• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제62호
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• pp.113-131
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• 2007

It is reported that the segmental feature based recognition system shows better results than conventional feature based system in the previous studies. On the other hand, the various studies of combining neural network and hidden Markov models within a single system are done with expectations that it may potentially combine the advantages of both systems. With the influence of these studies, tandem approach was presented to use neural network as the classifier and hidden Markov models as the decoder. In this paper, we applied the trend information of segmental features to tandem architecture and used posterior probabilities, which are the output of neural network, as inputs of recognition system. The experiments are performed on Auroral database to examine the potentiality of the trend feature based tandem architecture. From the results, the proposed system outperforms on very low SNR environments. Consequently, we argue that the trend information on tandem architecture can be additionally used for traditional MFCC features.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2015

In this paper, several experiments are performed according to deep neural network (DNN) based features for the performance comparison of speaker verification (SV) systems. To this end, input features for a DNN, such as mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC), linear-frequency cepstral coefficient (LFCC), and perceptual linear prediction (PLP), are first compared in a view of the SV performance. After that, the effect of a DNN training method and a structure of hidden layers of DNNs on the SV performance is investigated depending on the type of features. The performance of an SV system is then evaluated on the basis of I-vector or probabilistic linear discriminant analysis (PLDA) scoring method. It is shown from SV experiments that a tandem feature of DNN bottleneck feature and MFCC feature gives the best performance when DNNs are configured using a rectangular type of hidden layers and trained with a supervised training method.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 2007년도 한국음성과학회 공동학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.323-326
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• 2007

The various studies of combining neural network and hidden Markov models within a single system are done with expectations that it may potentially combine the advantages of both systems. With the influence of these studies, tandem approach was presented to use neural network as the classifier and hidden Markov models as the decoder. In this paper, we applied the trend information of segmental features to tandem architecture and used posterior probabilities, which are the output of neural network, as inputs of recognition system. The experiments are performed on Aurora2 database to examine the potentiality of the trend feature based tandem architecture. The proposed method shows the better results than the baseline system on very low SNR environments.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.305-312
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• 2011

Bacillus anthracis(Ba) is a Gram-positive spore-forming bacterium that causes the disease anthrax. The feature of Ba is the presence of two large virulence plasmids, pXO1 and pXO2. Molecular genotyping of Ba has been difficult to the lack of polymorphic DNA marker. Ba isolated from Korea has been genotyped using various nucleotide analysis methods, such as 16s rDNA sequencing and multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat (MLVA) analysis. We identified genotypes that represent a genetic lineage in the B1 cluster. This study emphasized the need to perform molecular genotyping when attempting to verify a strain-specific Ba.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 컨테이너터미널에서 탠덤 리프트 안벽크레인과 고생산성 컨테이너 이송차량 Alternative ship-to-yard vehicles를 고려한 시뮬레이션을 활용하여 컨테이너터미널의 생산성 향상 모델을 제안한다. 이 방법의 특징은 탠덤 리프트 안벽크레인과 고생산성 컨테이너 이송차량의 데이터를 도출하고, 회귀분석 함으로써 탠덤 리프트 안벽크레인의 생산성 모델을 추정한다. 탠덤 리프트 안벽크레인은 한 사이클 당 20ft 컨테이너 4개, 40ft 컨테이너 2개를 동시에 취급함으로서 기존의 싱글 안벽크레인보다 이론상 약 2배의 컨테이너 생산성을 증가시키는 장비이고 Alternative ship-to-yard vehicles는 기존의 야드 트랙터보다 더 많은 최대 4TEU의 컨테이너를 운반시킬 수 있는 장비이다. 본 논문에서는 신기술 안벽장비인 탠덤 리프트 안벽크레인과 신기술 이송장비인 Alternative ship-to-yard vehicles를 적용한 시뮬레이션을 통하여 생산성에 관한 데이터를 도출하고 통계 기법인 회귀분석을 통하여 컨테이너 터미널의 생산성의 추정모델을 구해보고자 한다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제14권24호
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• pp.149-154
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• 1991

The one of the important problems in the design of queueing systems is the decision of the order of service stations. The object of this problem is the decision of the order that minimizes the expected sojourn time per customer in the given arrival process and service time distributions. In this paper, the tandem queueing system in series is studied with the emphasis on the optimal order of the tandem queueing system which has three stations with single servers. In one system, customers arrive at the first station with Poisson process. This system is composed of service stations with a constant, a general distribution and a Exponential distribution is studied. To select the optimal order after the orders of each pair of two stations is decided, it is compared the two orders of system. With this results, total expected delay of the systems which has three stations is compared. The result is the best that service station with constant time is on the first place, then the service station with general distribution and the service station with Exponential distribution is followed. And the other system is consist of service stations with a constant and two probabilistic distributions. In this case, two probabilistic distributions has a non-overlapping feature. It is the optimal order that the service station with constant time is on the first place then the service station with longer service time and the service station with shorter service time is followed.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.157-169
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• 2022

