• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.238-241
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• 2002

There are two types of flat foot, the one is congenital type and the other is acquired type. The treatments of flat foot are various and conservative treatment is general, except such as congenital talus. But, operative method is needed for treatment of failure of conservative method, severe deformity in X-ray, with tenderness in a juvenile period. We reported using Kalix implant for flat foot with pain and severe deformity.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.147-152
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• 2014

Ankle arthrodesis has been used as standard treatment of ankle arthritis unresponsive to conservative treatment. Transfibular approach was used for ankles with severe deformities and minimally invasive arthroscopic ankle arthrodesis was used for patients with mild deformities. Anterior approach may be used when lateral approach couldn't be performed. Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis is standard treatment for coexisting ankle and subtalar arthritis, and modified Blair arthrodesis can be used if the talus body resection is necessary in severe talar necrosis. In serious infection of ankle arthritis, arthrodesis can be performed as staged operation. In cases with low bone density and severe deformities, Charcot arthropathy should be considered.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.135-137
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• 2003

The purpose of this preliminary study is the applied to geology using the Landsat TM satellite image of the Tanggung area of southern part of the Bandung, Indonesia to provide basic information for geological survey. For this, topography, geology and satellite image were constructed to spatial database. Digital elevation, slope, aspect, curvature, hill shade of topography were calculated from the topographic database and lithology was imported from the geological database. Lineament, lineament density, and NDVI were extracted the Landsat TM satellite image. The results showed the close relationship between geology and terrain and satellite image. Each sedimentary rock seldom corresponds with geology and analyses of topography but as a whole for sedimentary rocks coincide with them. Tuff and volcanic breccia in the volcanic rocks correspond with the result of terrain analyses. Talus deposits is well matched with the analyses of opography/satellite image.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.156-160
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• 2020

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) usually arise in soft tissues; they are rarely found in the bone. This paper reports a case of MPNST in the foot and ankle joint involving the distal tibia, talus, calcaneus, navicular, medial intermediate, and lateral cuneiform, cuboid, and 2nd to 4th metatarsal bone. Palliative treatment was performed. The authors encountered a patient with intraosseous MPNST of the midfoot who presented with nonspecific clinical and radiologic findings. This case shows that a high index of suspicion and a histopathology examination, including immunohistochemistry, will be necessary for an accurate diagnosis.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2013

There is an Ankle Oblique(Broden' low) as an examination for the patient whose ankle was encased in orthopedic plaster. Some types of Ankle Joint coalition - Calcaneonavicular coalition, Talocalcaneal coalition and Naviculocuneiform coalition. This study is focused on the relation between Ankle Joints and the structural change of soft tissues, also finding the most proper angle to obtain good images of Ankle Joint from the patient who wore a plaster on his ankle, when we x-ray with Harris-Beath View($30^{\circ}{\sim}55^{\circ}$) - for observing Subtalar joint, Calcaneus Fracture, Subtentaculum, Tali Fracture and Talocalcaneal coalition. We intend to get the angle which makes us achieve the good image that shows Calcaneus Fracture, Subtentaculum, and Tali Fracture by changing internal angles of the patient's ankle. We evaluated the images obtained from 51 patients with PACS monitor. The result of the evaluation, subtalar joint was not seperated but opened, and Subtentaculum Tali Fracture was seen overlaid. at the angle 30, we could observe Calcaneus Fracture, Subtentaculum Tali Frature and the front part of behind side of subtalar joint well. And Calcaneo Navicularcoalition, Talocal Canealcoalition, Naviculo Cuneiform coalition condition were clearly seen at that angle. At the angle 35, we could achieve the clear images of subtalar comminuted fracture, talus, the behind joint of heel bone and get the high definition image on the degree of talocalcaneal joint separation. In addition to, We could obtain the good wide image of Sinus Tarsi. At the area of 45, We can distinguish the soft tissues from gyps separation. The outer-talus and density of the bone were definitely seen and Calcaneus is more separated than that of at the angle of 35, but this image is distorted. Calcaneus, Subtentaculum Tali show $1.20{\pm}0.414$ at the angle 25, $2.47{\pm}0.516$ at the angle 30, $2.27{\pm}0.458$ at the angle 45. This difference is statistically meaningful. (p<0.05). Including the degree of distortion, The distortion appears less at the area of $30^{\circ}$ but at the area of 40, there is heavy distortion. So, We could get the best image for making a diagnosis. At the $30{\sim}35^{\circ}$ degree for X-raying ankle. and at the $30{\sim}40^{\circ}$ for Calcaneus Fracture, Subtentaculum Tali Fracture.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.18-35
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• 2010

