the selected strains, H1-39 mutant had better fermentability at 4$0^{\circ}C$ and 43$^{\circ}C$ from different concentrations of glucose. H1-39 and H1-23 mutants yielded more than 70% of the theoretical ethanol yield in 4 and 8% mixed sugars at above 4$0^{\circ}C$, which was 5-11% higher than those by original strain. Especially, H1-39 mutant had better fermentability in 4% mixed sugar. It showed 78.5% of the theoretical yield at 4$0^{\circ}C$ and 72.2% of the theoretical yield at 43$^{\circ}C$. On the other hand, theoretical yield of ethanol by H1-39 mutant in 8% mixed sugar at 4$0^{\circ}C$ and 43$^{\circ}C$ were 75.2% and 70.2%, respectively. Theses values increased up to 7-11% as compared to those by orginal strain. By the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation, ethanol production by H1-39 mutant increased up to more than 23% as compared to that by original strain.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.571-577
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• 2003

The intracellular metabolic fluxes can be calculated by metabolic flux analysis, which uses a stoichiometric model for the intracellulal reactions along with mass balances around the intracellular metabolites. In this study, metabolic flux analyses were carried out to estimate flux distributions for the maximum in silico yields of various metabolites in Escherichia coli. The maximum in silico yields of acetic acid and lactic acid were identical to their theoretical yields. On the other hand, the in silico yields of succinic acid and ethanol were only 83% and 6.5% of their theoretical yields, respectively. The lower in silico yield of succinic acid was found to be due to the insufficient reducing power. but this lower yield could be increased to its theoretical yield by supplying more reducing power. The maximum theoretical yield of ethanol could be achieved, when a reaction catalyzed by pyruvate decarboxylase was added in the metabolic network. Futhermore, optimal metabolic pathways for the production of various metabolites could be proposed, based on the results of metabolic flux analyses. In the case of succinic acid production, it was found that the pyruvate carboxylation pathway should be used for its optimal production in E. coli rather than the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylation pathway.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.455-466
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• 2023

To investigate the load bearing capacity of axially preloaded circular hollow section (CHS) stub columns strengthened by carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP), theoretical analysis is carried out. The yield strength and the ultimate strength of a CFRP strengthened preloaded CHS stub column are determined at the yielding of the CHS tube and at the CFRP fracture, respectively. Theoretical models are proposed and corresponding equations for calculating the static strengths, including the yield strength and the ultimate strength, are presented. Through comparison with reported experimental results, the theoretical predictions on the static strengths are proved to be accurate. Through finite element (FE) analyses, parametric studies for 258 models of CFRP strengthened preloaded CHS stub columns are conducted by considering different values of tube diameter, tube thickness, CFRP layer and preloading level. The static strengths of the 258 models predicted from presented equations are proved to be in good agreement with FE simulations when the diameter-to-thickness ratio is less than 90ε². The parametric study indicates that the diameter and the thickness of the steel tube have great effects on CFRP strengthening efficiency, and the recommended ranges of the diameter and the thickness are proposed.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.189-200
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• 2021

The compressive strength of circular concrete filled steel tubular (C-CFST) stubs strengthened with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) is studied theoretically. According to previous experimental results, the failure process and mechanism of circular CFRP-concrete filled steel tubular (C-CFRP-CFST) stubs is analyzed, and the loading process is divided into 3 stages, i.e., elastic stage, elasto-plastic stage and failure stage. Based on continuum mechanics, the theoretical model of C-CFRP-CFST stubs under axial compression is established based on the assumptions that steel tube and concrete are both in three-dimensional stress state and CFRP is in uniaxial tensile stress state. Equations for calculating the yield strength and the ultimate strength of C-CFRP-CFST stubs are deduced. Theoretical predictions from the presented equations are compared with existing experimental results. There are a total of 49 tested specimens, including 15 ones for comparison of yield strength and 44 ones for comparison of ultimate strength. It is found that the predicted results of most specimens are within an error limit of 10%. Finally, simplified equations for calculating both yield strength and ultimate strength of C-CFRP-CFST stubs are proposed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.384-388
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• 2001

The metabolic pathway synthesis algorithm was applied to estimate the maximum ethanol yield from xylose in a model recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain containing the genes involved in xylose metabolism. The stoichiometrically independent pathways were identified by constructing a biochemical reaction network for conversion of xylose to ethanol in the recombinant S. cerevisiae. Two independent pathways were obtained in xylose-assimilating recombinant S. cerevisiae as opposed to six independent pathways for conversion of glucose to ethanol. The maximum ethanol yield from xylose was estimated to be 0.46 g/g, which was lower than the known value of 0.51 g/g for glucose-fermenting and wild-type xylose-fermenting yeasts.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.313-320
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• 1994

Rosin-maleic anhydride adduct(RMA) was synthesized from rosin and maleic anhydride. Highly purified RMA for the application of polymerization monomer was synthesized by means of two methods; the melt reaction followed by further purification and the solution reaction. As a result of this study, the solution reaction was better than the melt reaction for obtaining higher yield of RMA. Maximum yield of RMA obtained by the melt reaction was only 40%. But the yield of RMA obtained by the reaction in carbon tetrachloride solution was 48%(theoretical yield 87.6%) and that obtained by the reaction in acetic acid solution was 51.5%(theoretical yield 94%) respectively.