• 미술이론과 현장
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• 제5호
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• pp.197-215
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• 2007

Yangbanxi("model plays") symbolize the Cultural Revolution(1966~1976) in China. The Eight Model Revolutionary Works include five Chinese Modern Peking Operas, namely, Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy(智取威虎山), Harbor(海港), Shaijabang(沙家浜), The Red Lantern(紅燈記), and Raid on the White Tiger Regiment ; (奇襲白虎團), ballets such as The Red Detachment of Women(紅色娘子軍) and The White-Haired Girl(白毛女) ; and a symphony: Shajiabang(沙家浜). On April 24, 1967, Chinese leaders, including Mao Zedong, saw a performance of The White-Haired Girl. Yanbanxi was performed in Beijing between May 24 and June 15 the same year. The Red Lantern was designated as a work for the proletarian classes by Jiang Qing(Mao Zedong's third wife and the most influential woman in China) and spread nationwide. It was also made into a film to be enjoyed by many people. The modern Chinese operas went a long way in their creation of visual images of revolutionary heroes. The Red Lantern, in particular, came to be regarded as the most representative revolutionary opera. In the course of such a process, Jiang Qing used Yangbanxi as a political tool for compelling the people to worship and pledge their allegiance to Mao in an effort to turn the Cultural Revolution into a class struggle on behalf of her husband. During the Cultural Revolution period, artists were made to associate with workers, farmers and soldiers based on the idea of advocating revolutionary arts for the proletarian classes. The characters in The Rend Lantern were portrayed as heroes from the proletarian classes according to the demands of the era. Chinese leaders set forth the principles of artistic expression, stressing three important factors: politics, heroes, and heroic acts, which were to be applied to all the visual arts, including Yangbanxi. This paper attempts to present a new view of fine arts during the Cultural Revolution in China by focusing on the productive significance of a leading style of a specific era in the past. To that end, this paper sheds light on products made in conformance with political instructions, stressing the importance of revolutionary heroes in The Red Lantern.

• 건축사
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• 통권611호
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• pp.108-111
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• 2020

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.90-111
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• 2021

1795년 윤2월 12일 정조가 친림하여 행한 장용영 외영의 군사 훈련을 그린 <서장대야조도>를 중심으로 장용영 하급 군사들의 위치와 역할, 역할별 군복의 구성과 특징을 고찰하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. <서장대야조도>에서 정조가 자리한 서장대 앞에 2열로 마주보도록 배치된 등롱군·뇌자·순령수·대기수와, 서장대를 둘러싸고 정조를 호위한 군사들은 모두 장용영 소속 하급 군사들이었다. 정조 앞에 배치된[御前前排] 등롱군의 군복은 전립, 흑색 협수, 홍색 괘자, 남색 전대, 백색 제비행전, 흑혜로 고증하였다. 하급 군사들의 협수는 기존 학계에 알려진 관직자들의 무가 있는 협수와는 달리 소창의형 협수일 가능성을 제시하였다. 등롱군은 칼을 차고 손에는 홍사촉롱을 들었다. 뇌자는 신전수와 주장수가 있었다. 왕 앞에 배치된 뇌자의 군복은 주전립, 흑색 협수, 홍색 괘자, 남색 전대, 백색 제비행전, 흑혜로 고증하였다. 뇌자는 칼을 차고 신전기 또는 주장을 들었다. 왕 앞에 배치된 순령수는 순시기수와 영기수가 있었다. 순령수의 군복은 전건, 흑색 협수, 홍색 괘자, 남색 전대, 백색 제비행전, 흑혜로 고증하였다. 순령수는 칼을 차고 홍순시기 또는 홍령기를 들었다. 왕 앞에 배치된 대기수의 군복은 전건, 흑색 협수, 청색 괘자, 남색 전대, 백색 제비행전, 흑혜로 고증하였다. 왕 앞에 배치되는 다른 군사들과 달리 대기수는 정조대에 와서야 왕 앞에 배치됨으로써 괘자의 색상이 청색인 점이 달랐다. 대기수는 칼을 차고 대기치를 들었다. 서장대를 둘러싼 군사들은 전초군과 좌초군이었고, 성곽을 방어하는 군사들은 좌·우·전·후 초군으로 보았다. 초군의 군복은 전립, 흑색 협수, 호의, 남색 전대, 백색 제비행전, 짚신으로 고증하였다. 호의는 방위에 따른 색을 사용하였기에 좌초군은 청색, 우초군은 백색, 전초군은 홍색, 후초군은 흑색이었다. 초군이 소지하는 무기는 조총과 칼이었다. 성정군들은 조총과 칼 외에도 훈련 상황에 따라 횃불이나 등이 달린 기창을 들기도 하였다. 이상의 고증 결과를 반영한 시각화의 기본 원칙은 3D 콘텐츠 제작뿐만 아니라 실물 제작까지 가능하도록 시대와 신분에 적합한 형태·색상·재질 기준을 제안하였다. 역할별 복식 착장도에 무기와 군기(軍器)를 갖춘 앞·옆·뒤 모습으로 표현하고 색상을 RGB와 CMYK로 제안하였다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제38권10호
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• pp.1327-1332
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• 2014

