• 한국조경학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.1-21
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• 1995

Parks in Kwang Ju ar determined by the development of a housing project under the regulations of land development rather than the planning approach of park provision. This study tries to identify who is the provider of parks, to estimate the size of urban parks per person in the area of the housing project, to look at the spatial allocation patterns of park provision and to identify the character profiles of users and the social profile of an ares(Dong). This research has produced the following major conclusions : 1. The city government should set up a master plan of park provision to control park delivery system to avoid maldistribution. 2. A positive discrimination policy should be introduced to disadvantaged areas in terms of park provision. 3. The null hypothesis - there is no relationship between distance and park Use - is rejected by the correlation rate of 0.4984. 4. The ratio of parks per a person ; 10.43㎡/person in 1990 has decreased to 10.41㎡ /person in 1994. This means that the increase of parks in terms of quantity could not catch up the increase of population.

• 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2003

The evaluation of economy of wards is based on the building area. The parameters are nursing area per bed, occupied area per patient, and the portion of movement area. Three areas such as patient area, nurse area, and corridor area are devided. The results of analysis are as follows. At first, allocation of patient area has the highest priority. Even though nurse area is small, the patient area is relatively large. Secondly, the patient area is mostly determined by the type of rooms, such as single, double, etc.. Finally, the type of alley on the floor is important to economy. The single corridor type is the most economical followed by the double corridor type. the single loaded type shows the worst economy.

• 대한전자공학회논문지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.784-792
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• 1990

In this paper, attempts have been made to compare the subjective performance of sub-band coding (SBC) techniques incorporating four representative modulation transfer functions (MTF's) of th human visual system(HVS): Sakrison, Nill, Ngan, and Rao. In SBC, the frequency band of input signal is split into 16 equal sub-bands. In addition, 28 sub-band splitting schemd which splits more sub-bands in low spatial frequency is considered to compare the 4 MTF's effectively. In encoding of each sub-band, the weight of each sub-band obtained from the MTF of HVS is applied to bit allocation process which minimize the weighted mean square error (WMSE). The differential pulse code modulation(DPCM) coder is used to encode the lowest sub-band and the pulse code modulation(PCM) coder is used for the rest of sub-bands. It is found that the images incorporating the MTF of Rao yields the best results in subjective criteria, followed by Ngan, Nill, Sakrison, and the images not employing the HVS.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제15권2E호
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• pp.24-32
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• 1996

A rigorous theory for modeling, analysis, optimum nonseparable filter bank in multidimensional M-band quantized subband codec are developed in this paper. Each pdf-optimized quantizer is modeled by a nonlinear gain-plus-additive uncorrelated noise and embedded into the subband structure. We then decompose the analysis/synthesis filter banks into their polyphase components and shift the down-and up-samplers to the right and left of the analysis/synthesis polyphase matrices respectively. Focusing on the slow clock rate signal between the samplers, we derive the exact expression for the output mean square quantization error by using spatial-invariant analysis. We show that this error can be represented by two uncorrelated components : a distortion component due to the quantizer gain, and a random noise component due to fictitious uncorrelated noise at the uantizer. This mean square error is then minimized subject to perfect reconstruction (PR) constraints and the total bit allocation for the entire filter bank. The algorithm gives filter coefficients and subband bit allocations. Numerical design example for the optimum nonseparable orthonormal filter bank is given with a quincunx subsampling lattice.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.919-924
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• 2009

Geographical location carries information such as demography, local economy, environment, and life styles, which could be the sources of cancer occurrence. Analyzing geographical location associated with cancer occurrence can be instructive to physicians, patients, and health administrators regarding resource allocation, expenditures, prophylaxis and treatments. In this paper, we explored the correspondence relationship between geographical locations and mortality rates of the cancers using correspondence analysis and illustrated the approach with the mortality rates of the top 10 cancers in the 75 counties in Arkansas from 2001 to 2005. Geographical variations with respect to the mortality rates of cancers are evaluated across Arkansas counties. Based on the contingency table, correspondence analysis model is developed and the simple indices which indicate the degree to which the regions and the cancers affect each other are calculated. Quantitative results are visualized and mapped in two-dimensional graphs.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제31B권10호
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• pp.130-139
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• 1994

