• 영어어문교육
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• 제3호
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• pp.71-93
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• 1997

Teachers' beliefs about teaching English are reflected in their practices in the classroom. They influence on the students' attitude to English learning. Any teacher training program expects the trainees to change or modify their existing beliefs and attitude through the new ideas and information introduced by the program toward a desired direction. The present study describes a teacher training program for elementary school English teachers and compares the beliefs of the teachers about teaching English before and after the training. The subjects are the elementary school English teachers around Chungnam area who get a special training of 120 hours during January 1997. The investigation of the subjects' beliefs on English teaching is conducted through examining two journals of each subject before and after the training. The journals show the teachers' inner flow of thought, so teacher trainers are expected to get insight on their general instructional considerations and have implications on the future teacher training program through examining these journals. In addition, the journal writing itself gives the teachers opportunity to reflect their practice and rethink about their beliefs, and develop themselves as professional English teachers.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.111-126
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• 2011

The aim of the present study was to compare child care center directors and teachers' recognition of criteria for class placements, specifically for children who were born in January or February, children's ability, and for mixed-age classes. The subjects were 398 center directors and 383 teachers in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Jeolla-do, Gangwon-do, Choongcheong-do and Gyeongsang-do. Data were analyzed by SPSS 12.0 and the t-test and Chi-square test were used. The results were as follows: (1) Most child care center directors and teachers believed that children born in January or February should share a classroom with classmates of the same age. (2) Most child care center directors and teachers believed that regardless of a child's ability, it was desirable for the child to be in a class with classmates of the same age. (3) Child care center directors thought that the current criteria for teacher-child ratios within a mixed-age classroom were acceptable but should be lowered if the child care center was not experiencing financial problems. Meanwhile, most of the teachers thought that lower teacher-child ratios within a mixed-age classroom was desirable.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.61-82
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to find out the general problems of school food service and to explore a way to improve it, by examining elementary school teacher's consciousness and attitude toward it that gave a big impact on children's development of food habit. For attaining the purpose, the following research questions were posed : 1) What's elementary school teacher attitude toward school food service management? 2) What's elementary school teacher attitude toward school food service effect on children? 3) What's elementary school teacher opinion about how to develop school food service? The subjects of study were 328 male or female teachers who served at elementary school in urban and rural area, including eup, myon, or farming and fishing villages, Kyonggi province. A questionnaire survey was conducted over them. The conclusions were as follows: 1) Teacher Attitude Toward School Food Service Management Concerning food service place, the subjects were more satisfied at food service room(73.3%) than at classroom(23.0%). They responded that food service room was more effective, than classroom, for food transportation, distribution and post-arrangement. Their satisfaction at food service place was significantly different. The older teachers considered personnel management and cooking room's sanitary management to be more efficient, and their age made a significant difference to their consciousness of these things. Many teachers(63.1%) thought the measures to prevent and manage group food poisoning were relatively efficient. The male teachers expressed more affirmative view on the efficiency of school food expense management and menu preparation than female teachers, and there was a significant disparity between male and female teachers. 