• 한국작물학회지
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• 제68권4호
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• pp.343-370
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• 2023

Developing improved wheat varieties is vital for global food security to meet the rising demand for food. Therefore, assessing the genetic diversity across wheat genotypes is crucial. This study examined the diversity of 168 durum wheat and 47 common wheat collections from 54 different countries using twelve agro-morphological parameters. Geumgang, a prominent Korean common wheat variety, was used as a control. Both qualitative and quantitative agronomical characteristics showed wide variations. Most durum wheats were shown to possess dense spikes (90%), while common wheats showed dense (40%) or loose (38%) spikes, with yellowish-white being the dominant spike color. The majority of the accessions were awned regardless of wheat type, yellowish-white being the main awn color. White or red kernels were produced, with white kernels dominating in both common (74%) and durum (79%) wheats. Days to heading (DH) and days to maturity (DM) were in the ranges of 166-215 and 208-250 days, respectively, while the culm length (CL), spike length (SL), and awn length (AL) were in the ranges of 53.67-163, 5.33-18.67, and 0.50-19.00 cm, respectively. Durum wheats possessed the shortest average DH, DM, and SL, while common wheat had the longest CL and AL (p < 0.05). Common wheats also exhibited the highest average one-thousand-kernel weight. Hierarchical cluster analysis, aided by principal component analysis, grouped the population into seven clusters with significant differences in their quantitative variables (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this research revealed diversity among common and durum wheat genotypes. Notably, 26 durum wheat and 17 common wheat accessions outperformed the control, offering the potential for developing early-maturing, high-yielding, and lodging-resistant wheat varieties.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권12호
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• pp.1783-1790
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• 2007

The genetic diversity of domestic quail and two wild quail species, Japanese （Coturnix coturnix）and Common quail (Coturnix japonica), found in China was studied using microsatellite DNA markers. According to a comparison of the corresponding genetic indices in the three quail populations, such as Polymorphism Information Content (PIC), Mean Heterozygosity ($\bar{H}$) and Fixation Index, wild Common quail possessed rich genetic diversity with 4.67 alleles per site. Its values for PIC and $\bar{H}$ were the highest, 0.5732 and 0.6621, respectively. Domestic quail had the lowest values, 0.5467 and 0.5933, respectively. Wild Japanese quail had little difference in genetic diversity from domestic quail. In addition, from analyses of the fuzzy cluster based on standard genetic distance, the similarity relationship matrix coefficient between wild Japanese quail and domestic quail was 0.937, and that between wild Common quail and domestic quail was 0.783. All of these results showed that the wild Japanese quail were closer to the domestic quail for phylogenetic relationship than wild Common quail. These results at the molecular level provide useful data about quail's genetic background and further supported the hypothesis that the domestic quail originated from the wild Japanese quail.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.89-100
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• 2006

In this paper we prove a common fixed point theorem for compatible maps of type $(\beta)$ on fuzzy metric spaces with arbitrary continuous t-norm.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2006

Common thistle contains water-soluble substances that are phytotoxic to neighboring plant species. A series of aqueous extracts from leaves, stems, roots and flowers of common thistle (Cirsium pendulum Fisch.) were assayed against alfalfa (Medicago sativa) seedlings to determine their allelopathy, and the results showed highest inhibition in the extracts from flowers and leaves, and followed by stems, and roots. The extracts at 40 g dry tissue $L^{-1}(g\;L^{-1})$ applied on filter paper in a Petri-dish significantly inhibited root growth of test plant by 87%. Methanol extracts at 100 g $L^{-1}$ from leaves inhibited root growth of alfalfa and barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) by 89 and 98%, respectively. Hexane and ethylacetate fractions of common thistle reduced alfalfa root growth more than did butanol and water fractions. Incorporation into soil with the leaf residues at $100g\;kg^{-1}$ inhibited shoot fresh weights of barnyardgrass and eclipta (Eclipta prostrate) by 88 and 58%, respectively, showing higher sensitivity in grass species. These results suggest that common thistle plants had allelopathic potential for eco-friendly vegetation management, and that especially their activities were differently exhibited depending on plant part.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.361-374
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• 2011

The cereal grain crops have strong flexibility against adverse environment and they have various functional compounds. The objective of the present study was to screen phenolic compounds in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], foxtail millet (Setaria italica), common millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photodiode array (PDA) detector. Sorghum contained the highest amount of phenolic compounds among three different crops (sorghum, foxtail millet, common millet). Especially Moktaksusu showed the highest amount of phenolic compounds concentrations and biggest regional differences. The comparison of average phenolic compounds in sorghums by regions showed order to Milyang ($963.3\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$), Yeongyang ($923.1\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$), Gijang ($831.3\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$) and Bonghwa ($735.6\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$). Among the sorghum cultivars, Moktaksusu ($1407.9\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$) had the highest concentration of phenolic compounds. The average phenolic compounds of foxtail millets showed similar amount among Milyang ($319.0\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$), Gijang ($288.1\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$) and Bonghwa ($281.9\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$) areas. The phenolic compounds of Yeongyang ($246.6\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$) slightly low and that showed similar concentrations among three different regions. The concentration of phenolic compounds in foxtail millets, Chungchajo ($335.6\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$) showed the highest concentrations. The average phenolic compounds of common millets showed the highest concentrations in Milyang ($305.5\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$), Bonghwa ($262.0\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$), Gijang ($195.1\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$), Yeongyang ($237.2\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$) in decreasing order. The concentration of phenolic compounds of common millets was the highest in the Norangchalgijang ($337.0\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$), Hwanggumgijang ($250.0\;{\mu}g{\cdot}g^{-1}$) was also relatively higher than others. The results of this study will provide basic information for breeding sorghums, foxtail millets and common millets with higher phenolic compound concentrations.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.34-42
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• 2010

