• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.231-242
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• 2016

In order to meet rapid changes of Web information, it is necessary to extend the current Web technologies to represent both the valid time and location of each fact and knowledge, and reason their relationships. Until recently, many researches on qualitative temporal reasoning have been conducted in laboratory-scale, dealing with small knowledge bases. However, in this paper, we propose the design and implementation of a parallel qualitative temporal reasoner, MRQUTER, which can make reasoning over Web-scale large knowledge bases. This parallel temporal reasoner was built on a Hadoop cluster system using the MapReduce parallel programming framework. It decomposes the entire qualitative temporal reasoning process into several MapReduce jobs such as the encoding and decoding job, the inverse and equal reasoning job, the transitive reasoning job, the refining job, and applies some optimization techniques into each component reasoning job implemented with a pair of Map and Reduce functions. Through experiments using large benchmarking temporal knowledge bases, MRQUTER shows high reasoning performance and scalability.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.191-202
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• 2002

Characteristics and patterns of geographic features and human activities can be interpreted in terms of spatiality and temporality. The necessity to record the historical changes and the ability to reason in the real world has lead to a new field of research so called Integrated Spatio-Temporal analysis. The objective of this study is to investigate temporal maps for Spatio-temporal analysis, which have the integration functionality for visualizing spatiality and temporality of the geographic appearances and human activities. Land information is composed of spatial, attribute and temporal data and requires spatio-temporal representations. It is possible to visualize spatio-temporal variations with spatio-temporal databases and temporal map produced by integrated data models. This study constructs spatio-temporal model for temporal maps of land price variation analysis. Taking advantage of the spatio-temporal model proposed here, it is possible to visualize spatio-temporal variations with spatio-temporal database and temporal map. On a practical level, this study would be extended and utilized to various geographic features.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

The purpose of this article is to examine land use change in the fringe area of a metropolitan city through multi-temporal data analysis. Change detection has been regarded as one of the most important applications for utilization of remotely sensed imageries. Conventionally, two images were used for change detection, and Arithmetic calculators were generally used on the process. Meanwhile, multi-temporal change detection for a large number of images has been carried out. In this paper, a digital land-use map and three Landsat TM data were utilized for the multi-temporal change detection Each urban area map was extracted as a base map on the process of multi-temporal change detection. Each urban area map was converted to bit image by using boolean logic. Various urban change types could be obtained by stacking the urban area maps derived from the multi-temporal data using Geographic Information System(GIS). Urban change type map was created by using the process of piling up the bit images. Then the urban change type map was compared with each land cover map for the change detection. Dalseo-gu of Daegu city and Hwawon-eup of Dalsung-gun, the fringe area of Daegu Metropolitan city, were selected for the test area of this multi-temporal change detection method. The districts are adjacent to each other. Dalseo-gu has been developed for 30 yeais and so a large area of paddy land has been changed into a built-up area. Hwawon-eup, near by Dalseo-gu, has been influenced by the urbanization of Dalseo-gu. From 1972 to 1999, 3,507.9ha of agricultural area has been changed into other land uses, while 72.7ha of forest area has been altered. This agricultural area was designated as a 'Semi-agricultural area'by the National landuse Management Law. And it was easy for the preserved area to be changed into a built-up area once it would be included as urban area. Finally, the method of treatment and management of the preserved area needs to be changed to prevent the destruction of paddy land by urban sprawl on the urban fringe.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.105-111
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• 2015

Domestic 2D maps includes only most up-to-date information at the time of production without historical information. Therefore, it is hard to identify the change history of real world objects. In this research, Spatio-temporal model for 2D map were developed and it's compatibility was verified through the pilot project conducted on the Gwanggyo area of Gyeonggi province. Also, the procedure to generate 2D spatio-temporal database using maps made periodically on the same target area was introduced for showing the possibility of realizing nation wide spatio-temporal 2D map using the national base map updated periodically.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.317-327
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• 2015

A reliable analysis of consumer preference from a large amount of purchase data acquired in real time and an accurate customer characterization technique are essential for successful direct marketing campaigns. In this study, an optimal segmentation of post office customers in Korea is performed using a subspace projection-based clustering method to generate an accurate customer characterization from a high-dimensional census dataset. Moreover, a traditional temporal mining method is extended to an algorithm using the MapReduce framework for a consumer preference analysis. The experimental results show that it is possible to use parallel mining through a MapReduce-based algorithm and that the execution time of the algorithm is faster than that of a traditional method.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.860-863
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• 1997