2) Elementary School Food Service Effect School food service was thought to be very effective for physical growth(74.1%) and physical strength improvement(70.1%). Teachers at smaller school revealed more affirmative response toward school food service effect on correcting an unbalanced diet, and older teachers considered its effect on nutrition knowledge acquisition and learning outcome to be more great. Teachers at larger school put less value on its effect on table manners, and school size produced a significant difference. The number of teachers who thought school food service generally raised parent concern and support for school(36.6%) was a little more than that of teachers who didn't think so(15.2%). And the number of teachers who didn't consider its effect on improving parent food life to be good(29.3%) was slightly more than that of teachers who did. 3) School Food Service Reform Measure What's most urgently needed for better school food service management appeared to be an expansion of facilities concerned, followed by more effective food distribution and transport, cooking room's better sanitary management, more successful food poisoning prevention and management, more effective food expense management, and an increase of food service personnel in the order named. The most effective means of school food service education was found to be a creation of link system to family, followed by a development of school food service education program, a development of teaching materials, an insertion of school food service in curriculum, and teacher education in the order named.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.365-372
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to improve robotics education in public education. This study was conducted with 157 secondary school teachers regardless of their gender, age and majors. The results are as follows: First, 68.2% of the respondents (81.2% of the STEM(Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics)-related teachers) thought that robotics education should be included in public education because it will be a very important area in the future. Second, 73.3% of respondents (89.3% of the STEM-related teachers) agreed that robotics education will be worth teaching as a regular subject. The most important reason was that they thought the robots would be an excellent tool to initiate their class participation and increase their study motivation. Third, the results from this survey showed that the technology teachers would be the best suitable instructors for robotics education. Lastly, teachers felt a great deal of burden to teach robotics although they thought robotics education was necessary. In order to implement robotics education in public school, teachers think it is necessary to take professional training. In addition, teachers should be supported with the reduction in their workload along with sufficient fundings, educational robots such as LEGO MINDSTORMS, and newly designed teaching materials.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.78-90
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• 2008

수업 중 발화의 대부분을 차지하는 것은 교사의 발화이다. 그러나 교사는 항상 교사의 입장에서만 말하는 것이 아니라 학생 발화와 유사한 발화를 통해 학생들의 수업에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 생각되나 이에 대한 연구는 아직 부족한 것이 현실이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이러한 발화 형태를 유사학생발화라 명명하고, 유사학생발화가 다수 관찰될 것으로 예상되는 방송 수업(EBS의 2005학년도 중 1 과학 수업 중 지구과학 부분)을 연구하여 유사학생발화를 '수업 중, 학생 발화와 같은 역할을 하나, 교사를 통해 이루어지는 모든 발화의 통칭'이라 정의하였으며, Lemke(1990)의 학생발화분류를 토대로 연구 대상인 수업 중 나타난 유사학생발화를 교사가 개입하는 형태의 유사학생발화와 교사가 개입하지 않는 유사학생발화로 크게 유사학생발화를 나누고 교사 개입 유사학생발화로 유사 교사-학생 간 협의(Pseudo Teacher-Student Conferences), 유사 삼단계 담화(Pseudo Triadic Dialogue), 유사 교재 활용 담화(Pseudo External Text Dialogue), 유사 학생 질문 담화(Pseudo Student-Questioning Dialogue), 유사 교사-학생 간 담화(Pseudo Teacher-Student Dialogue), 유사 교사-학생 간 토론(Pseudo Teacher-Student Debate), 유사 실 담화(Pseudo True Dialogue), 유사 학생 상호 담화(Pseudo Cross Dialogue), 유사 동료 학생 발화 (Pseudo classmate talk)를, 그리고 교사 미개입 유사학생발화로 유사 학생 독백/유사 수업 중 잡담(Pseudo student monologue/Pseudo side talk)을 분류하였다. 또한 이러한 분류와 함께 각 유사학생발화의 실례를 소개하고 그 특징을 기술하였다.

• 한국학교수학회논문집
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.123-142
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 수업 과정 내지 단계에서 교사의 반성 역할의 의미가 무엇인지 개략적으로 살펴보고, 이에 기초하여 반성을 통한 교사 지식의 확장 과정을 탐색하여 이를 도식화하여 나타내어 보고자 하였다. 또한, 이러한 도식화된 모델을 바탕으로 하여, 교사가 자신의 수업 반성을 통해 수업 개선은 물론 교사 지식의 확장을 이끄는 수업 평가틀을 마련하고자 하였다. 이러한 평가틀은 반성에 초점을 둔 수업 평가틀로서, 교사 자신의 수업 평가를 통하여 교수 개선 및 교사 지식의 확장을 통한 전문성 신장을 이루고자 함이다. 끝으로, 본 연구에서는 이러한 평가틀에 기초하여 교사 자신이 활용 가능한 자기 평가지의 예를 제시하고자 하였다. 다만, 교사 지식의 범위가 방대하므로 여기서는 교과 내용 지식(Subject matter knowledge)을 중심으로 해당 연구 내용을 구체화하고자 하였는데, 이는 교과 내용 지식이야말로 어떻게 가르칠 것인가에 강력한 영향력을 행사하는 주요 요소로서 교수 활동 결정시 가장 직접적인 영향을 주기 때문이다.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.347-360
