• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.108-130
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• 1989

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic data for the development of school health nursing activities by surveying realities of school health nursing activities in schools lacking in a school nurse performed by teachers holding additional school health. The subjects for the study was selected from teachers holding additional school health who participated in the annual training course for teachers holding additional school health in 1988 organized by Province Education Council. 105 teachers holding additonal school health from Kyung-gi Province, 85 from Chung-buk province, 50 from Chun-buk Province, answered the questionaire. The results can be epitomized as follows. 1. General characteristics of Teachers Holding Additional School Health. The majority of the subjects are female (94.3%) and 64.1% of the subjects are in their twenties, 79.5% of them graduated from four-year teacher's college, 54.5% of them are unmarried, 74.5% has less than one-year experience as a teacher holding additional school health. 2. General characteristics of schools 92.4% of schools are national, of public schools, and 91.9% are located in country, elementary schools are 64%, junior high schools are 35.4%. The annual school nursing budget is unknow to 89.2% of them. The school nursing organization is non- existent to 85.6%. 82.4% of the school nursing clinics occupy their place solely, or jointly. 3. Status of School Health Nursing Activities In the questionaire, School Health Nursing Activities arc divided into Health Program planning and Evaluation (4 items), Clinic Management (4 items), Health Education (4 items), Management of School Environment 98 items), Operating of School Health Organization (1 item) and Health Care Service (25 items). The answers to each item measured by the Likert-type scale reveals that in the activities of techcrs holding additional school health the practice rate in Management of School Environment is 55%, 47% in Health Education, 45% in Health Program Planning and Evaluation, 32% in Health Care Service, 27% in Operating of School Health Organization, and 27% in Clinic Management. 4. The Relation between Influencing variables and School Health Nursing Activities. The results are as follows. (1) Health Program Planning and Evaluation: religion, marital status ($P<0.05^{**}$) (2) Clinic Management: age, school health organization ($P<0.05^{**}$) (3) Health Education: age ($P<0.01^*$), religion ($P<0.05^{**}$), business except for school nursing ($P<0.05^{**}$), form of operation ($P<0.05^{**}$), the number of clinic client a month ($P<0.05^{**}$). (4) Management of School Health Environment: age, marital status, business except for school nursing ($P<0.05^{**}$), presence of the annual school health nursing budget ($P<0.01^*$), school health organization ($P<0.05^{**}$). (5) Operating of School Health Organization: There is a statistical significance in Education, Interest in School Nursing ($P<0.05^{**}$). 5. The Regional Relationship of School Health Nursing Activity. There is a statistically significal difference in Health Education ($P<0.05^{**}$) and Health Care Service ($P<0.01^*$) of elementary school located in Kyung-gi, Chung-buk, Chun-buk Province. There is a statistically significant difference Health Program Planning and Evaluation of junior high Schools located in Kyung-gi, Chung-buk, Province ($P<0.05^{**}$). 6. The Correlation in School Health Nursing Activities. The analysis of the correlation in the 6 fields of school Health Nursng Activities shows that there is a statistically significant difference between Clinic Management and health Education, Clinic Management and Operating of School Health Organization, and between management of School Environment and operating of School Health Organization ($P<0.05^{**}$). The conclusions are as follows The 40.5 percent of schools should arrange nurse teachers by regulation 38, relative to the application of the Law of Education. But, in reality, teachers who have nothing to do with nursing, hold school health as an additional job. And it is very difficult to expect the qualititive health management of school faculty and students. In the 85.6 percent of schools, there is no organization for school health. And also, persons in charge of pracitcal affairs perform the school health activity without any knowledge about annual school health nursing budget. In the school health nursing activity of teacheres holding additional school health, operating of school, health organization and clinic management are the most difficult to get the cooperation from the persons relate to school and communities. There are a lot of problems in performing the school health nursing activity without any disposition of school health teachers, therefore, it is necessary to supplement school health teachers who had a professional training in order to make efficient the school health nursing management for children who are about to attend a school.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.139-152
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• 2002