FCM(Fuzzy Cognitive Map) is a fuzzy signed directed graph for representing causal reasoning which has fuzziness between causal concepts. Authors have already proposed FCM-based fault diagnostic scheme. However, the previously proposed scheme has the problem of lower diagnostic resolution. In order to improve the diagnostic resolution, a new diagnostic scheme based on extended FCM which incorporates the concept of fuzzy number into FCM is developed in this paper. Furthermore, an enhanced TAM(Temporal Associative Memory) recall procedure and pattern matching scheme are also proposed.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.5_1
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• pp.725-733
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• 2020

The objectives of this study were (1) to develop a temporal mask map using MCD12Q1 data, and (2) to extract the annual variations in paddy, (3) to investigate the correlation analysis between MYD13Q1 NDVI and rice yield, and (4) to review its applicability. For these purposes, the temporal mask map was created using annual MCD12Q1 PFT data from 2002 to 2019, and compared with the fixed mask map. As a result, it found that the temporal mask map well reflected the variations of the paddy area. In addition, the correlation coefficient between NDVI and rice yield was also high significant as compared to the fixed mask map. Therefore, the temporal mask map will be useful for NDVI extraction, crop monitoring, and estimation of rice yield.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.7
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• pp.3307-3321
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• 2018

With the ever-increasing queries related to temporal (or time-related) information, such as the product launching time, in search engine, most web pages will be augmented with such information in the future. Meanwhile, the gradual emergence of the use of electronic textbooks (or e-Textbooks), which enrich the traditional paper-based textbooks with multimedia contents such as interactive quizzes and multimedia-based simulations, has led us to infer that e-Textbooks will be blended with temporal information to support learning. The use of temporal information helps teachers and students to understand the level of prior knowledge required to study a topic, as well as the sequence of learning activities and related sub-topics, that best attains the educational goals. This paper presents a simple yet efficient tool called TimeMap, which is based on mind mapping, to create an e-Textbook called TimeBook that takes account of time-related curriculum and the ability of students to learn via collaboration.

• Transactions on Control, Automation and Systems Engineering
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.62-68
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• 1999

FCM(Fuzzy Cognitive Map) is proposed for representing causal reasoning. Its structure allows systematic causal reasoning through a forward inference. Authors have already proposed a diagnostic system based on FCM to utilized to identify the true origin of fault by on-line pattern diagnosis. In FCM based fault diagnosis, Temporal Associative Memories (TAM) recall of FCM is utilized to identify the true origin of fault by on-line pattern match where predicted pattern sequences obtained from TAM recall of fault FCM models are compared with actually observed ones. In engineering processes, the propagation delays are induced by the dynamics of processes and may vary with variables involved. However, disregarding such propagation delays in FCM-based fault diagnosis may lead to erroneous diagnostic results. To solve the problem, a concept of FTCM(Fuzzy Time Cognitive Map) is introduced into FCM-based fault diagnosis in this work. Expecially, translation method of FTCM makes it possible to diagnose the fault for some discrete time. Simulation studies through two-tank system is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed diagnostic scheme.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.8
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• pp.536-546
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• 2006

Painterly animation is a method that expresses painterly images with a hand-painted appearance from a video, and the most crucial element for it is the temporal coherence of brush strokes between frames. A motion map is proposed in this paper as a solution to the issue of maintaining the temporal coherence in the brush strokes between the frames. A motion map is the region that frame-to-frame motions have occurred. Namely, this map refers to the region frame-to-frame edges move by the motion information with the motion occurred edges as a starting point. In this paper, we employ the optical flow method and block-based method to estimate the motion information. The method that yielded the biggest PSNR using the motion information (the directions and magnitudes) acquired by various methods of motion estimation has been chosen as the final motion information to form a motion map. The created motion map determine the part of the frame that should be re-painted. In order to express painterly images with a hand- painted appearance and maintain the temporal coherence of brush strokes, the motion information was applied to only the strong edges that determine the directions of the brush strokes. Also, this paper seek to reduce the flickering phenomenon between the frames by using the multiple exposure method and the difference map created by the difference between images of the source and the canvas. Maintenance of the coherence in the direction of the brush strokes was also attempted by a local gradient interpolation to maintain the structural coherence.