돼지풀의 추출물에 의한 잡초의 발아와 토양혼입에 따른 작물 및 잡초의 초기생육을 조사하였다. 돼지풀의 잎 추출물은 줄기 및 뿌리 추출물보다 잡초의 발아를 억제시켰으며, 5%농도에서 돌피, 바랭이 및 금방동사니의 발아율은 각각 23.0, 19.5 및 9.2%로 대조구와 비교하여 각각 68.3, 74.7 및 87.3% 억제되었다. 이러한 경향은 돼지풀의 혼입에 의한 작물과 잡초의 출아율에서도 비슷하게 나타났는데 출아 억제효과는 돌피보다 바랭이와 금방동사니에서 보다 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 돼지풀의 혼입은 콩과 옥수수의 출아에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 돼지풀의 잎 혼입량이 5%까지 증가함에 따라 돌피, 바랭이, 금방동사니의 초장은 대조구와 비교하여 각각 48, 63 및 66% 억제되었다. 돼지풀 혼입에 따른 잡초의 생육으로 돌피, 바랭이 및 금방동사니의 건물중은 대조구와 비교하여 각각 72, 78 및 71% 억제되었다.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.105-114
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• 2003

This paper considers a single facility scheduling problem for the fabrication of components supporting the subsequent assembly into products. Each product consists of two types of components, one is common to all products and the other is unique to itself. The unique components are processed individually and the common components are processed in batches, and a distinct setup is incurred for the production of a batch of common components. Under the so-called “batch availability” environment, we propose an efficient dynamic programming(DP) procedure for the optimal sequencing and batching schedule with minimum total completion times of products in the situation that each product is said to be complete if both common and unique components of the product are finished. Computational results show that the proposed DB procedure is more efficient than the previous work which has considered the same problem as this paper.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1055-1067
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• 2019

In view of the deficiencies of existing weighted similarity indexes, a hierarchical clustering method initialize-expand-merge (IEM) is proposed based on the similarity of common neighbors for community discovery in weighted networks. Firstly, the similarity of the node pair is defined based on the attributes of their common neighbors. Secondly, the most closely related nodes are fast clustered according to their similarity to form initial communities and expand the communities. Finally, communities are merged through maximizing the modularity so as to optimize division results. Experiments are carried out on many weighted networks, which have verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. And results show that IEM is superior to weighted common neighbor (CN), weighted Adamic-Adar (AA) and weighted resources allocation (RA) when using the weighted modularity as evaluation index. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can achieve more reasonable community division for weighted networks compared with cluster-recluster-merge-algorithm (CRMA) algorithm.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.285-300
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• 1996

This study is aimed to provide data of low-input rice cultivation for agricultural policy, to reveal the problems of low-input cultivation through comparing the economic result of low-input cultivation with the common one, to search for solution or mitigation of the problems of low-input cultivation, and to forecast the future prospect of low-input rice cultivation. The following were the results obtained from the survey and analysis. The working hours per 10a inputted 45.4 hours which is 32% more than 34.5 hours of common cultivation. Yield per 10a was 355kg which was 101kg less than 456kg of common cultivation. But the farm received price per kg was 1,984.9 won which was 547.9 won more than 1,436.5 won of common cultivation. Gross receipts per 10a was 704,438 won which was higher than 655,044 won of common cultivation, and management cost was 230,820 won which slightly higher than 188,157 won of common cultivation. Consequently, the income of low-input rice cultivation was 473,617 won which somewhat exceed to 466,887 won of common cultivation.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.105-112
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• 2003

Animals possess a highly sophisticated mechanism of storing energy in adipose tissue inside their bodies. However, in humans it has been clarified that adipocyte (fat cell), which composes the body fat (adipose) tissues, development and the extent of subsequent fat accumulation are closely associated with the occurrence and advancement of various common diseases (e.g., type-2 diabetes, coronary artery disease, and hypertension) resulting from obesity. Recent exciting progress in clinical and biochemical studies of adipocytes has rapidly clarified the functions of adipocytes and adipose tissue. Interesting findings are the function of white adipocytes as "secreting cells" and the molecular mechanism undelying adipocyte differentiation at the transcriptional level in relation to nuclear receptors. Consequently, the adipose tissue is being targeted for the prevention or treatment of many common diseases. In this review, I will focus on recent information on characteristics of adipocytes and the relationship between obesity and common obesity-related diseases. diseases.