• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.70-80
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyze the interior color characteristics of elderly housing facilities in U. S. A. For this purpose, a field survey was conducted between July 23 and July 31, 2003, visiting 10 elderly housing facilities in Contra Costa County, California. A three step analysis of the facilities involved. First, floor, walls, ceilings, base boards and doors in common spaces were examined for the color scheme using the "Pantone for Fashion and Home Color Guide" for each room. Measured Pantone numbers were converted to RGB color using "Chooser 3.0 of Pantone, Inc." Finally, the conversions were recorded as Munsell numbers. The results are as follows: First, the colors chosen for American elderly housing are high value and low chromatic colors. In many facilities, analogue colors such as BG, B, BP and Y, YR R, RP are used. Second, the colors of ceiling and wall are mainly very bright and low chromatic colors. The colors of floor are undertaking an Important role by generating major atmosphere in the America elderly housing. Third, the colors used for elderly housing are found inter-related. For example, the main color in the lobby is also used from corridor to stair and used again from lounge to dinning room as a secondary color. Fourth, it is found that accent colors are used at the beginning and end of stair and corridor outskirts in consideration of physical condition of elderly people. Fifth, there is no difference in color selection between elderly housing with low and high rental value. Preferably, more versatile colors are being chosen for elderly housing with the low rental value.he low rental value.

• 한국광학회지
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.232-238
• /
• 2000

백색 시준광의 시준 정도로 정밀하게 측정하기 위하여 두 직선격자나 원형격자에 의한 버니어(vernier) 무아레 무늬를 이용하는 새로운 시준 방법을 제안하였다. 버니아 무아레 무늬의 피치 간격을 측정함으로써 렌즈의 초점 종이동 오차($\Deltaf$), 발산각($\theta$) 및 종색수차 $(L_{ch})$ 를 구하였다. 초점 길이가 120.0mm이고 F/2.4인 렌즈를 사용하여 측정한 결과 $\Deltaf$=2.19mm이고 $\theta$=mm이고 F/1.6 그리고 아베수가 64.1인 렌즈의 종색수차를 버니어 무아레 무늬를 이용하여 측정하였다. 자동초점방법을 이용하여 측정한 결과,$L_{ch}=1.58mm(\pm0.01mm)$와 무아레 간섭법을 이용하여 측정한 결과인 1.59mm($\pm$0.1mm)와 거의 일치함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
• /
• 제15권10호
• /
• pp.59-70
• /
• 2010

모바일폰이나 디지털 카메라에서 사용하는 영상 센서의 수광 소자는 한 가지 색만을 기록하는 베이어 패턴이기 때문에 각각의 화소들은 여러 개의컬러 중에서단 하나만의 컬러에 대한 화소값을얻게 된다. 잃어버린화소의 정보는 CFA(Color Filter Array)를 이용하여 그 주위의 화소에 대한 정보를 이용함으로 완전한 컬러 영상을 추론한다. 본 논문은 영상 센서의 수광 소자로부터 획득한 데이터의 평균과 각 컬러 채널 데이터 평균 사이의 관계를 유도하고, 이 관계를 이용하여 색상 보간을 위한 효율적인 에지 컬러 퍼지 보간 방법을 제안하였다. 또한 휘도 신호 채널의 보간은 컬러 노이즈를 감소하고 효율적인 보간을 위해 에지 방향에 따라 퍼지 보간을 하였다. 그리고 본 논문에서 PSNR을 이용하여 제안된 방법이 기존 방법보다 평균 2.4dB 정도 개선됨을 증명하였으며, 시각적으로 원영상의 해상도와 유사한 수준이며, 기존 알고리즘의 영상보다 색수차가 감소된 것을 실험 결과를 통하여 확인하였다.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.78-84
• /
• 2012

An in-situ optical monitoring method for real-time process monitoring of electrochemical copper deposition (CED) is presented. Process variables to be controlled in achieving desired process results are numerous in the CED process, and the importance of the chemical bath conditions cannot be overemphasized for a successful process. Conventional monitoring of the chemical solution for CED relies on the pH value of the solution, electrical voltage level for the reduction of metal cations, and gravity measurement by immersing sensors into a plating bath. We propose a nonintrusive optical monitoring technique using three types of optical sensors such as chromatic sensors and UV/VIS spectroscopy sensors as potential candidates as a feasible optical monitoring method. By monitoring the color of the plating solution in the bath, we revealed that optically acquired information is strongly related to the thickness of the deposited copper on the wafers, and that the chromatic information is inversely proportional to the ratio of $Cu$ (111) and {$Cu$ (111)+$Cu$ (200)}, which can used to measure the quality of the chemical solution for electrochemical copper deposition in advanced interconnection technology.

• 한국해양공학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.16-23
• /
• 2009

The three-dimensional ship motion with forward speed was solved by a finite element method in the time domain. A boundary value problem was described in the frame of a fixed-body reference, and the problem was formulated according to Double-Body and Neumann-Kelvin linearizations. Laplace's equation with boundary conditions was solved by a classical finite element method based on the weak formulation. Chebyshev filtering was used to get rid of an unwanted saw-tooth wave and a wave damping zone was adopted to impose a numerical radiation condition. The time marching of the free surface was performed by the 4th order Adams-Bashforth-Moulton method. Wigley I and Wigely III models were considered for numerical validation. The hydrodynamic coefficients and wave exciting forces were validated by a comparison with experimental data and the numerical results of the Wigley I. The effects of the linearization are also discussed. The motion RAO was also checked with a Wigley III model through mono-chromatic and multi-chromatic regular waves.

