• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.105-116
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• 2021

하브루타 교육은 짝을 지어 대화하고 토론하고 논쟁하는 방식의 질문 중심 교육이며, 특히 명화 하브루타는 명화에 대한 질문과 답변을 통해 그림의 감상 능력을 증진하고 표현력을 풍부하게 하기 위한 목적으로 시행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 동양화를 대상으로 한 명화 하브루타를 지원하기 위해, 최신 딥러닝 기술을 활용하여 동양화 등장인물의 성별 관점에서 질문을 자동으로 생성하는 방안을 제시한다. 구체적으로 본 연구에서는 사전학습모델인 VGG16을 바탕으로 동양화 인물 중심의 미세조정을 수행하여 동양화의 인물 분석을 효과적으로 수행할 수 있는 모델을 제안한다. 또한 질문의 유형을 명화 하브루타에서 사용되는 사실 질문, 상상 질문, 그리고 적용 질문의 3가지 유형으로 분류하고, 각 질문을 등장인물에 따라 세분화하여 총 9가지의 질문 패턴을 도출하였다. 제안 방법론의 활용 가능성을 확인하기 위해 실제 동양화의 등장인물 300건을 분석한 실험을 수행하였으며, 실험 결과 제안 방법론에 따른 성별 분류 모델이 기존 모델에 비해 높은 정확도를 나타냄을 확인하였다.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.64-74
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• 2003

Objectives : To evaluate the properness and effectiveness of the question categories concerning 'total physiognomy', used in Iksan Wonkwang Oriental Medicine. Methods: We statistically analyzed data from those 1335 patients focussing on 'relative discrimination ability' to sasang constructions and 'response ratio'. Patients included in this research are only those who had been well treated in Iksan Wonkwang Oriental Medicine during the Period of three years from 2000 to 2002. The data are obtained through the electronic chart developed by Kim Jong-Yeol, and analyzed using the statistical Package SPSS. Results: The first category for discriminating Taeum type, 'heavy and looking steady', has more discriminating power and effectiveness among women than men, and especially in wemen with an age of 21 or more. The second category for discriminating Soeum type, 'delicate and modest', is more discriminating and effective among men than women, and mostly among men with ages 21-40. The third category for Soyang type, 'fast and brave', is almost equally discriminating and effective to both women and men, especially among women with ages 40 or less and among men with ages 21 or more. Finally, the forth category for discriminating Taeyang type, 'progressive', is neither discriminating nor effective among most the women than men in all age groups. Conclusions: The definition of 'relative discriminating power of constitution' and 'response ratio' are well evaluating the properness and effectiveness of the question categories regarding 'total physiognomy'. The first category is most discriminating and effective among women with ages 20 or less, and the second among 21-40 year old men, the third among women with ages 40 or less and among men with ages 21 or over. The forth category is neither discriminating nor effective.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2016

This study was analyzed to provide fundamental data of food safety education way on the recognition, knowledge and purchase attitude of GMO foods. Data was collected from 270 University students in the Gyeong-gi region through a self-administered questionnaire. According to the results of the reliability and factor analysis, the knowledge and purchase attitude of GMO foods showed 0.742 and 0.832 in Cronbach alpha coefficient, 0.791 and 0.831 in KMO. There were significant differences in the recognition and intake possibility and purchase will, safety and absorption to a GMO foods between the specialty person and non-specialist (p<0.05). By the kind of GMO foods it appeared highly by the order corn (70.0%), tomato (67.5%), beans (63.3%) and potato (51.3%). There were significant differences in the general knowledge of GMO foods (p<0.05), whereas no significant differences in question 'There were no genes in ordinary beans' by a presence of a specialty (p>0.05). After the purchase attitude difference to the GMO foods was analyzed by a presence of a specialty, I appeared most highly in the question to which I say 'I think a GMO foods is ethical.' by a negative question and 'I think a GMO foods is mass-produced, and it's possible to make a food problem decrease.' by an affirmative question. Therefore, the purchase attitude of GMO foods showed a significant differences of University students according to their major (p<0.05). Based on this study, it is considered that provision of detailed and continuous education must be accomplished by raising the recognition of GMO foods and its acceptance level, allowing a proper understanding of GMO foods to be conveyed and assisting subjects from receiving the information they desire effectively by various education mediums.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.432-441
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• 2002

