• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2019

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare sitting balance and coordination spastic cerebral palsy in children using the Korean version of Trunk Impairment Scale (K-TIS) as well as to provide basic data about effective postural control treatment for clinicians handling these two types. METHODS: The K-TIS was measured in 29 children diagnosed with diplegic and quadriplegic cerebral palsy (18 with diplegia and 11 with quadriplegia). The average and standard scores of the children's K-TIS subscales and items of the two groups were measured. The two groups' subscales and items were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: Static sitting balance, dynamic sitting balance, coordination, and total score for children with diplegia were statistically high (p<.05). For all items under static sitting balance, the score for children with diplegia was higher. The first differences in the repeated items of dynamic sitting balance and coordination area that rotates between the upper and lower body were presented. CONCLUSION: The difference in balance and coordination in sitting positions is exhibited in children with diplegia and quadriplegia. For children with spastic quadriplegia, treatments should focus on static sitting balance and coordination, together with a focus on dynamic sitting balance and coordination.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.145-165
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to investigate items for improving environmental education in elementary school for the more efficiency policies of environmental education. In this study, we investigated the relative importance of each items through Analytic Hierarchy Process for the various groups of the expert who is related with environmental education. We made hierarchical structure for efficiency education through brainstorming process. The hierarchical structure consisted of 3 high-level items and 8 low-level items. The questionnaires were distributed to 4 groups with 187 experts. After the consistency test of returned questionnaires, we gained 60 available questionnaires of experts. According to the generalization results of all groups, "The pro-environmental attitude of the teacher" is the most important. The second important thing is "The pro-environmental attitude of the schoolmaster" and the third is "Experiential learning and on-the-spot study concerning environment". And the following are "Budget for environmental education" and "Environmental education in discretionary activity", "Teaching materials for environmental education", "The cultivation of the experts on environmental education", "Environment event in school" in order. As the result, we have to intensify the pro-environmental attitude of the teachers and schoolmasters and develop experiential learning and on-the-spot study programs concerned environment to improve environmental education. At the same time, we need the more politic support related with budget for environmental education.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.5-14
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop clinical education of Oriental Nursing. Methods: The subjects were one hundred and ninety-three students who have completed clinical practice. The questionnaires were composed of experience type and Oriental Nursing practices(25 items), level of satisfaction(20 items), difficulty level of practices(6 items), and preparation level of practice instructor(5 items). The reliability were Chronbach's $\alpha$=.84, .86, .74, and .93 respectively. Frequencies, percentage, t-test, and Pearson's Correlation was used in data analysis using SPSS PC+ 11.0. Results: Nursing students recognized that they had difficulties caused by a lack of knowledge of Oriental medicine, of learning the uniqueness of the nurse's role and lack of nurse's enthusiasm in teaching students. However, they were confident in preparing acupuncture and implementing Moxibustion, large Moxibustion, Bu-Hang therapy, aroma therapy and on administration of medicines and control of temperature of the medicines, exercise and rehabilitation. Therefore, instructors should train nursing students by developing a unique Oriental Nursing practice and reinforcement of nurses' independent and cooperative roles through the acquisition of Oriental Medical knowledge and terminology. It is necessary that they develop an educational program based on Oriental Nursing practice, perform consistently within the program and train its teaching faculty and instructors.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.219-228
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a measurement scale of nursing competence for nurses working in general wards, and to test the validity and reliability of the scale. Method: A methodological study design was used, consisting of 3 steps as conceptual framework decision, measurement items development, and testing of validity and reliability. In order to verify content validity, 16 experts reviewed the concept of each competences and measurement items. The developed measurement items were tested from 301 nurses in one hospital. Factor analysis and item analysis were applied to establish the scale's construct validity and reliability. Result: The final scale consists of nine dimensions with 70 items. The overall scale reliability had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.98, and the demensions Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.88 to 0.95. The factor loading of construct validity was from 0.40 to 0.83. The explained variance from the 9 extracted factors was 70.93% of the total variance, and final factors were labeled as critical thinking, resources management and professional development, ability of ward management, application of nursing process, ethical accountability, respectful consideration, patient centered approach, crisis management, and leadership. Conclusion: This measurement scale can be utilized to evaluate nursing competence for nurses working in general wards.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2014

The versions of the Oswestry disability questionnaire (ODQ) is regarded as one of the most extensively used condition-specific instruments measuring disability resulting from low back pain. It has been shown to have adequate psychometrics, reliability, validity, and responsiveness as a whole, yet the summated total score of the instrument often provide little information to rehabilitation clinicians. A keyform analysis based on Rasch measurement model is an innovative way of illustrating the specific test items that an individual may or may not perform. By applying the keyform of the Rasch measurement model to the ODQ, rehabilitation clinicians may able to select more challenging ODQ items matching an individual's ability and document them as attainable treatment goals. The results demonstrated how a keyform analysis assist to setting possible goals for the treatment of individuals with low back pain. Forty-two individuals with low back pain were recruited from rehabilitation clinics in Gainesville, Florida. A series of Rasch analyses on the 10 items of the ODQ were performed using Winsteps software. The performance of two individuals on those 10 items was illustrated on the keyform. The keyform analysis of the Rasch measurement model may be translated into a useful tool for making clinical judgements.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.919-931
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• 2015