• 한국연초학회지
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 1996

Field experiment was conducted to get the basic information about the difference in color and plastid pigments at the different stage of harvest of flue-cured tobacco cultivated in paddy field, and compared to upland ones. All tested crops were primed in lots of 3 to 4 at each priming, beginning at the bottom of the plant. Leaf pigments and chromatic values of tobacco leaves were determined in samples collected at weekly intervals, and according to analyses obtained from 4 stalk positions. By the degree of maturity, leaves harvested were separated with visual characters into four classes of immature, mature, ripe and mellow. regardless of stalk position, chlorophyll contents was higher in the order of immature > mature > ripe > mellow, respectively. In fresh leaves, chlorophyll levels was higher with ascending stalk position. chlorophyll a and b in cured leaves were less than 10% of the amount present at harvest, and it was estimated that maturity condition also influenced the rates of degradation of plastid pigments. Fully mature leaves of upland diverted from paddy field showed slightly higher in chlorophyll contents than in those of upland tobacco ones but somewhat lowered in $L^*$ and $b^*$ values, and there was no difference in $a^*$ value.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
• /
• 제18권2호
• /
• pp.67-72
• /
• 2019

This paper proposes a new method for the recognition of resistor color band using a color segmentation in a HSI color model. The proposed method firstly segments a resistor in a chromatic color as a ROI from a background. Secondly, the color bands of the resistor are segmented by vertical projection profile using both the intensity and the saturation differentiation and finally, it recognizes the colors of the segmented color bands using hue, saturation and intensity values. The final results are the value of the resistor and the names of the recognized color. The proposed method is implemented using C language in Raspberry Pi system with a camera module for a real-time image processing. Experiments were conducted by using various resistor images. The results show that the proposed method is successful for the recognition of resistor color band.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.235-241
• /
• 2022

A dispersion map was proposed to improve the compensation effect of a distorted WDM (wavelength division multiplexed) channel in a dispersion-managed link coupled with optical phase conjugation. The dispersion map is an origin-symmetric structure around the optical phase conjugator in the middle of the transmission path. In addition, the dispersion map has a form in which a constant dispersion accumulation pattern is repeated regularly. Through simulation, we confirmed that the application of the origin-symmetric dispersion map with a repetitively shaped configuration was more effective in compensating for the distorted WDM channel than in the dispersion-managed link with a conventional dispersion map. In addition, we confirmed that the compensation effect could be increased when the cumulative dispersion distribution of the origin-symmetric distribution map had a positive value in the first half section and a negative value in the second half section. Further, we observed that as the number of repeated dispersion accumulation patterns increased, the residual dispersion per span should also be increased.

• Korean Journal of Mathematics
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.405-419
• /
• 2020

The zeroth-order general Randić index ⁰R_α(G) of the graph G is defined as ∑_u∈V(G)d(u)^α, where d(u) is the degree of vertex u and α is an arbitrary real number. In this paper, the maximum value of zeroth-order general Randić index on the graphs of order n with a given clique number is presented for any α ≠ 0, 1 and α ∉ (2, 2n-1], where n = |V (G)|. The minimum value of zeroth-order general Randić index on the graphs with a given clique number is also obtained for any α ≠ 0, 1. Furthermore, the corresponding extremal graphs are characterized.

• 한국조리학회지
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.142-155
• /
• 2013

들깨분말을 기능성 식품으로 이용하기 위하여 들깨분말 첨가비율을 달리하여 만든 반죽의 물성특성과 식빵을 제조한 후 물리화학적, 기계적, 관능적 품질특성을 분석하여 들깨분말을 첨가한 식빵의 최적의 배합비를 찾고 기능성 재료로 가능성을 확인하였다. 들깨분말의 일반성분은 수분함량은 6.60%, 조단백은 23.04%, 조지방은 51.62%, 조회분 함량은 3.46%로 나타났다. 들깨분말 첨가 식빵 반죽의 sedimentation value와 pelshenke value는 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하였다. Farinograph 측정 결과 반죽의 consistency, water absorption와 tolerance index은 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하였고 stability와 time breakdown은 감소 하였다. Amylograph 측정 결과 pasting temperature, peak viscosity, hot past viscosity, final viscosity, breakdown과 setback은 첨가물이 증가될수록 감소하였다. 들깨 식빵의 굽기 손실률과 비용적은 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 색도는 L값과 b값은 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하였고 a값은 증가하였다. Texture 측정 결과 경도는 첨가량이 증가할수록 증가하였고 응집성, 탄력성과 씹힘성은 감소하였다. 기호도 검사는 15% 첨가군이 색, 향, 맛, 외관, 질감이 가장 좋게 나타났으며 전체적인 기호도는 15% 첨가군이 가장 좋게 나타났다.