• Title/Summary/Keyword: the rice brown planthopper

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A Medium-Maturing and Good Quality Japonica Rice Variety, "Cheongan" (벼 중생 고품질 신품종 "청안")

  • Yang, Sae-Jun;Kim, Yeon-Gyu;Choi, Im-Soo;Cho, Young-Chan;Hwang, Hung-Goo;Hong, Ha-Cheol;Kim, Myeong-Ki;Oh, Myung-Kyu;Shin, Young-Seop;Lee, Jeom-Ho;Choi, Yong-Hwan;Choi, In-Bea;Kang, Kyung-Ho;Yea, Jong-Doo;Lee, Jeong-Heui
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.41 no.4
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    • pp.649-653
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    • 2009
  • "Cheongan" is a new japonica rice variety developed from a cross between SR15225-B-22-1-2-1 and Iksan431 in summer season, 1997 by National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. The line SR15225-B-22-1-2-1 has good canopy architecture and multi-disease and insect resistance, and Iksan431 has translucent milled rice and good eating-quality. Heading date of Cheongan is August 13 in central lowland and mid-mountainous areas. "Cheongan" having culm length of 84 cm shows relatively semi-erect pubescent leaf blade and rigid culm, tolerance to lodging with and good canopy architecture. This variety has 14 tillers per hill and 126 spikelets per panicle. It shows tolerance to heading delay and spikelet sterility comparable to Hwaseongbyeo when exposed to cold stress. Leaf senescence of Cheongan progresses slowly during the ripening stage and the viviparous germination ratio was 59 %, similar to that of Hwaseongbyo. "Cheongan" shows moderately resistance to blast disease, but susceptible to stripe virus and brown planthopper. The milled rice of "Cheongan" exhibits translucent, clear non-glutinous endosperm and medium short grain. It shows similar amylose content of 18.7%, gelatinization temperature, and similar palatability of cooked rice compared to Hwaseongbyeo. The milled rice yield of this cultivar is about 5.54 MT/ha at ordinary season culture in local adaptability test for three years. Especially, "Cheongan" has better milling properties of higher 98.4% and 73.9% in the percentage of head rice in milled rice and milling recovery of head rice, respectively, than those of Hwaseongbyeo. "Cheongan" could be adaptable to the central and mid-southern plain area, and mid-western coastal area of Korea.

Studied on Amplificative Efficiency of PCR of Predigested template DNA and GC Contents for RAPD Analysis in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori (누에의 RAPD 분석을 위한 primer의 GC 함량과 사전 제한효소 처리한 주형 DNA의 PCR 증폭효율에 관한 연구)

  • 이진성;황재삼;이상몽;황석조;강현아;성승현;서동상
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.58-65
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    • 1996
  • This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of sublethal doses of BPMC, etofenprox, and buprofezin on N. lugens. and its predator C. lividipennis. Buprofezin was found to be the most toxic to N. lugens and the most safe to C. lividipennis among the three insecticides, based on LD50 values. Selective toxicity index calculated by dividing LDSo value of C. lividipennis by that of N. lugens indicated that buprofezin was very safe to C. lividipennis, showing selective toxicity of 2703.3. Longevity and fecundity of N. lugens treated with LDIU and LDm of buprofezin and BPMC were not significantly different with those of untreated brown planthoppers. However, egg hatchability' of N. lugens was greatly reduced when treated with LDm of buprofezin, having the highest inhibition rate of 17.7%. Hatchability of eggs from insects treated with BPMC was similar to that of control. The oviposited peak of treated hoppers appeared late as compared to the untreated which showed the peak at early part of the ovipositional period. The longevity and fecundity of C. lividipennis treated with BPMC were significantly reduced as compared with the untreated. Etofenprox also induced fecundity reduction when treated with LDlo, and LDm. However, C. lividipennis treated with sublethal doses of buprofezin showed no redution in logevity and fecundity. From these results, it may be said that buprofezin can be used to control brown planthopper without disrupting of C. lividipennis population in the rice field.

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A New High Qualilty Rice Variety with Lodging Resistance and Multiple Resistance to Diseases, "Donghaejinmi" (중만생 고품질 내도복 복합내병성 벼 신품종 "동해진미(東海珍味)")