Recently, with the rapid development of the Internet, the importance of the multi-channel retailing strategy including online channel has been emphasized in fashion business. The purpose of this research is to give some practical ideas of multichannel strategy for fashion retailers through comparison for multichannel choice behaviors between Korean and US consumers. The online survey was conducted on the 400 fashion customers aged between 20s and 50s living in Korea and America. The survey consisted of measurement items about channel choice behaviors for purchase or information search, risk perception on channel, repurchase intention at same channel, perception on experience or search goods among apparel items. The data were analyzed by frequency, regression, t-test using SPSS 18.0 program. The ratio of utilization multichannel was higher in fashion goods area in Korea fashion business. Also, most of Top-ranked fashion or accessory retailers in America were taking advantage of multichannel strategy. There were some differences between Korea and US consumers in channel choice behaviors for purchase or information search, risk perception for retail channel, repurchase intention at same channel, perception on experience or search goods among apparel items, etc. Some suggestion for the future research for multichannel strategy in fashion retailing was given.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.321-327
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the level of ethical dilemma and related factors in some clinical dental hygienists. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 290 clinical dental hygienists in G metropolitan city from January 5 to February 27, 2015. The instruments used for this study were the modified ethical dilemma scale developed Lee, Kim and Park. The questionnaire consisted of dental hygienists & subjects(4 items), dental hygienists & professionals(12 items), dental hygienists & partners(7 items), and medical information(31 items). The questions were measured by Likert 5 points scale. The statistical analyses include descriptive statistics, t-test and stepwise multiple regression analysis using SPSS 12.0 program. Results: Dental hygienists perceived ethical dilemma scored 3.35 and 3.24 except medical information. Professionals and partners in sub-domain of ethical dilemma by experience of ethics education and ethical conflict were high and showed statistically significant difference. The strongest predictor of dental hygienists and subjects was job satisfaction. The strongest predictor of dental hygienists and partners was adequacy of ethics education in college/university. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to develop the professional dental hygiene program for the prevention of ethical dilemma in dental hygienists and to make ethics education for ethical decision making.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to translate the Self-Reflection and Insight Scale (SRIS) into Korean and test its validity and reliability. Methods: Participants were 340 nursing students who were recruited from 5 nursing colleges in Korea. Data were collected from November 21 to December 20, 2016 and analyzed using the IBM Statistics SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 23.0 programs. Exploratory factor analysis, Confirmatory factor analysis, and concurrent validity analysis were performed. Results: For the Korean-SRIS (K-SRIS) 4 items were deleted from the original SRIS. The final scale consisted of 16 items which were sorted into- the 2 factors: self-reflection (11 items), insight (5 items). The cumulative percent of variance was 50.91%. The statistically significant correlation between K-SRIS scores and the Reflection in Learning Scale (RLS) support the concurrent validity of the K-SRIS. The reliability of the scale, Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ was .83. Conclusion: The finding indicate that the K-SRIS has validity and reliability. Therefore it can be used for measuring and developing reflection ability in nursing students.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.72-82
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a tool to assess the need for child hospice care in families of children with cancer. Method: The research design was a methodological study. The tool was developed in 4 stages : first, preliminary items were developed based on a questionnaire about the needs for child hospice care that was given to 20 families of children with cancer; second, a panel of specialists reduced the number of preliminary items using 3 validity tests for the content; third, final items were selected from the results of a pre-test. Finally, from February to July 2004, reliability and validity were tested with a sample of 104 families who had a child with cancer. Results: The final tool on the need for child hospice care consisted of 22 items and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was .93. Using factor analysis, 5 factors were extracted and these factors explained 69％ of the total variance. Conclusion: The instrument, for assessing the need for child hospice care in families of children with cancer, developed in this study was identified as a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity. In this sense, this tool can be effectively utilized for implementing and improving hospice care for children with cancer.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.136-146
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a tool to assess the severity of illness in high risk newborns. Method: The research design was a methodological study. The tool was developed in 4 stages: first, preliminary items were developed based on a questionnaire about the severity of illness index that was given to 8 health professionals in Neonatal Intensity Care Units (NICU) second, a panel of specialists reduced the preliminary items using 3 validity tests; third, final items were selected from the results of a pre-test. Finally, from July 2005 to May 2006, reliability and validity were tested with a sample of 160 high risk newborns admitted to the NICU. Results: The final tool to identify the severity of illness index in high risk newborns consisted 39 items and Cronbach's alpha coefficient for internal consistency was .922. Using factor analysis, 4 factors were extracted and these factors explained 54.451% of the total variance. Conclusion: The instrument for assessing the severity of illness in high risk newborns developed in this study was identified as a tool with a high degree of reliability and validity. In this sense, this tool can be effectively utilized for assessing and implementing care for high risk newborns.