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of a teacher's questions in each context of musical activity by analyzing those questions in kindergarten music activity qualitatively. The participant in research was a teacher in charge of the class of children aged 7. Analysis was carried out on the data collected for 3 months through participation observance note, recording material, interview material and weekly plan. As a result, the teacher's questions were leaned upon the convergent questions to confirm the reflection of information and the understanding of function in singing and performing activity. On the other hand, the teacher's questions were leaned upon the diffusive questions for the thought of integration of information in composition activity and upon the diffusive questions for representing feeling or image with no relation to musical meaning in appreciation activity. However, the teacher's questions for control were conducted together with one of the questions, the question mentioned ahead. The tacit control question in singing and performing activity and the explicit control question in composition activity were conducted together, and in appreciation activity, the simple questions to lead the class, though not with the purpose to control attention, was conducted together.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.75-89
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to get the more qualified elementary science teacher's guide as a major curriculum material for teachers and to find more improvement suggestions by analyzing of the teachers' perception and using status of it. To examine the problems of this study, 183 teachers from the elementary schools were surveyed by the questionnaire that was developed by researcher, and statistical technique for data analysis was frequency, using SPSS win(version 7.5). Teachers generally thought that the general remarks of the elementary science teacher's guide were helpful to understand elementary science education and the detailed subjects were useful, but teachers less satisfied about 'practice of teaching' of the detailed subjects. The most interested sector of the teachers' was the sector of the teaching methods. The results of this study were that the sector' the methods and evaluation of the elementary science education' of the general remarks and the sector' practice of teaching' of the detailed subjects were mostly interested. So it is necessary to be more detailedly guided when the development of the elementary science teacher's guide are considered.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.226-241
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to elucidate elementary school teachers' pedagogical content knowledge regarding the subject of "weight and pressure in water". 6 elementary teachers in charge of the 6th grade were selected for this study. The 7 hour lessons were observed over $15{\sim}20$ days, and a variety of data including scenarios, questionnaires for teachers, interviews of teachers were analyzed. As a result of this study, teachers who had long career histories thought that the purpose of teaching science was to teach the use of science principles, and teachers who had only taught for a relatively short time thought the purpose was satisfying students' curiosity. Most of the teachers felt that the science content knowledge related to buoyancy was insufficient. They had acquired most of the science content knowledge from teaming experiences in middle and high schools. The pre-service teacher education programs didn't help them to satisfactorily acquire the science content knowledge under analysis here. Most of the teachers taught the science lessons according to the order of sequence as shown in the science textbook. They didn't teach the contents that they thought were needed if they were not already included in the science textbook. Only one teacher who had taken science courses in high school managed the science classes freely according to his own thoughts and opinions. From the results of this research, it could be concluded that most elementary school teachers did not have enough pedagogical content knowledge to teach their students effectively.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.447-458
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 제7차 교육과정 화학II의 화학결합 단원의 학습 어려움에 대한 교사와 학생의 인식 을 살펴보았다. 서울 소재의 1개 학교에서 화학II 수업에 참여한 학생 85명과 교사 1명이 설문에 참여하였고, 그 중의 일부 학생들과 교사를 대상으로 개별 면담을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 화학결합을 구성하는 1) 소단원들 중에서 가장 이해하기 어려운 소단원, 2) 세부내용 중에서 학습했다고 생각되는 내용, 3) 세부 내용 중에서 이 해하지 못했다고 여기는 내용에 있어서, 학생과 교사의 인식이 다르게 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다. 화학결합 의 7개 소단원 중에서 학생들이 가장 어렵게 느끼고 있는 단원은 ‘전기음성도'인 것에 반해, 교사가 가르 치기 어렵다고 생각하는 단원은 ‘분자의 모양'이었다. 또한, 화학결합의 32개 세부내용을 교사는 모두 가르쳤 다고 응답한 반면, 학생들은 몇몇 학습내용은 배우지 않았다고 응답하였다. 마지막으로, 화학 결합의 세부 내 용 중에서 이해하는데 어려움을 보이는 것으로 학생들은 ‘쿨롱의 힘'과 ‘쌍극자 모멘트'를 가장 많이 선택한 반면, 교사는 가르치기 어려운 내용으로 ‘원자간 결합과 분자간 힘의 개념 차이'라고 응답하였다. 본 논문에서 는 교사와 학생간이 인식 차이를 인지하고 학습 상의 어려움을 유발하는 요소를 분석하기 위해 면담 방식을 통해 그 이유를 논의하였고, 이에 향후 연구 방향을 제시하였다.