최근 인터넷상의 정보를 가공하여 사용자에게 효율적으로 제공하는 서비스들이 많아지고 있지만, 컴퓨터에 익숙하지 않은 사용자들은 이러한 서비스를 쉽게 이용하지 못하기 때문에 사용자들을 돕는 시스템이 필요하다. 예를 들어, 웹사이트의 경우 전자우편을 통한 사용자들의 질문에 대해 관리자가 직접 답을 해줘야 하는데, 사용자의 증가로 질의응답 업무의 양이 커지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이를 해결하기 위하여 사용자의 질의를 자동으로 분류하여 응답하고 사용자가 FAQ를 개념적으로 브라우징할 수 있도록 하는 시스템을 제안한다. 이 시스템은 다양한 크기의 질의 메일을 정형화된 크기로 만들기 위한 키워드 클러스터링 자기구성 지도(SOM)와 이를 실제 해당 답변 클래스로 분류하는 전자 우편 분류 SOM의 이단계 구조로 구성되어 사용자의 질의에 해당하는 답변을 자동으로 전송할 수 있으며, 사용자가 이차원상에 표현된 문서 지도를 이용하여 쉽게 전체 자료의 분포를 파악하여 검색할 수 있다. 실제 한 달간 수집한 2,206개의 한메일넷 질의 데이터에 대한 실험 결과, 95%의 분류율을 보여 그 유용성을 볼 수 있었으며, 단계별 검색이 가능하여 사용자가 효율적으로 검색할 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2023

최근 자연어 처리(NLP) 기술, 특히 ChatGPT를 비롯한 거대 언어 모델(LLM)의 발전으로 특정 전문지식에 대한 질의응답(QA) 시스템의 연구개발이 활발하다. 본 논문에서는 거대언어모델과 문서검색 알고리즘을 활용하여 한국원자력연구원(KAERI)의 규정 등 다양한 문서를 이해하고 사용자의 질문에 답변하는 시스템의 동작 원리에 대해서 설명한다. 먼저, 다수의 문서를 검색과 분석이 용이하도록 전처리하고, 문서의 내용을 언어모델에서 처리할 수 있는 길이의 단락으로 나눈다. 각 단락의 내용을 임베딩 모델을 활용하여 벡터로 변환하여 데이터베이스에 저장하고, 사용자의 질문에서 추출한 벡터와 비교하여 질문의 내용과 가장 관련이 있는 내용들을 추출한다. 추출된 단락과 질문을 언어 생성 모델의 입력으로 사용하여 답변을 생성한다. 본 시스템을 내부 규정과 관련된 다양한 질문으로 테스트해본 결과 복잡한 규정에 대하여 질문의 의도를 이해하고, 사용자에게 빠르고 정확하게 답변을 제공할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 컴퓨터교육학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2019

플립러닝 방식의 프로그래밍 언어 학습 시스템에서 사이버 강의에 대한 평가는 일반적으로 온라인에서 객관식 문제로 진행된다. 이때 출제되는 문제는 문제은행에서 랜덤하게 추출하여 학습자 개개인에게 주어진다. 이러한 평가 결과가 성적에 반영되기 위해서는 시험 문제의 형평성이 무엇보다 중요하다. 특히 프로그래밍 언어 과목에서는 문제의 유형에 따라 학습자가 생각하는 난이도가 서로 다를 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 객관식 문제의 유형을 2가지로 분류하여, 각 유형별로 난이도를 관리한다. 그리고 문제의 난이도와 유형을 함께 고려한 문제 출제 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 제시된 알고리즘은 프로그래밍 언어 과목의 특성을 고려할 때 기존의 출제 방식에 비해 보다 공정하고 효율적임을 실험을 통해 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.194-204
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between types and sources of background knowledges of elementary preteachers' questions about astronomy contents in the elementary science text books. Data were extracted from the preteachers' classes established in a university of education. The results are as follows. First, right background knowledges of questions were found in about 58% questions, wrong background knowledges 15%, and no background knowledges 26%. Second, it was found that 'school' as a source of background knowledges was found in 29% questions, 'friend' 21%, 'internet' 14%, 'book reading' 12%, 'others' 9%, 'TV' 7%, 'institute' 4%. In case of the type that right background knowledges have casual relation or correlation with question contents, 'book reading' and 'TV' sources rate increased, but 'internet' and 'others' decreased when compared to total questions. In the type which background knowledges are right and did not have casual relation or correlation with question contents, 'internet' source rate increased and 'friend' decreased. In case of the type that wrong background knowledges do not have casual relation or correlation with question contents, 'friend' and 'TV' sources rate increased, but 'school' and 'book reading' decreased. The type which background knowledges are right and did not have casual relation or correlation with question contents, 'internet' source rate increased and 'friend' decreased. In case of the type of no background knowledges, 'TV' and 'institute' source rate increased, but 'internet' and 'book reading' decreased. Third, the questions in 'Earth and Moon' unit have little background knowledges. The questions in 'solar system and stars' have background knowledges with no relation to the questions. Especially, in the unit 'changes of seasons', right background knowledges were found in more than half questions, but the contents of questions and background knowledges were not connected scientifically.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.133-142
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• 2022

