• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.67-79
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• 2016

This study aims to present the necessary elements that should be part of South Korea's National Defense Strategy against the recent North Korean cyber-attacks. The elements proposed in this study also reflect the recent trend of cyber-attack incidents that are happening in the Unites States and other countries and have been classified into the three levels of cyber incidents: cyberwarfare, cyberterrorism and cybercrime. As such, the elements proposed are presented in accordance with this classification system. In order to properly take into account the recent trend of cyber-attacks perpetrated by North Korea, this paper analyzed the characteristics of recent North Korean cyber-attacks as well as the countermeasures and responses of South Korea. Moreover, by making use of case studies of cyber-attack incidents by foreign nations that threaten national security, the response measures at a national level can be deduced and applied as in this study. Thus, the authors of this study hope that the newly proposed elements here within will help to strengthen the level of Korea's cyber security against foreign attacks, specifically that of North Korea such as the KHNP hacking incidents and so on. It is hoped that further damage such as leakage of confidential information, invasion of privacy and physical intimidation can be mitigated.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.218-227
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• 1992

What is Deconstruction which is now the focus of the current architectural discussion? In order to know the Deconstruction properly, we should review the background of Modernism and Post-Modernism in architecture. As we know, the 1968's serial uprisings of democratic movement in Paris changed human concepts about art dramatically. As the result of that movement new ideas such as Structuralism, Post-structuralism, Deconstruction, and Semiotics arose. In architecture some ideas like construotioniem were not practised fully in 1920's and only the Modernism has been realized as the idea expressing the modern Utopia. In Korea situation to interprete architectural ideas into real buildings are different from those of other developed countries. Korean architects are seemed to use Deconstructionist vocabularies as fashionable styles without being concious of the root and history of Deconstruction. For Koreans the contexts are different. Although Modernism and Functionalism have been practised vigorously in Korea as other countries, the situations are ambiguous and complicated in applying new ideas introduced after Moderism. So they are in chaos. What could be our orthodox ideology to be worth pursuing in arthitecture? There are several sample works of Deconstruction in Korea done by Jo, Geon young, Kim, In Chul and Bae Byung-Gil. Aithough their works cannot be interpreted as real Deconstruction in European or american view-points, I think they are good examples of Korean Deconstruction that express contemporary Korean architecture and its social background.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.41-58
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• 2009

Historically the relation between the power and archives is inseparable. Archives are the recorded traces of political actions and an intention of power has a considerable effect on the existence of archives. In the democratic society the power serves people on the basis of the archives adopted as an evidence of political actions. Archives play an important role for the balance of power, which is a principle point of democracy. Considering the function and symbolism of archives, its proper and reasonable management is connected directly to the protection of people's rights.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.87-93
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• 2008

In order to manage national environment effectively, one has to understand its ecological traits. The difference of temperature determines ecological traits of each respective region. In other words, temperature differentials on surface make a great impact on botanical structure. Currently, isothermal data-produced by meteorological stations based upon time series analysis-are widely used to plan and manage national environment. Nonetheless, the isothermal data do not reflect real surface temperature of regions. Because of numerous mountainous terrains in the Korean peninsula where temperature varies widely according to altitude, the range of temperature distribution-that reflects altitudinal change-has to be paid special attention. This study aims at expressing in space isothermal distribution that is necessary to plan and manage national environment effectively. In addition, not just South Korea, but also North Korea was included for isothermal distribution. As a result, this study corrected established isothermal lines up to date and demonstrated that altitude, latitude, and distance from coastal lines greatly influence temperature distribution of the Korean peninsula.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.146-158
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• 2023

Smart City is gaining attention with the advancement of Information and Communication Technology (ICT). ICT provides the basis for smart city foundation; enables us to interconnect all the actors of a smart city by supporting the provision of seamless ubiquitous services and Internet of Things. On the other hand, Crowdsourcing has the ability to enable citizens to participate in social and economic development of the city and share their contribution and knowledge while increasing their socio-economic welfare. This paper proposed a hybrid model which is a compound of human computation, machine computation and citizen crowds. This proposed hybrid model uses knowledge-based crowdsourcing that captures collaborative and collective intelligence from the citizen crowds to form democratic knowledge space, which provision solutions in areas of civic innovations. This paper also proposed knowledge-based crowdsourcing framework which manages knowledge activities in the form of human computation tasks and eliminates the complexity of human computation task creation, execution, refinement, quality control and manage knowledge space. The knowledge activities in the form of human computation tasks provide support to existing crowdsourcing system to align their task execution order optimally.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.289-301
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• 2013