  • Yeo, Un-Sang;Kim, Jeong-Il;Lee, Jeom-Sig;Park, No-Bong;Chang, Jae-Ki;Oh, Byeong-Geun;Kang, Jung-Hun;Kwak, Do-Yeon;Cho, Jun-Hyun;Lee, Jong-Hee;Kwon, Oh-Deog;Lee, Ji-Yoon;Nam, Min-Hee;Kim, Sang-Yeol;Ku, Yeon-Chung;Kim, Jae-Kyu
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.41 no.3
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    • pp.288-291
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    • 2009
  • A new commercial rice variety "Donghaejinmi" is a japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) with lodging resistance and high grain quality. It has been developed by the rice breeding team of Yeongdeog Substation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA. This variety was derived from a cross between "Milyang 64" as a resistance source of brown planthopper (Bph) and "Milyang 165" as grain quality source. The donor parent, "Milyang64" has been backcrossed three times with recurrent parent, "Milyang165" and selected by the pedigree breeding method. The pedigree of "Donghaejinmi", designated as "Yeongdeog 41" in 2003, was YR21259-B-B-68-1. It has a short culm length with 69 cm and medium-late growth time. This variety is resistant to stripe virus and moderately resistant to leaf blast disease with durable resistance. It also has tolerance to unfavorable environment such as cold, dried wind and storm. Milled rice kernel of "Donghaejinmi" is translucent, clear in chalkness and good at eating quality in panel test. The merit of this variety is high head rice ratio, which is essential element to produce an article of superior quality rice brand. The yield potential of "Donhaejinmi" in milled rice is about 6.05 MT/ha at ordinary fertilizer level of local adaptability test. This cultivar would be adaptable to Yeongnam inland plains and eastern costal area of Yeongnam province.

Buffer Zones for Non-Target Organisms by Aerial Pesticide Application Around Rice Paddy (벼 재배지의 항공 방제시 비표적 생물에 대한 안전거리)

  • Park, Yeon-Ki;Jin, Yeoung-Duck;Kim, Byung-Seok;Park, Kyung-Hun;Lee, Jea-Bong;Shin, Jin-Sup;Bae, Chung-Han;Lee, Kyu-Seung
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.32-37
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    • 2007
  • The study was carried out to establish buffer zone for the protection of the non-target organisms by aerial pesticide application. The two pesticide combination of 3-way tank-mixing of three pesticides for aerial application, ferimzone tricyclazole SC + BPMC EC + validamycin-A SL and hexaconzole EC + isoprothiolane EC+phenthoate EC were selected for the simultaneous control of key pests on paddy rice as blast, sheath blight, brown planthopper and moth. Aquatic organisms including killifish and loach in the paddy field and nearby water reservoirs were not affected by aerial application of the pesticides. However, all the water flea were killed, when they were exposed 10 m from the aerially sprayed site, while the water flea exposed in 30 m away from the site were not affected. Honeybees within 50 m in the wind direction and 20 m in the opposite wind direction showed a mortality of $7{\sim}100%$. Residues concentration of the pesticides in paddy water were not detectable level after six days from aerial application. Drifting distance of aerially sprayed droplet from the target area was within 30 m in the wind direction and 20 m in the opposite direction. Consequently, it was the buffer zones in the aerial pesticides application for the protection of the non-target organisms should be at least 50 m for aquatic organisms and 100 m for honeybees.

Investigation into Whether Agronomic Traits Are Fixed for the Breeding of Drought Tolerance and BPH-resistant Crosses (내건성 및 BPH 내성 계통의 육성을 위한 농업형질 고정여부 조사)

  • Lee, So Young;Kim, Eun-Gyeong;Park, Jae-Ryoung;Kim, Kyung-Min
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.30 no.9
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    • pp.798-803
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    • 2020
  • Late in the 1960s, South Korea established cultivation technology and began breeding new "Tongil" type rice cultivars by crossing indica and japonica. To date, this cultivation technique has been used to produce a wide variety of cultivars to meet consumer preferences and adapt to extreme weather conditions. Once major genetic traits are no longer segregated through advanced generations, varieties obtained from a cross between different crops may become a new variety. In this study, we confirmed the agronomic traits of F4, F5, and F6 by advanced generation a population in which drought tolerance and brown planthopper (BPH) resistance were crossed. HV23, Ilmi/HV23, and Drimi2ho/HV23 were used. HV23 was drought-tolerant, and Drimi2ho was resistant to BPH. As a result, it was possible to consider that the agronomic traits were fixed because none of them showed a significant difference from the others. While it takes more than 10 years for the pedigree method of breeding, this study confirmed that the agronomic traits were fixed in 4-6 years. In the future, we will investigate the homology of the CaMsrB2 gene and the Bph1 gene, to confirm that both genes are closely related to each other, and analyze the stable inheritance of the introduced gene for multiple successive generations.