Objectives：This study was conducted to compare the clinical and neuropsychological characteristics by DSM-IV subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) patients who did not have comorbid psychiatric disorders. Methods：5-15 year old children with ADHD were recruited at psychiatric outpatient clinic of Yeungnam University hospital and the patients with comorbidity or neurological abnormalities were excluded. Finally, total 404 children with ADHD were selected for this study. There were 234 subjects of ADHD-C(57.9%), 156 subjects of ADHD-I(38.6%) and 14 subjects of ADHD-HI(3.5%), who fulfilled the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. The mean age of the total subjects was 9.63±2.49 years old. The psychopathology, IQ, behavioral problems, neuropsychological executive function were evaluated before pharmacological treatment. The measures were Korean Personality Inventory of Child(K-PIC) for psychopathology, 4 behavioral check lists(ADDES-HV, ACTeRS, CAP, SNAP) for behavioral symptoms of ADHD, K-ABC and KEDI-WISC for IQ and Conner's CPT, WCST, SST for neuropsychological executive functions. Results：1) The prevalence of subtypes was ADHD-C, ADHD-I, ADHD-HI in decreasing order. There was no sex difference of prevalence among three subtypes. The mean age of ADHD-I was older than other subtypes. 2) There was significant differences of psychopathology among subtypes, the ADHD-C and ADHD-HI had higher than the ADHD-I in the scores of delinquent, hyperactivity and psychosis；the ADHD-C had higher than the ADHD-I in the scores of family relation and autism, the scores of ego resilience were lower than the ADHD-I. However, there was no difference in anxiety, depression and somatization scores among them. 3) The results of behavioral symptom check lists, the ADHD-C had higher the score of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity than the ADHD-I. Meanwhile the results of ACTeRs, which rated by the teachers, were different. 4) There were significant differences of sequential processing scale and arithmetics among subtypes in IQ using K-ABC, but there was no significant difference between the ADHD-C and the ADHD-I after excluding the ADHD-HI due to small numbers. 5) There was numerical difference among subtypes but did not reach statistical significance in three neuropsychological executive function tests. Conclusion：In conclusion, our results revealed that there was significant difference in clinical features among three subtypes but, no significant difference in executive functions.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.319-346
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• 2006

This study examines the current alcohol use situation among adolescents and provides information relevant to development of adequate prevention programs for adolescent alcohol use in Korea. In this study, we used focus group research method and analyzed the outcome with constant comparison method. We classified 4 major categories of adolescent alcohol use situation such as the factors on enhancing alcohol use, the factors on delaying alcohol use, the occasions significantly related to alcohol use and the first alcohol use experience of adolescent. And we found out 16 minor categories and 93 concepts under the major categories. The results from the study revealed that the factors on enhancing alcohol use were associated with adolescents' psychological reasons, their positive perceptions on alcohol, family factors, peer influences, teacher's influences and social and cultural aspects on alcohol in general. The factors on delaying alcohol use were associated with health conditions, their negative perceptions on alcohol, parental monitoring, economic reasons and their limited access to purchase alcohol. The occasions significantly related to adolescent alcohol use were family events, school events and peer gatherings. In addition, the first adolescent alcohol use experience was strongly associated with the peer influences and significant adults' offer of alcohol. Findings suggest recommendations for prevention and intervention programs for adolescent alcohol use in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.108-111
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• 1983

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to the analysis of triglycerides of rice bran oil. The triglycerides were clearly separated in five peaks by HPLC on a column packed with ${\mu}-Bondapack$ C18 using methanol-chloroform mixture as a solvent. Compositions of the triglyceride and fatty acid of the fraction was also analyzed by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Each of these collected fractions gave three to four peaks in the GLC chromatograms according to the carbon number of the triglyceride. The fitty acid compositions of these triglycerides were mainly composed of C16:0, C18:1 and C18:2 fatty acids. The major triglycerides of the rice bran oil were found to be those of (C16:0, C18:1, C18:2;16.64%), $(2{\times}C18:1,\;C18:2;16.18%)$, $(3{\times}C18:1;13.7%)$, $(C16:0,\;2{\times}C18:1;12.77%)$,$(C18:1,\;2{\times}C18:2;9.16%)$ and $(C16:0,\;2{\times}C18:2;6.42%)$