Video compression algorithms are based on removing spatial and/or temproal redundancy inherent in image sequences by predictive(DPCM) encoding, transform encoding, or a combination of predictive and transform encoding. In this paper, each 8$\times$8 DCT coefficient of DFD(displaced frame difference) is adaptively quantized by one of the four quantizers depending on total distortion level, which is determined by characteristics of HVS(human visual system) and buffer status. Therefore, the number of possible quantizer selection vectors(patterns) is 4$^{64}$. If this vectors are coded, toomany bits are required. Thus, the quantizer selection vectors are limited to 2048 for Y and 512 for each U, V by the proposed method using SWAD(sum of weighted absolute difference) for discriminating vectors. The computer simulation results, using the codebook vectors which are made by the proposed method, show that the subjective and objective image quality (PSNR) are goor with the limited bit allocation. (17Mbps)

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제25권5A호
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• pp.726-742
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• 2000

A novel rte control algorithm consisting of two major components, i.e. a variable encoding frame rate method and a hybrid DCT/wavelet I-frame coding scheme, is proposed in this work for low bit rate video coding. Most existing rate control algorithms for low bit rate video focus on bit allocation at the macroblock level under a constant frame rate assumption. The proposed rate control algorithm is able to adjust the encoding frame rate at the expense of tolerable time-delay. Furthermore, an R-D optimized hybrid DCT/wavelet scheme is used for effective I-frame coding. The new rate-control algorithm attempts to achieve a good balance between spatial quality and temporal quality to enhance the overall human perceptual quality at low bit rates. It is demonstrated that the rate control algorithm achieves higher coding efficiency at low bit rates with a low additional computational cost. The variable frame rate method and hybrid I-frame coding scheme are compatible with the bi stream structure of H.263+.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.128-135
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• 2007

A combined opportunistic multiple beamforming method is presented that the first beam is designed with an aid of channel state information using uplink mid-amble and other beams are orthogonally generated to the first beam sequentially. The power allocation with SINR feedback increases overall throughput for the decentralized systems. The advantages of the proposed scheme is that the first beam is not interfered by other beams guaranteeing quality of service (QoS) and other orthogonal beams are operated opportunistically to obtain multi user diversity. The computer simulation demonstrates that the proposed scheme is effective at a small number of users, which is common in cellular systems, and outperforms conventional spatial division multiple access (SDMA) opportunistic beamforming methods.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.469-479
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• 2013

This paper proposes an efficient computation-aware mode decision and search point (SP) allocation algorithm for spatial and quality scalabilities in Scalable Video Coding. In our proposal, a linear model is derived to allocate the computation for macroblocks in enhancement layers by using the rate distortion costs of the base layer. In addition, an adaptive SP decision algorithm is proposed to decide the number of SPs for motion estimation under the constraint of the allocated computation. Experiment results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm allocates the computation resource efficiently and outperforms other works in rate distortion performance under the same computational availability constraint.

• 한국경영과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한산업공학회/한국경영과학회 2000년도 춘계공동학술대회 논문집
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• pp.183-187
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• 2000

In this study, we design a scheduling system for painting shop, called HYPOS(Hyundai heavy industry Painting shop Operating System) and develop a system implementing the design. The painting shop operations are currently scheduled manually by experts. Manual scheduling is a serious time consuming job and generally can not guarantee a full optimality. Building a traditional heuristic scheduling system lot this problem, however, is not promising because there are various kinds of constraints to be satisfied including space allocation of shipbuilding blocks in a painting cell. We, therefore, adopt a spatial scheduling approach and develop scheduling algorithms based on field-oriented scheduling heuristics and computational geometry. And we show that the algorithms can successfully be applied to the painting shop scheduling problem.