Relationship between Planthoppers (Nilaparvata lugens and Sogatella furcifera) and Rice Diseases (멸구류(類)(벼멸구 및 흰등멸구)와 수도병해(水稻病害)의 복합발생피해(複合發生被害)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • LEE, S.C.;Matias, D.M.;Mew, T.W.;Sorino, J.S.;Heinrichs, E.A.
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.24 no.2 s.63
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    • pp.65-70
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    • 1985
  • The locational preference of the brown planthopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugens ($St{\aa}l$) and the whitebacked plant hopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera(Horvath) was studied on rice cultivars IR22 and IR36 as an integral part of subsequent research on insect-fungal pathogen relationships. The BPH was observed to stay consistently on the basal portion while the WBPH showed a general preference for the upper portion regardless of varieties, rice growth stages and insect population density levels. The habitat preference of both species (BPH and WBPH) was found not to be affected by the presence of the other species when both species are present on the same host plant Five rice cultivars with different reactions to BPH biotype 2 were used in the study on BPH-Rhizoctonia solani relationship: IR22 and TN1 (susceptible); Triveni and ASD7 (moderately resistant); and IR42 (resistant). Test plants were inoculated with R. solani (Kuhn) $3{\sim}4$days after insect infestation. Sheath blight disease severity/incidence was significantly higher in the treatment where BPH+R. solani were together than in the treatment with only the pathogen. Symptom expression of the disease in the BPH-pathogen combination was faster and mycelial growth was more profuse inducing the formation of more infection structures. Regardless of varietal reaction to BPH biotype 2, the degree of hopperburn was significantly higher in the combination of the two pests as compared with that of BPH alone. There could be a synergistic relationship between the insect pest and the pathogen indicated by a positive interaction between the two species.

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An Early-Maturing, Blast Resistant and High Quality Rice Cultivar "Pyeongwon" (벼 조생 단간 내도열병 고품질 신품종 "평원")

  • Ryu, Hae-Young;Jeon, Yong-Hee;Jung, Kuk-Hyun;Shin, Young-Seop;Hwang, Hung-Goo;Kim, Hong-Yeol;Kim, Myeong-Ki;Jung, O-Young;Won, Yong-Jae;Kim, Yeon-Gyu;Yang, Chang-In;Lee, Jeom-Ho;Lee, Jeong-Il;Lee, Jeong-Heui;Choi, Yoon-Hee;Yang, Sae-Jun;Ahn, Eok-Keun
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.41 no.2
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    • pp.177-181
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    • 2009
  • 'Pyeongwon' is a new japonica rice cultivar which is developed from a cross between Jinbu19 and Samjiyeon4 from North Korea by the rice breeding team of National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. Pyeongwon has about 107 days duration from seeding to heading in mid-northen plain, alpine, north-eastern coastal and southern alpine areas. It has about 67 cm culm length and tolerance to lodging. Pyeongwon has 13 tillers per hill and 82 spikelets per panicle. It showed tolerance to heading delay and spikelet sterility due to cold treatment similar to Odaebyeo. It also showed slow leaf senescence and moderate tolerance to viviparous germination during the ripening stage. Pyeongwon has resistance to blast disease but susceptible to stripe virus and brown planthopper. Milled rice of Pyeongwon has translucent kernels, relatively clear non-glutinous endosperm and medium short grain. It is characterized as a low gelatinization temperature and slightly lower amylose content (17.1%) variety compared to Odaebyeo (19.5%) and has good palatability of cooked rice. The milled rice yield performance of this cultivar was about 5.28 MT/ha by ordinary culture in local adaptability test for three years. This cultivar may be highly adaptable to the mid-northen plain, alpine, north-eastern coastal and southern alpine areas of Korea.

Wind and Flooding Damages of Rice Plants in Korea (한국의 도작과 풍수해)

