• Title/Summary/Keyword: the pattern of paulownia

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Anatomical and Physical Characteristics of Korean Paulownia (Paulownia coreana) Branch Wood

  • Yue, Qi;Jang, Jae-Hyuk;Park, Se-Hwi;Kim, Nam-Hun
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.42 no.5
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    • pp.510-515
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    • 2014
  • The anatomical and physical properties of tension wood (TW), opposite wood (OW) and lateral wood (LW) in the branches of Korean paulownia (Paulownia coreana) were compared. The diameter of TW vessels was larger than that of OW and LW vessels. The most distinctive feature of TW fibers was the presence of a gelatinous layer (G-fiber). The cell wall of TW fibers was nearly three times as thick as that of OW and LW. TW differed from OW and LW in density, X-ray diffraction pattern and shear and compressive strengths. The results obtained in this study showed clear differences in the anatomical and physical properties of TW, OW and LW of Paulownia coreana branch woods.

Detection of Phytoplasmas from Paulownia tomentosa, Syringa vulgaris and solidago vir-aurea var. gigantea Using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Their Relationships (Polymerase Chain Reaction(PCR)을 이용한 오동나무, 라일락, 미역취의 Phytoplasma 검출 및 유연 관계)

  • 이준탁;이준탁;예미지;권오유
    • Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.191-196
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    • 1996
  • 위축, 황화, 총생 증상 등 전형적인 병징을 나타내는 phytoplasma에 감염된 식물에서 phytoplasma만을 특이적으로 검출하기 위하여 polymerase chain reaction(PCR) 방법을 이용하였다. Phytoplasma의 16S rRNA gence의 DNA 단편을 증폭하기 위하여 1.4 kb primers (forward, 5` -GTTGATCCTGGCTCAGGATT-3` 와 reverse, 5` -AACCCCGAGAACGTATTCACC -3`)를 사용하여 증폭한 결과, phytoplasma에 이병된 오동나무, 라일락 및 미역취에서는 약 1.4 kbp의 위치에서 특이 band가 검출되었으나 control로 사용한 건전주에서는 어떠한 band 검출되지 않았다. 위의 결과를 재확인 하기 위하여 약 0.5 kb의 primers(forward, 5` -ACGAAAGCGTGGGGAGCAAA-3` 와 reverse, 5` -GAAGTCGAGTTGCAGACTTC-3`)를 사용하여 증폭한 결과, 0.5 kb의 위치에서 특이 band가 검출되었으나 control로 사용한 건전주에서는 어떠한 band도 검출되지 않았다. Phytoplasma에 이병된 식물의 PCR 반응산물을 제한효소인 AluI으로 처리하 sruf과, 오동나무와 라일락에서는 동일한 band pattern을 나타내어 서로 유연관계가 가까운 phytoplasma인 것으로 생각되며, 미역취에서는 이들과는 다른 band pattern을 나타내어 오동나무와 라일락의 phytoplasma와는 유연관계가 먼 것으로 추측된다.

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Establishment of Western-style Court Dress and its Formal Characteristics in the Meiji Period of Japan (일본 메이지기 [明治期] 문관대례복의 성립과 형태적 특징)

  • Lee, Kyung-Mee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.60 no.5
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    • pp.71-87
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of the study is analyzing Japanese modern costume, through examining legislation process and the relics of Chickimkwan's and Juimkwan's court costume. The results of the study are as follows. First, the proposer of civil court costume, established in 1872, was Iwakura Mission dispatched to America and Europe. The Mission realized the importance of preparing western-style costume in civilization from experience wearing traditional clothing at ceremony of presenting credentials in America. Afterwards, the Mission proposed that the government accept western-style as civil court costume and became first wearers in Japanese in England. Second, the difference, between ordinance and actual clothes worn by Iwakura Mission, occurred in process of legislation in 1872. That might be considered as trial and error in introducing different culture. The coexistence of England and French styles was unified into French style by the revision of civil court costume in 1886. Third, the pattern of paulownia embroidered on civil court costume was utilized as symbol of Japan. While the costume of Chickimkwan was embroidered by the pattern of 7 and 5 leaves paulownia, that of Juimkwan was 5 and 3 leaves expressing their grades. Fourth, relics research showed how formed manufacturer information and enacted design were in embroidery. The relics seemed to be manufactured in Japan, because emblem of Mitsukosi tailor was embroidered on inner part of the back of collar of Chickimkwan in Nara Women's University, Japan and that of Yamasaki on left inner pocket of Juimkwan in the Independence Hall, Korea. The embroider techniques comprised forming by filler particles according to the design, filling up coiled gold threads and expressing stem with gold threads and spangles. As preemptive study, establishment process of Japanese civil court costume in this study will help understand form characteristics appeared in civil court costume act of Korean Empire.

Constituents of Paulownia tomentosa Stem(III): The Crystal Structure of Methyl 5-Hydroxy-dinaphtho[1,2-2',3]furan-7,12-dione-6-carboxylate

  • Park, Il-Yeong;Kim, Bak-Kwang;Kim, Yang-Bae
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.52-57
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    • 1992
  • The molecular structure of a natural compound was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The compound was isolated by methanol extraction and repeated chromatography from the stem of Paulownia tomentosa. Yellow prismatic crystals of the compound, which were recrystallized from tetrahydrofuran, are triclinic, with a = 7.310 (6), b = 10.753(6), c = 11.586(5) ${\AA}.\;\alpha= 93.30(6),\;\beta=105.62(10),\;\gamma=109.49(7)^\circ,\;D_x=1.514,\;D_m=1.51 g/cm^3$, space group P1 and Z = 2. The structure was solved by direct method, and refined by least-squares procedure to the final R-value of 0.032 for 1271 independent reflections $(F\le3\sigma{(F))}$. The compound is one of new furanquinone analogue. The molecule has a nearly planar conformation with an intramolecular hydrogen bond. In the crystal, the planar molecules are arranged as a prallel sheet-like pattern, and these stackings are stabilized by the O-H...O type intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The other intermolecular contacts appear to be the normal van der Waals interactions.