This paper presents information about the examples of the design on Illumination of Structures(LED Light Pipe for lighthouse) in Korea. We have applied illumination by flood-lighting or facade-lighting in place of the 57 lighthouses (offshore structures) and 4 beacons. The ways of illumination of structures are using direct illumination with LED, halogen lamps and metal halide lamps, and indirect illumination with LED non-neon lamps. The illumination of structures helps a observer to identify the Aids to Navigation and w aterway. The fabricated LED Light Pipe is a transparent acrylic round bar and easy to install. The Light Pipe is arranged in two rows of L ED (78ea). It can be connected in series. It has 4 colours(Red, Green, Yellow, White). We analyzed and the horizontal divergence angle of the LED light pipe is defined as the range with 50% of maximum luminous intensity. Also, we evaluated the conspicuity on the origin al lantern and LED Light pipe for lighthouse. The field experiment was conducted in 'Yeosuguhang lighthouse' in Yeosu-city (Korea). F rom the experimental results, it was confirmed that the fabricated LED Light Pipe is clearly distinguished.

• 복식
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.108-123
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• 2006

This Study is about the color images oi clothes in the early 20th century in the Eastern and Western culture and the recreation of this color images through modern costume design in film. The aim of this study is to show how early 20th century color has born reinterpreted through present film costumes and how different cultural perspectives can influence color images. For the purposes of this study, 30 pictures of clothing, representative of the early 20th century, as well as films which have been internationally recognized for their costume design and strong cultural identity('Farewell M) 'Concubine', 'Raise the Red Lantern', 'Chicago' and 'The English Patient') were chosen and analyzed. The color image of these photographs and scenes from the movies were divided by Pantone Solid Chips and categorized by color groups such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, neutral and metallic. The analysis results of the color images in the early 20th century showed that the red group was used a lot in both cultures and the orange group was more often used in the West. In regards to the yellow group, goldish yellow were commonly used in the West but pale yellow was preferred in the East. The green group more used In the West but the blue group appears more in the East. Also, there were differences in color combination, texture and technique which demonstrates different cultural color recognition and association. In the case of film color image, present color image was added to past color image. In the West, color was used as a tool for visualizing the state of characters' mind and the mood of movies' story but in the East color image was intended to make the character stand out by changing the value and chroma. By comparing the color image of clothes from the early 20th century and color image from film in the West and the East, it is possible to analyze the cultural symbolic image of color. This study is one of first trials to analyze the cultural differences in rotor images and their symbolic meaning. Thus, further studies should persue to find out the influence of culture on the rotor image in terms of specific quantity and quality.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2012

The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of traditionality expressions at modernized Chinese restaurant in Hong Kong. As a case study, the study examined 12 modernized Chinese restaurants in Hong Kong. The gathered data were categorized and examined according to the ways of traditionality expressions, which included reproduction, transformation, and reinterpretation of traditional components. Each of the components was measured for the amount of traditional or modernity expression on a five-point scale. The five-point scoring system put an emphasis on heritage; 1 point was given to principal modernity(modernity: 90-100% + tradition: 0-10%), 2 points were given to principal modernity + auxiliary tradition(modernity: 70-90% + tradition: 10-30%), 3 points were given to the same ratio between tradition and modernity(modernity: 40-60% + tradition: 40-60%), 4 points were given to principal tradition + auxiliary modernity(modernity: 10-30% + tradition: 70-90%), and 5 points were given to principal tradition(modernity: 0-10% + tradition: 90-100%). The analysis performed according to those criteria and methodologies led to the following findings and conclusions: Traditional components were most reproduced in the ornaments placed all over the restaurant and applied to the chirography of the restaurant logos, walls, and windows/doors in a big number. The methodology of transforming tradition was evenly applied to each of the spatial components. With the most transformations occurring to the lattices, there were many different ways to transform tradition including the partition, chirography, pattern, red lantern, furniture and ornament, and traditional materials that were turned into modern ones. Few examples of reinterpreting tradition were observed in the restaurant titles, inside floors, and ceilings, but plenty of examples were found in the walls, windows/doors, lighting, and furniture in a range of ways. Most of them reinterpreted the traditional forms and added altered patterns to them to remind customers of tradition. In short, all of the three ways of expressing tradition were actively applied to each component in an array of ways.