Facies analysis of the Late Triassic Hajo Formation, the lowest stratigraphic unit in the Chungnam Basin, shows that the lower part is composed mainly of breccias or conglomerates; the middle part, conglomerates; and the upper part, conglomerates and sandstones. The formation consists of 13 facies, which include horizontally stratified clastsupported conglomerate, clast-supported massive breccia, matrix-supported massive breccia or conglomerate, matrixsupported graded conglomerate, massive pebbly sandstone, horizontally laminated sandstone, massive sandstone, graded sandstone, inversely graded sandstone, planar cross-bedded sandstone, trough cross-bedded sandstone, low angle crossbedded sandstone, and massive mudstone. These are grouped into 4 facies associations (FA). FA I consisted of clastsupported and matrix-supported massive breccias presumably deposited in the talus or upper fan delta environment. FA II consists of matrix-supported massive conglomerate and horizontally stratified clast-supported conglomerate of cobble size and it seems to have been deposited in the upper fan delta environment. FAIII consisted of matrix-supported massive conglomerate of pebble size, horizontally laminated sandstone and massive sandstone may have been deposited in the middle fan delta environment. FAIV consists of massive pebbly sandstone, horizontally laminated sandstone and massive sandstone and presumably was deposited in the lower fan delta environment. In general the Hajo Formation is interpreted to have been deposited at the talus/upper fan delta environment in early stage; it might have been deposited in the alternating environments of upper and middle fan delta in middle stage; and it seems to have been deposited in alternating environments of middle and lower fan delta in late stage.

• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.103-113
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• 2001

This study presents Quaternary sedimentation pattern around Dok-Island volcanoes (Dok Island and Dok Seamount), based on analysis of high-resolution (chirp) echo characters. Echo facies If, showing sharp, continuous bottom echo without subbottom reflectors, is recorded mainly from the flat tops of the volcanoes. This facies indicates sands and gravels (re) deposited by shallow marine processes. Echo facies IIA in the basin floor and basal slopes of the volcanoes and Oki Bank is characterized by semi-prolonged bottom and several parallel subbottom echoes. This facies reflects hemipelagic settling with intermittent influences of turbidity currents in the slope areas. Echo facies IIC is recorded from acoustically-transparent debrite masses on the basal slopes of the volcanoes and Oki Bank. Echo facies IIIA is characterized by irregular hyperbolic echoes in the slope areas of the volcanoes. It suggests hard rock basement or irregular volcanic edifices. Echo facies IIIC shows regularly-overlapping hyperbolic bottom echoes. It is interpreted to represent rock-fall deposits (talus) accumulated in the mid-slope area. Echo characters and topography suggest that the tops of Dok-Island volcanoes were flattened and lowered by shallow-marine erosional processes. The eroded sediments were transported to and deposited in the base of slope and basin plain mainly by debris flows and turbidity currents along submarine canyons and valleys.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.148-152
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• 2008

Purpose : To find the MR findings and evaluate the usefulness of MR in flexor hallucis longus(FHL) dysfunction. Materials and Methods : From 1992 to 2003, fourty patients were found to have surgically confirmed FHL dysfunction. 24 cases of 22 patients who had performed MR were included in this study. We analyzed the signal intensity of FHL tendon and muscle, tendon sheath, sheath effusion, and bone lesions, retrospectively. Results : Non-specific, increased sheath effusion of FHL tendon was seen in 12 cases (50%). Large amount of sheath effusion(grade 3) was observed in 5 cases (21%). The signal intensity of FHL tendon was normal in all cases. High signal intensity at the FHL muscle, proximal to musculotendinous junction was seen in 1 case (4%). One case (4%) of marrow edema of the talus and another one case (4%) of osteochondritis dissecans of the talus was seen. Conclusion : Non-specific, increased sheath effusion of FHL tendon was observed on MR in FHL dysfunction patients. Therefore, MR has a limited role in diagnosis of FHL dysfunction and is useful to exclude other bone and tendon diseases causing medial ankle pain.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 2001

There are a few interesting areas which show freezing during summer season in Korea, three of them are especially important. They are located at Milyang(Gyungnam province), Uisung and Chungsong(Gyungbook province). They are named Eoleumgol(ice-valley) or Binghyul(ice-cave). The purpose of this study is to clarify geomorphological and geological characteristics about the distribution areas of freezing during summer season in Korea in relation to previous works, which have been studied in hydrological or micro-climatological viewpoints. The main results are summarized as follows. 1) The main geomorphological and geological characteristics in the distribution areas of freezing during summer season (1) Thick debris accumulated slope within deep valley (2) North facing slope (3) The component debris of volcanic rock such as andesite or rhyolite 2) The ice-cave as a system that give rise to freezing phenomenon in summer season is closely related to talus slope. The ice-cave has thick accumulated debris and lots of vacant spaces within the rock deposits, some of vacant spaces are very big and connected with underground water system. 3) A partly freezing within underground water system is required freezing phenomenon in summer season. Judging from this point of view, two ideas are suggested; one is the evaporation theory, another is that the frozen condition in winter remains untill late summer.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2004

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of mortise angle and fibular length measured in radiologic findings in predicting the ankle stability. Materials and Methods: One hundred cases fifty cases were randomly selected volunteers with normal ankle function and the other fifty cases were randomly selected patients whose ankle were treated in our hospital and who were followed for over 1 years with good results. A specific experimental fixture were made to get the even AP and lateral view and objective stress view. Results: The mortise angle and fibular length was not statistically significant to the degree of talar tilt angle under valgus or varus stress and that of displacement under anterior or posterior stress. Conclusion: The mortise angle and fibular length was not the objective predicting factors on the ankle stability. Maintenance of constrained talus in dynamic status is most important factors in determining the ankle stability.