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The Analysis of the Plant Distributional Pattern in Yugu Stream (Gongju, Chungnam) (유구천(충남, 공주)의 식물 분포 현황분석)

  • Moon, Ae-Ra;Lee, Youl-Kyong;Park, Jeong-Mi;Jang, Chang-Gee
    • Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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    • v.30 no.2
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    • pp.107-120
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    • 2012
  • This study was carried out to illiminate the diversity of vascular plants by making list of rheophyte and hydorphyte plants at Yugu stream. This study was conducted from Aug., 2009 to Sept. 2010 at 7 points. Based on the voucher specimens, vascular plants from investigated areas were 88 families 229 genera 290 species 3 subspecies 30 varieties 5 forms, totally 328 taxa. Korean endemic plants were 3 species such as Forsythia koreana (Rehder) Nakai (planted) and Paulownia coreana Uyeki (planted), and Weigela subsessilis (Nakai) L.H. Bailey. The rare and endangered plants were designated by Korea Forest Service were 4 taxa, such as Penthorum chinense Pursh, Acorus calamus L., Lilium callosum Siebold & Zucc. and Iris ensata var. spontanea (Makino) Nakai. Floristic special plants were totally 26 taxa, which were grade V of 2 taxa, grade IV of 2 taxa and grade III of 9 taxa. Naturalized plants were 27 taxa, that was 8.3% of whole discovered vascular plants in this area. Even naturalized plants has not influence on the vegetation of Yugu stream. Since village was composed along the stream and the roads and banks were linked, naturalized plants were flowed continuously into this region. So, strategy of the conservation for this region should be designed. Based on flora, 3 types of group were discriminated such as main stream type (4 points), branch stream type (2 points) and reservior type (1 point). Each group has difference in composition of plants.

A Study on the Material of Furniture in Goryeo (고려시대 가구재료 연구)

  • Cho, Sook-Kyung
    • Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.19-27
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    • 2014
  • This paper studied the materials of the furniture which the noble men used in Goryeo, based on the furniture material category of solid wood furniture, lacquerware inlaid with mother-of-pearl and hardware. As for the solid wood furniture, the wood and furniture types are inferred based on the documents. The trees used for the wood furniture were zelkova, korean willow, pine, royal paulownia, maidenhair tree, korean pine, chinese juniper and elm. The furniture types were table, chair, wooden bench, small portable table, writing table, and folding screen. As to the types of lacquerware inlaid with mother-of-pearl, most of them were hams with top, which were made of abalone shells. The features of the lacquerware inlaid with mother-of-pearl were in detail and elaborate like the pattern of the full bloomed chrysanthemum. Writing tables were also made of lacquerware as pieces of furniture. Distinctively, the mother-of-pearl furniture material was popular enough to be used even in a horse saddle. Regarding the metal feldspar used as both a practical use and decoration, there are drop handle, hinge, the front basis, and lock seen in the artifacts, which were made of cast iron, bronze, and brass. Their manufacture techniques were eojamoon, bratticing and sheet metal. Through this study of the furniture materials used in Goryeo, it seems that Goryeo furniture focused on the functions rather than on the decorations, and in turn the forms were simple and basic. The technique of mother-of-pearl, a bit elaborate one, was used in the props furniture like kitchen wares, hams, or writing talbes. Probably, the solid wood is inferred to be used in a low wooden bench, a chair, and a table based on the documents.

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Anti-inflammatory Effect of Natural Plant Extracts on in vitro Rumen Fermentation and Methane Emission (천연 식물 추출물의 항염 효과가 in vitro 반추위 발효성상과 메탄 생성에 미치는 영향)

  • Lee, Shin Ja;Lee, Su Kyoung;Lim, Jung Hwa;Son, Chang Jun;Lee, Sung Sill
    • Journal of agriculture & life science
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    • v.51 no.4
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    • pp.97-109
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    • 2017
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effects of anti-inflammatory plant extracts on the in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and methane emission. Anti-inflammatory plant extracts from Morus bombycis Koidz, Mallotus japonicus L., Morus alba L., Paulownia coreana Uyeki, Isodon japonicus Hara and Ginkgo biloba L. were used in the study. The ruminal fluid(5 mL), McDougall buffer(10 mL), timothy as a substrate(0.3 g) and each anti-inflammatory plant extract(5% of substrate) were dispensed anaerobically into 50mL serum bottle. The mixtures were incubated for 3, 9, 12, 24, 48 and 72h at $39^{\circ}C$ without shaking. Supplementation of the anti-inflammatory plant extracts did not effects characteristics(pH, digestibility of dry matter, glucose concentration, ammonia concentration, protein concentration, VFA) on rumen fermentation. Total gas was showed a different pattern depending on treatments. Carbon dioxide was significantly(p<0.05) higher in Morus alba and Isodon japonicus than in control at 48h. Methane was significantly(p<0.05) lower in treatment than in control at initial fermentation. However the more incubation time was increased, the more methane emission was higher in treatment than in control. The concentrations of polyphenol and flavonoid were higher in Ginkgo biloba. In conclusion, supplementation of the anti-inflammatory plant extracts did not effect on rumen fermentation and methane emission was decreased in initial fermentation.