  • 강양순
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.34 no.s02
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    • pp.45-65
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    • 1989
  • The Korean peninsular having the complexity of the photography and variability of climate is located within passing area of a lots of typhoon occurring from the southern islands of Philippines. So, there are various patterns of wind and flooding damages in paddy field occuring by the strong wind and the heavy rain concentrated during the summer season of rice growing period in Korea. The wind damages to rice plants in Korea were mainly caused by saline wind, dry wind and strong wind when typhoon occurred. The saline wind damage having symptom of white head or dried leaves occurred by 1.1 to 17.2 mg of salt per dry weight stuck on the plant which was located at 2. 5km away from seashore of southern coastal area during the period(from 27th to 29th, August, 1986) of typhoon &Vera& accompanying 62-96% of relative humidity, more than 6 m per second of wind velocity and 22.5 to 26.4$^{\circ}C$ of air temperature without rain. Most of the typhoons accompanying 4.0 to 8. 5m per second of wind and low humidity (lesp an 60%) with high temperature in the east coastal area and southen area of Korea. were changed to dry and hot wind by the foehn phenomenon. The dry wind damages with the symptom of the white head or the discolored brownish grain occurred at the rice heading stage. The strong wind caused the severe damages such as the broken leaves, cut-leaves and dried leaves before heading stage, lodging and shattering of grain at ripening stage mechanically during typhoon. To reduce the wind damages to rice plant, cultivation of resistant varieties to wind damages such as Sangpoongbyeo and Cheongcheongbyeo and the escape of heading stage during period of typhoon by accelerating of heading within 15th, August are effective. Though the flood disasters to rice plant such as earring away of field, burying of field, submerging and lodging damage are getting low by the construction of dam for multiple purpose and river bank, they are occasionally occurred by the regional heavy rain and water filled out in bank around the river. Paddy field were submerged for 2 to 4 days when typhoon and heavy rain occurred about the end of August. At this time, the rice plants that was in younger growing stage in the late transplanting field of southern area of Korea had the severe damages. Although panicles of rice plant which was in the meiotic growing stage and heading stage were died when flooded, they had 66% of yield compensating ability by the upper tilling panicle produced from tiller with dead panicle in ordinary transplanting paddy field. It is effective for reduction of flooding damages to cultivate the resistant variety to flooding having the resistance to bacterial leaf blight, lodging and small brown planthopper simultaneously. Especially, Tongil type rice varieties are relatively resistant to flooding, compared to Japonica rice varieties. Tongil type rice varieties had high survivals, low elongation ability of leaf sheath and blade, high recovering ability by the high root activity and photosynthesis and high yield compensating ability by the upper tillering panicle when flooded. To minimize the flooding and wind damage to rice plants in future, following research have to be carried out; 1. Data analysis by telemetering and computerization of climate, actual conditions and growing diagnosis of crops damaged by disasters. 2. Development of tolerant varieties to poor natural conditions related to flooding and wind damages. 3. Improvement of the reasonable cropping system by introduction of other crops compensating the loss of the damaged rice. 4. Increament of utilization of rice plant which was damaged.

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Effects of Sublethal Doses of Some Pesticides on the Biotic Potential and Population Density in Brown Planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens $St{\aa}l$ (몇 가지 농약(農藥)의 아치사량(亞致死量) 처리(處理)가 벼멸구(Nilaparvata lugens $St{\aa}l$) 의 생식력(生殖力) 및 개체군밀도(個體群密度)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Yi, Si-Hyeock;Choi, Seung-Yoon
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.25 no.3 s.68
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    • pp.139-149
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    • 1986
  • These experiments were performed to investigate the effects of sublethal doses of fungicides (validamycin A 3 Sp and neoasozin 6.5 Lq) and insecticides (diazinon 34Ec and decamethrin 1Ec) on the possible ways to the resurgence of brown planthoppers (BPH) (Nilaparvata lugens $St{\aa}l$). The possible factors tested in this experiment were fecundity of BPH, longevity, egg-hatchability, amount of honeydew excreted, population build-up following the pesticide treatments in the next generation, and hopperburn rate of potted rice plants. Among the insecticides tested, the applications of diazinon and decamethrin in rice fields may induce the BPH resurgence and accelerate the hopperburn of rice plants through stimulating the fecundity, increasing the adult longevity, promoting the feeding activity and causing the positve population build-up of the BPH

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High Quality and High Yielding Rice Variety 'Cheongdam' Adaptable to Direct Seeding (고품질 다수성 직파재배적성 신품종 '청담벼')

  • Choi, Im-Soo;Kang, Kyung-Ho;Jeong, O-Young;Jeong, Eung-Gi;Cho, Young-Chan;Kim, Yeon-Gyu;Kim, Myeong-Ki;O, Myeong-Gyu;Choi, In-Bea;Jeon, Yong-Hee;Won, Young-Jae;Shin, Young-Seoup;Oh, In-seok
    • Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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    • v.43 no.6
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    • pp.581-586
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    • 2011
  • 'Cheongdam' is a japonica rice variety developed from a cross between SR19200-HB826-34, a line of good germination ability and shoot emergence at low temperature and Juanbyeo, good quality and direct-seeding adaptable cultivar by the rice breeding team of National Institute of Crop Science, RDA in 2006. This variety has 153 days of total growth duration from seeding to maturity in direct-seeding, and 160 days of growth duration from seeding to maturity in transplanting. This is erect plant type with culm length of 74 cm, thick culm, and green leaves. It has large panicle shape with 126 and 140 spikelets per panicle in direct-seeding and transplanting, respectively. Milled rice is transluscent and medium in grain size of non-glutinous endosperm. This variety is susceptible to leaf and neck blast, bacterial blight, stripe virus disease and brown planthopper. The yield potential of 'Cheongdam' is 5.84 MT/ha at ordinary transplanting culture and 5.62 MT/ha and 5.89 MT/ha at wet direct-seeding and dry direct-seeding cultures, respectively in the local adaptability test for three years. 'Cheongdam' would be adaptable to middle and southern plain of Korea for direct-seeding culture and transplanting rice culture.