Objectives: This study was conducted by clinical dentistry hygienists to develop knowledge measurement tools and evaluate knowledge necessary to cope with emergencies related to systemic diseases occurring in dentistry. Methods: Basic questions were developed on the six most frequently occurring diseases in the dental office: diabetes, syncope, respiratory disease, coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease, and epilepsy. Fifty-eight preliminary questions were composed in a survey format through expert validation. The survey was then conducted on 290 dental hygienists to verify the composition validity and reliability. Factor and reliability analyses were performed using the SPSS 23.0 program, and the correct answer rate for each question was calculated. Results: 49 items of a total of 13 factors were adopted as the final items for signs, symptoms, prevention and treatment of five diseases. The question with the highest percentage of correct answers for each question was "Slowly set up the unit chair when raising the patient"(97.9%) during the prevention of unconsciousness and question with the lowest correct answer rate was "soft substances such as cloth should be put in the mouth to prevent trauma while the seizure persists" (16.6%). Conclusions: A total of 49 questions have been developed as tools to measure the knowledge of dental hygienists' first aid related to systemic diseases and it is expected that related curriculum can be operated or evaluated by using them.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.47-56
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• 1982

Korean versions of British Medical Research Council (MRC), Cornell Medical Index(CMI), and American Thoracic Society 78 (ATS-DLD-78) respiratory questionaires were compared with each other, and were tested the stability, in terms of test-retest reliability, of each questions by self-administration of those to 156 medical students. The results obtained and conclusions drawn are as follow: 1. The degree of agreements between responses to the comparable questions of CMI vs MRC, and of CMI vs ATS-DLD-78 were not satisfactory. There were, however, $71{\sim}100$ per cent of agreement between responses to the questions on Cough, Wheezing, Phlegm, Breathlessness, and Chest illness of ATS-DLD-78 vs MRC questionaire. And the ATS-DLD-78 tended to yield greater number of positive responses than MRC (See Table 4). 2. All of the coefficient of stability of each questions in 3 questionaires were statistically significant, ranged $77{\sim}100$ per cent, except that of the question on episode of cough and phlegm in ATS-DLD-78 questionaire (See Table 5-1). The question is composed of two collateral conditions, 'lasting for 3 weeks or more' and 'each year'. 3. It can be insisted that the Section-B questions of CMI is not proper for use in epidemiologic survey on respiratory illness. And rather than MRC, the ATS-DLD-78 questionaire deserves to prefer to be used in epidemiologic studies on respiratory illness. 4. In question-wording, especially, of inquiring past experience, it is possible to lessen the reliability of the question that including collateral conditions such as 'the duration lasted of symptoms', and moreover, of which words are not common usage. For example, for Korean '10days' or 'half a month' is more familiar time unit rather than 'week'.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.186-198
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• 2000

With the improvement of the nutritive conditions and the influence of overflowing informations and various cultural aspects imported from foreign countries, children develop more rapidly in the bodily and sexual growth. This study was conducted to suggest some ideas useful in planning sexual education program in elementary schools and ultimate aim is to promote sexual health. The subject of this survey consisted of 802 fourth, fifth, sixth graders from 6 schools in Seoul, Hongchon and Chunchon. Major findings are summarized as follows. 1. The degree of sexual knowledge of children showed low averaged 26.96 and the degree of sexual attitude showed usual averaged 55.70. 2. With the respect to the demographic characteristics, there were stastically significant differences in sexual knowledge, according to children's grade(F=64.031, p=. 000), father's education(t=-2.504, p=.013), experience of menarche(t=3.470, p=.001), experience of sex-related question to their parents(t=-.6054, p=.000), experience of sex-related question to the teachers (t= -3.385, p=.001), experience of sexual education(t=8.607, p=.000) and in sexual attitude, there were stastically significant differences according to children's grade (F=6.588, p=.001), experience of sex- related question to their parents(t=-5.387, p=.000), experience of sex-related question to the teachers(t=-2.845, p=.005), experience of sexual education(t=5.070, p=.000). 3. The level of sexual knowledge and sexual attitude of childrens'was correlated at significant level(r=.354, p=.000) The findings of this study indicated that variety of the systematic sexual education program suitable for the stage of children should be developed and family, society, contry's higher concern and enlightment are required.