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.256-263
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• 2014

This research aims is to confirm the influence of a teacher's teaching style and teaching career on instructional analysis. Through this, the differences in the relevant elements' view points on a class and those in teachers' analysis view points on class criticism and instructional analysis at the education field can be investigated. For this study, the teaching styles of 198 elementary school teachers were categorized, their teaching careers were checked as teaching career and set them as covariate, and the differences in the view points on the analysis of the class climates were verified depending on each teaching style. As the research result, meaningful differences were found in four areas of the elements of class climates analysis, that is, creativity, vitality, precision, and gentleness. In the analysis of the class climates, the teachers with a professional style among the teaching styles gave the highest grades to creativity in the same class, those with a facilitating style to vitality, those with a role model style to precision, and those with a facilitating and role model style to gentleness. On the other hand, those with an authoritative and a delegating style were proved to give the lowest grades in general class climates. It means that teachers with different teaching styles have different viewpoints when analyzing a class, and those with a professional, a role model and a facilitating style have a relatively stronger intention to analyze a class through reflective introspection and permissive recognition.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.101-111
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• 2000

The present study was carried out to investigate the actual condition of the evaluation of science learning in the secondary school, and to develop the basic data for the improvement of the science learning assessment. Various questions for three evaluative domains were asked to 51 science teachers with the questionnaire during the in-service training course for certificate on summer in 1998. The cognition of the table of specification appeared high as 98% responses to the questionnaire, but the teachers' ability to distinguish behavioral elements was low as 47% responses. The evaluative rate of three domains for knowledge, skill and attitude appeared as 45%, 35% and 20% evaluation in both diagnostic and formative evaluation and 40%, 40% and 20% evaluation in summative evaluation. The evaluation of process skill appeared a tendency depending on laboratory reports as 61%, and was higher rather than in the formative evaluation or summative evaluation. In the evaluation of attitude domain, about a half of teachers answered that they evaluated the domain with laboratory reports as 43%, and some teachers evaluated the domain with teacher's observation as 33%. Also there were a few teachers who did not evaluate the attitude domain as 8%. The rate for the elements of the process skill appeared 86% responses in the interpretation of data, 31% in the observative ability, 18% in the predictive ability, 14% in the classified ability, 12% in the measuring and data-investigating ability, 4% in the discussion ability, and 2% in the investigating ability. We could find out that many teachers had given higher rate in the evaluation of process skill and attitude rather than before the present study, therefore there was more improvement in the evaluation for process skill and attitude domain after the 6th curriculum.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.226-231
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• 1982

In order to define triglyceride compositions in fat and oil triglycerides were separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) from corn oil, and the separated triglycerides were graduated according to each partition number(PN) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using column of ${\mu}-Bondapack\;C_{18}$ and each graduation was graduated again according to acylcarbon number by gas liquid chromatography(GLC). Fatty acid compositions were analyzed by GLC after their graduation were methylated in according to PN. The triglyceride compositions were estimated by synthesizing the above three results. The estimated triglycerides consisted of 36 kinds in corn oil. The major triglyceride compositions of sample oil were as follows: 21.5%$(C_{18:2},\;C_{18:2},\;C_{18:1})$, 17.4%$(C_{18:1},\;C_{18:2},\;C_{18:1})$, 15.4%$(C_{18:1},\;C_{18:2},\;C_{16:0})$, 11.1%$(C_{16:0},\;C_{18:2},\;C_{18:2})$, 9.0%$(C_{18:1},\;C_{18:1},\;C_{18:1})$, 8.0%$(C_{18:2},\;C_18:2},\;C_{18:2})$, 5.7%$(C_{18:1},\;C_{18:1},\;C_{16:0})$, 2.2%$(C_{16:0},\;C_{16:0},\;C_{18:2})$, 1.6%$(C_{18:2},\;C_{18:2},\;C_{18:2})$, 1.1%$C_{18:2},\;C_{18:0},\;C_{16:0})$, 1.1%$(C_{16:0},\;C_{16:0},\;C_{18:1})$.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 1982