DNA typing is the typical technology in the forensic science and plays a significant role in the personal identification of victims and suspects. Short tandem repeat (STR) is the short tandemly repeated DNA sequence consisting of 2~7 bp DNA units in specific loci. It is disseminated across the human genome and represents polymorphism among individuals. Because polymorphism is a key feature of the application of DNA typing STR analysis, STR analysis becomes the standard technology in forensics. Therefore, the DNA database (DNA-DB) was first introduced with 4 essential STR markers for the application of forensic science; however, the number of STR markers was expanded from 4 to 13 and 13 to 20 later to counteract the continuously increased DNA profile and other needed situations. After applying expanded STR markers to the South Korean DNA-DB system, it positively affected to low copy number analysis that had a high possibility of partial DNA profiles, and especially contributed to the theft cases due to the high portion of touch DNA evidence in the theft case. Furthermore, STR marker expansion not only contributed to the resolution of cold cases but also increased kinship index indicating the potential for improved kinship test accuracy using extended STR markers. Collectively, the expansion of the STR locus was considered to be necessary to keep pace with the continuously increasing DNA profile, and to improve the data integrity of the DNA-DB.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.143-162
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• 2019

Motivated by a simpler and more compact hybrid active tuned mass damper (ATMD) system with wide frequency spacing (i.e., high robustness) but not reducing the effectiveness using the least number of ATMD units, the active tuned tandem mass dampers (ATTMD) have been proposed to attenuate undesirable oscillations of structures under the ground acceleration. Likewise, it is expected that the frequency spacing of the ATTMD is comparable to that of the active multiple tuned mass dampers (AMTMD) or the multiple tuned mass dampers (MTMD). In accordance with the mode generalised system in the specific vibration mode being controlled (simply referred herein to as the structure), the closed-form expression of the dimensionless displacement variances has been derived for the structure with the attached ATTMD. The criterion for the optimum searching may then be determined as minimization of the dimensionless displacement variances. Employing the gradient-based optimization technique, the effects of varying key parameters on the performance of the ATTMD have been scrutinized in order to probe into its superiority. Meanwhile, for the purpose of a systematic comparison, the optimum results of two active tuned mass dampers (two ATMDs), two tuned mass dampers (two TMDs) without the linking damper, and the TTMD are included into consideration. Subsequent to work in the frequency domain, a real-time Simulink implementation of dynamic analysis of the structure with the ATTMD under earthquakes is carried out to verify the findings of effectiveness and stroke in the frequency domain. Results clearly show that the findings in the time domain support the ones in the frequency domain. The whole work demonstrates that ATTMD outperforms two ATMDs, two TMDs, and TTMD. Thereinto, a wide frequency spacing feature of the ATTMD is its highlight, thus deeming it a high robustness control device. Furthermore, the ATTMD system only needs the linking dashpot, thus embodying its simplicity.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.287-291
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• 2009

In this paper, an optical switch/modulator is designed and its light propagating characteristics analyzed using a simplified BPM. The distinctive feature of this switch/modulator is that all its waveguide branches are designed as single-mode. The principle of the device is based on the coupled mode theory in the Y-junction interconnecting waveguide. In spite of the fact all waveguides are designed as single-mode, by adjusting the interconnecting waveguide length'of the device the same characteristics as existing up to date devices are obtainable. Numerical results show that the switching characteristics periodically depend upon an interconnecting waveguide length with a spatial of about $150^{{\mu}m}$ in the $Ti:LiNbO_3$ step index waveguide. The design concept would therefore be utilized effectively in fabricating a monolithic high density optical integrated circuit.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제57권10호
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• pp.1829-1834
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• 2008

An optical switch/modulator is designed and the light propagating characteristics is analyzed by the simplified BPM. The distinctive feature of the switch/modulator is that all the waveguide branches are designed to be single-mode. Principle of the device is based on the coupled mode theory in the Y-junction interconnecting waveguide. In spite of all the waveguides are designed to be single-mode, adjusting the interconnecting waveguide length of the device, the same characteristics as existing device up to date is obtainable. Numerical results show that the switching characteristics periodically depends on the interconnecting waveguide length with a spatial of about 150${\mu}m$ in the Ti:LiNbO3 step index waveguide. The concept of design would be utilized effectively in fabricating the monolithic high density of optical integrated circuit.