We analyze respondents' reaction to Obama's advertisement, titled 'Fix the Economy'. These respondents are divided into three groups of democratic party, republican party and independent group. By manipulating the skin complexion of the Obama photo, participants were either exposed to the dark or light version of the Obama photograph. In order to obtain decorrelated stationary data, we have applied the discrete Fourier transform to each curve and then we have applied Fan (1998)'s adaptive Neyman test to the discrete Fourier transformed data. As a result, a significant difference is found out only in the independent group.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.162-171
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to examine the mediation of ego-resilience in the relationship between social capital and safety awareness safety pursuit behavior of adult learners in order to provide a basis for planning safety education to improve the safety behaviors. The participants were 162 adult learners who participated in the "Go to find safety classroom of citizens" in Changwon city. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires and analyzed with the SPSS-WIN 20.0 program. As a results, first, the mean score for social capital was 3.36(social confidence 3.38, reciprocal norms 3.29, networks 3.22, democratic citizen awareness 3.56), ego-resilience 3.57. Second, social capital was significant correlation ego-resilience(r=.63, p<.001) and safety awareness safety pursuit behavior(r=.44, p<.001). Third, ego-resilience was significant correlation safety awareness safety pursuit behavior(r=.54, p<.001). Forth, ego-resilience had a partial mediating effect in the relationship between social capital and safety awareness safety pursuit behavior. Based on these findings of this study, safety education focusing on ego-resilience and social capital improvement are highly recommended to promote safety behavior in adult learners.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.33-44
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• 2015

A total of 34 species belonging to 11 families and 21 genera in the Order Mestostigmata are reported from the Korean Peninsula, of which 20/34 species are new for the fauna of the Korean Peninsula (Lasioseius furcisetus Athias-Henriot, 1959, Cheiroseius nepalensis Evans & Hyatt, 1960, Cheiroseius curtipes (Halbert, 1923), Hypoaspis imitatus Reitblat, 1963, Hypoaspis presternalis Willmann, 1949, Hypoaspis kargi Costa, 1968, Pseudoparasitus placentulus (Berlese, 1887), Gamasiphis novipulchellus Ma & Yin, 1998, Parholaspulus bregetovaae Alexandrov, 1965, Parholaspulus paradichaetes Petrova, 1967, Neparholaspis arcuatus Petrova, 1977, Neparholaspus simplex Evans, 1956, Parholaspulus excentricus Petrova, 1967, Gamasholapis asiaticus Petrova, 1967, Veigaia carpillaris Tseng, 1994, Veigaia anmashanensis Tseng, 1994, Leptogamasus bicorniger Witalinski, 1977, Neogamasus insignis (Holzman, 1969), Iphidinychus kakumeiensis Hiramatsu & Hirschmann, 1992, Trigonuropoda sanguinea Hirschmann & Hiramatsu, 1977). A total of 19 of the previously unreported species were collected in soil samples from the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), while 13 species were collected from soil samples from the Republic of Korea (ROK). Only two species were found in both the DPRK and the ROK. Illustrations and short descriptions for previously unreported species provided.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.726-731
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• 2015

There are big differences in dental education system between South Korea and North Korea. In North Korea, there is no college of dentistry and official license system and thus, dentists can treat a patient right after graduation from medical school. There are also positions such as paradentists capable of providing dental treatments, whereas such positions do not exist in South Korea. In this regards, in order to get ready for the United Korea, we need to establish a system designed to complement the differences in dentistry education and license system between South and North Korea. Such system would help to minimize the social cost in relation to the unification in near future.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.53 no.10
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• pp.712-725
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• 2015

The clinical dentistry system and research tendency of dentistry in North Korea has a difference with South Korea. In North Korea, preventive dentistry has been developed, and government of North Korea clame a free medical service to all the people. And there are tendency that Korean medicine(Oriental medicine) is applied to clinical dentistry in North Korea. Research tendency of dentistry in North Korea have a difference from South Korea. Articles of dentistry in North Korea have some freatures. Terminology of dentistry is writtened in original Korean developed uniquely in North Korea. Recent articles of dentistry in North Korea have a reference from english articles, and it is different that reference articles in the past were from Chinese or Russian articles. In order to get ready for the United Korea, we need to know the feature of dentistry in North Korea, and increase an academic exchange between South and North Korea.