Triglycerides of cottonseed oil were separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC), and fractionated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on the basis of partition numbers. From each fraction, it was fractionated again on the basis of acyl carbon numbers using gas liquid chromatography (GLC). The fatty acids of triglyceride for each partition number group were analyzed by GLC. From, these results, triglyceride constituents of cotton seed oil were estimated to be 37 kinds of triglycerides. The major triglycerides and their contents in cotton seed oil were as follows: 25.8%$(C_{16:0},\;C_{18:2},\;C_{18:2})$, 15.5%$(C_{18:2},\;C_{18:2},\;C_{18:2})$, 13.8%$(C_{16:0},\;C_{18:2},\;C_{16:0})$, 8.3%$(C_{18:2},\;C_{18:1},\;C_{18:2})$, 6.2%$(C_{18:2},\;C_{18:1},\;C_{18:1})$, 4.1%$(C_{18:1},\;C_{18:1},\;C_{14:0})$, 3.4%$(C_{16:0},\;C_{18:1},\;C_{16:0})$, 2.3%$(C_{18:1},\;C_{18:2},\;C_{16:0})$, 2.2%$(C_{18:1},\;C_{18:1},\;C_{18:1})$, 1.0%$(C_{14:0},\;C_{18:2},\;C_{18:1})$.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.789-802
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• 2007

This study investigated pre-service elementary teachers' understanding of the basic concepts of and their attitudes toward astronomy in Korea and Japan. The survey instrument called the Astronomy Diagnostic lest (ADT) that was developed by the Collaboration for Astronomy Education Research (CAER) in 1998 was used and modified to tailor to the two countries' contexts, including 12 items written in the two languages, Korean and Japanese. The attitudes toward astronomy were examined by the Survey of Attitudes toward Astronomy (SATA), which was developed by Zeilik et al. in 1999. Cronbach's alpha of this sample of the study was 0.69, while the reliability of SATA was 0.87. All the pre-service elementary teachers in both Korea and Japan showed a low-level understanding of the basic concepts of astronomy. 38% of Korean pre-service elementary teachers had correct answers to the questions regarding the basic conceptions of astronomy, while 37% of Japanese participants had correct answers to them. Although there was no statistically significant difference between Korean and Japanese pre-service elementary teachers, Korean teachers scored higher than Japanese participants in SATA. A significant difference, however, was revealed in the categories of cognitive competence and value of the attitudes toward astronomy (p <.05). In addition, it was found that both Korean and Japanese pre-service elementary teachers scored less than 40% about the basic concepts of astronomy and that they obtained lower scores than the US college students with regard to the attitudes toward astronomy.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.142-147
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• 1989

In this report, we set up a simple device which enabled us to obtain data useful to estimate the relative capacity of thermal energy retention of greenhouse built with various plastic coverings. A box($20cm{\times}20cm{\times}30cm$) framed with flexiglass at the edges and covered with thin plastic films was made, in which were placed a thermostat-controlled nichrom wire heater and a thermal probe made of thermister to monitor temperature changes. A wheaston-bridge type transducer and a chart recorder were used to record the changes of temperature inside the box The data obtained by using the device showed that the relative rate of heat toss through plastic films with identical thickness decreased in the order of PE film>EVA film>PVC film and that IR additives such as fine silica gel improved the insulating power of plastic films. This observations are in well accord with general information, demostrating the feasibility of the device in usefulness for the purpose of screening of various commercial plastic coverings.